International Journal of Computer Techniques

1-5

Authors: Ravi Kumar, Shweta Sharma

The great success of internet that allows the transmission, very wide distribution, and access of digital data in an easy manner. Content providers are faced with the challenge to protect their digital data. Digital watermarking has been proposed as a technology to ensure copyright protection by embedding an imperceptible, yet detectable signal in visual multimedia content such as images or video. Watermark detection is an integral component of a watermarking system. The challenge here is to introduce the digital watermark such that the perceived quality of the digital content remains unaltered as well as robust to different types of attacks. A robust and blind 3D watermarking method should be able to detect the embedded message after a certain level of malicious attack without having the original model. 3D watermarking has a great potential of usage in the real world and it can be applied in the copyright protection, database management, graphics authentication and data transmission etc. Keywords:- Digital Video Watermarking, Discrete Wavelet Transform, 3-D digital water marking, Video Frame, Watermark, MATLAB

14-18

Authors: Aliasger k. Dhilawala, Vishal shah

Delay tolerant networks (DTNs) may lack continuous network connectivity. Routing in DTNs is thus challenging since it must handle network partitioning, long delays, and dynamic topology in such networks. In recent years, social-based approaches, which attempt to exploit social behaviors of DTN nodes to make better routing decision, have drawn tremendous interests in DTN routing design. In this article, we summarize the social properties in DTNs, and provide a survey of recent social-based DTN routing approaches. Keywords :- Delay tolerant network, social metrics, social based routing protocol

25-32

Authors: Galal Ali Hassaan

Analytical synthesis of mechanisms is a useful tool towards machinery design and production. The analytical approach is useful for computer-aided design applications. Stroke , time ratio and transmission angle are important parameters in mechanism synthesis. Usually, those parameters are related nonlinearly to the planar mechanism dimensions. The paper presents an approach for the synthesis of three types of planar mechanisms fulfilling the requirements for stroke, time ratio and transmission angle. A case study is presented on each mechanism type. The synthesis is performed by deriving a set of nonlinear equations for the desired kinematical parameters of the mechanism. The MATLAB command 'fsolve' is used to solve the set of nonlinear equations and provide the optimal dimensions of the planar mechanism.

36-46

Authors: Priyanka M.Tambat, Arati M.Dixit

An Energy efficient power saving scheme for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can be designed and developed via an algorithm to provide reasonable energy consumption and network for WSN to improve the lifetime of system. A cluster-based approach is used to reduce energy consumption in WSN. In this paper, a uniform cluster concept is proposed to reduce data transmission distance of sensor nodes in WSN. As a result the sensor node clustering is done to achieve an ideal distribution. The residual energy is accounted for selecting the appropriate cluster head nodes and the average distance between sensor nodes. To extend the lifetime of sensor node in WSNs and for increasing energy efficiency, new efficient energy saving schemes CBEEPSS (Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Power Saving Scheme) is proposed and developed. Lifetime of WSN is increased by using the uniform cluster location and balancing the network loading among the clusters. The proposed CBEEPSS algorithm achieves low energy consumption and better WSN life-time, as it detects the dead nodes from the sensing area and these dead nodes are recharged with the solar energy and again moved to pool of active node for further operation.

51-54

Authors: Arshad Ali, Amit Bajpeye , Amit Kumar Srivastava

In present scenario learning, teaching and trainings are online. In this regard the role of E-learning system architecture based on Cloud computing is very important. Low cost computers, Internet connectivity and rich education content has created a global phenomenon in which information and communication technology (ICT) is being used to transform education. Now the requirement of enhance the education system for good result. This paper introduces the characteristics of the current E-Learning and then analysis the concept of cloud computing and describes the architecture of cloud computing platform by combining the features of E-Learning. This research paper is focus on the importance of cloud computing.

61-67

Authors: D.Kavitha, S.Ravikumar

In recent years publicly reported vulnerability have strong growth in web applications. These security vulnerabilities continue to infect the web applications can cause vast security problems. Organizations are taking their businesses online, attacker can steal confidential data of the organization with these attacks resulting loss of market value of the organization. Securing the websites against these vulnerabilities is very difficult and challenging task as day to day new techniques for attacks are invented, so the study of various types of vulnerabilities, detecting the attacks and providing solution for these vulnerabilities is essential part in internet world. This paper focuses on clickjacking attack and providing security mechanism as whitelisting URL analyzer to overcome the clickjacking attack. The security mechanism has the features and standards to measure the attack and how much the vulnerability is being exposed with respect to the context of application in the social networking environment. The Proposed iframe tag checking algorithm and DNSlookup checking algorithm is based on regex. Regex handles both the internal and external fault efficiently and reduces the load time of iframe tag checking and DNSlookup using simple patterns of regex. Thus the proposed algorithm overcomes clickjacking attack efficiently than existing defenses. The vulnerability of the attack can be measured by the deviation of the system state with expected state. This deviation can be overcome by the security mechanism. Key words — Clickjacking, security mechanism, iframe, DNSlookup, URL analyzer

72-77

Authors: Er. Rajeev Thakur

Free-space optical communication (FSO) systems (in space and inside the atmosphere) have developed in response to a growing need for high-speed and tap-proof communication systems. FSO can carry full-duplex data at Gbps rates over metropolitan distances of a few city blocks to a few kilometers. FSO system requires capital outlay less compared to ground based fiber-optic technologies. FSO systems can be used in metro network extensions. Organizations can deploy FSO to extend existing fiber network to connect to new networks. FSO can also act as back up for fiber optic system. Keywords — FSO (Free space optics), RZ (Return to zero), NRZ (Non return to zero), NRZ RC(Non return to zero raised cosine), RZ RC (Return to zero raised cosine), OOK (On off keying)

86-89

Authors: Siddhrajsinh Solanki, Neha Soni

Frequent Pattern Mining is very imporatant task in association mining. Data mining is emerging technology which is continuously increasing its importance in all the aspects of human life. As an important task of data mining, Frequent pattern Mining should understood by researchers to make modification in existing algorithms or to utilize algorithm and methods in more specific way to optimize minig process. This paper concentrate on the study of basic algorithm of frequent pattern mining and its working. It also focus on advantage and disadvantage of algorithms. Basic algorithm studied in this paper are (1) Apriori (2) Eclat (3) FP Growth. Mining of association rules from frequent pattern from massive collection of data is of interest for many industries which can provide guidance in decision making processes such as cross marketing, market basket analysis, promotion assortment etc. Keywords — Itemset, Frequent Pateern Mining, Apriori, Eclat, Fp Growth.

99-105

Authors: Siddhrajsinh Solanki, Neha Soni

Data mining is the process of extracting useful information from the huge amount of data stored in the databases. Data mining tools and techniques help to predict business trends those can occur in near future. Many industries are becoming interested in mining such patterns from their databases. The discovery of interesting correlation relationships among huge amounts of business transaction records can help in many business decision-making processes, such as catalog design, cross-marketing, and customer shopping behavior analysis. Eclat is a classical algorithm for mining frequent itemsets, which is based on vertical layout databases. It is greatly different from those algorithms based on horizontal layout databases, such as algorithm Apriori and FP-Growth. Eclat uses vertical data format for frequent pattern mining. It is depth first search technique. It is proved that Eclat is better then apriori algorithm. It needs less database scan compare to apriori. Eclat is faster then apriori. Eclat is not used with any kind of utility. In market basket analyses retailers have to analyze frequent itemset which have high profit corresponding to its price of that itemset. Investment is basic constrained in any business. While purchasing items from company or agency retailers have limited money and they have to invest in varying items with certain quantity by that limited money. While offering package of items retailers has to aware about limit of cost. Therefore, this work investigates working of eclat with utility called “Relative Profit” and with “Price”. The main aim of this research is to look for and manipulate relative profit and price with algorithm to find itemset with high relative profit with price limit. Keywords — Frequent Itemset Mining, Eclat, Equivalence class, Vertical data format, Relative Profit

110-115

Authors: Galal Ali Hassaan

This paper investigates using a PD-PI controller for disturbance rejection associated with delayed double integrating processes. The control is tuned using the MATLAB optimization toolbox and five different error-based objective functions for process time delay between 0.2 and 1 s. The more suitable objective function for disturbance rejection with PD-PI controller used with the delayed double integrating process is assigned and the effect of the process time delay on the performance of the control system in the time domain is shown. The unit step disturbance input time response of the control system has a maximum value less than 3.62, time of maximum time response less than 1.71 s and a settling time less than 26 s. The simulation results using the PD-PI controller are superior when compared with other disturbance rejection technique based on using a PID controller. Keywords — Disturbance rejection, delayed double integrating process, PD-PI controller, controller tuning.

1-6

Authors: Elayaraja.D,J.Caroline EL Fiorenza(Assistant Professor)

Cloud Computing is the delivery of Computing services over the Internet. The Cloud Data services stores Data in the cloud and shares across multiple users, who can easily modify the shared data as a group. To ensure the shared data integrity, users in the group need signatures on all data blocks .Due to Data modifications done by different users in the group, it is essential that the shared data blocks are to be signed by different users. Once a user is revoked from the group for security reasons, the existing user must be re-signed. This system proposes a public auditing procedure for the integrity of shared data which is performed by a third party auditor, with valuable user revocation. Instead of downloading and ReSigning the shared blocks by the existing user, we allow the cloud to Re-sign blocks by digital signature during user revocation. Also, our process supports batch auditing and maintain the data in the form of versions. Hence it improves the efficiency of user revocation, maintain the Data modifications history and the compatibility to retrieve the earlier versions. Also Cloud computing is completely about productivity, economy, and corporate agility. But there raises a question how we can commercially attain those benefits if their cloud management solution becomes inefficient, incomplete, and inflexible. Even though there are many aspects in cloud environment. Keywords: - Cloud computing, Data security, Internet, Key, cloud server, digital signature and encryption.

12-19

Authors: Hema M, Natchadalingam R

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Routing and Security are the main design issues for message delivery. Here we propose a new application-NEO WSN: Network Lifetime Enhancement with OSPFV3 Authentication Scheme that balance the entire sensor network energy consumption and thereby extend the sensor network lifetime. In our system Network Lifetime Enhancement with OSPFV3 Authentication Scheme for Security is proposed. The NEO Routing protocol provides shortest path for information routing and balance the energy using energy balance control parameter thereby growing the network lifetime. Then Open Shortest Path First version 3 IPSec ESP Encryption and authentication scheme provides security and integrity and confidentiality. Our theoretical analysis and NS2 simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol can provide an excellent tradeoff between routing efficiency, energy balance and can significantly extend the lifetime of the sensor networks in all scenarios. This method provides efficient routing and security for wireless sensor networks. Keywords: Routing, security, Energy efficiency, Energy Balance Parameter, Authentication, Simulation

23-29

Authors: -B.Sudha,Mr.S.ArunKumar

Securely maintaining log details over extended periods of time is very significant for the proper operations of any organization. The information about the log files often contains trustworthy information, secrecy and privacy of log records are constantly imperative. However, building a secure logging infrastructure involves more capital expenses that many organizations may find exhausted. Providing log management to the cloud appears to be a great cost saving measure. In this paper, we identify the goals for a secured cloud-based log management service and propose an infrastructure for doing the same. Keywords — Log Management, Cloud Computing,Encryption,Decryption,Authentication,vIntegrity.

36-39

Authors: Karthik N, S.Sivamohan

It’s not an easy work to strongly preserve all crucial data everywhere it has the need in countless applications for clients in the cloud server. To reservation of our information in cloud, it may not be fully honest because client doesn’t have duplicate of entire data in the cloud. Then some authors never tell us data honour over its user and CSP level by assessment of data earlier and later which is uploaded in cloud. Hence we have to found new projected system for this by our data analysis protocol algorithm to check the honour of data earlier the client and later data was inserted in cloud. The highly secured data tested by client earlier and later with the help of CSP with our actual programmed data analysis protocol from user as well as cloud equal into the cloud with honesty. Likewise we take planned the multiple server data assessment algorithm with the control of each updated data will be outsourced before equal for server repair access point for upcoming data recovery from the, am cloud data server. Our proposed scheme professionally checks integrity in effective way so that data integrity as well as safety can be continued in all belongings by seeing disadvantages of remaining approaches

45-50

Authors: Rejani.R Deepu,V. Krishnan

With the advancement of technology internet and various communication techniques that pass through it has grown in prominence each day. However along with this advancement has also grown the threat of hackers and malicious groups. There has been several passive and active attacks making the role of data security pretty important. Most of the time the data passed via internet might contain confidential or personal information which many people would want to be protected against attacks. Various data encryption algorithms has been developed to make sure that the data transmitted via internet is secure from any sort of hacking or attacks.Several cryptographic algorithms also have been developed for encryption and with each one having some advantages and disadvantages. This paper presents a detailed study of symmetric encryption/decryption algorithms and its advantages and disadvantages. Keywords:- Symmetric key Encryption, Symmetric key Decryption, Cipher Text, Plain Text, Cryptography, Crypt analysis, Key DES, AES, TDES, etc...

55-59

Authors: Vinodh Kumar.J, Sivamohan.S

Organizations outsource their database to service provides and there are concerns raised on data confidentiality and privacy of customer data. To avoid such apprehension, data are encrypted before it is farm out. Any software-based cryptographic methods deployed on server-side query to process encrypted data limits query expressiveness. Here a setup is initiated called Trusted DB which is an outsourced model that allows users to run their query with privacy and under regulatory norms by minimizing server load in significant query execution phase. Trusted DB does not limit query performance and the cost per query is orders of degree lower than any existing software-only mechanisms available. Keywords: Secure Co-Processor (SCPU) , tamper-proof , Trusted DB , homomorphism

66-71

Authors: Lakshmipriya.V, Praveena.V(Assistant Professor)

Cloud-assisted mobile health (mHealth) monitoring is a system, which applies the prevailing mobile communications and cloud computing technologies to provide feedback decision support. It has been considered as a revolutionary approach to improving the quality of healthcare service while lowering the healthcare cost. Unfortunately, it also come across a serious risk on both clients’ privacy and intellectual property of monitoring service providers, which may slowdown the wide adoption of mHealth technology. The aim of the paper is to address this important problem and design a cloud-assisted privacy preserving mobile health monitoring system to protect the privacy of the involved parties and their data. Moreover, the involved outsourcing decryption technique and a newly proposed key private proxy re encryption are adapted to shift the computational complexity of the involved parties to the cloud without compromising clients’ privacy and service providers’ intellectual property. Finally, the analysis on security and performance demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed design. Keywords: -Cloud computing, Data security, digital signature, encryption, Internet, Key and cloud server

81-86

Authors: S.Syeda Khatija kubra,P.murugan

Tuberculosis is the extreme disease noted in the world. HIV/AIDS patients have an immune system which is impaired and that has made an impact on the problem. In the case of Tuberculosis the probability of mortality rate is not zero. In order to reduce the mortality rate the AAM (Active Appearance Model) in which training and segmentation process is undergone is used in the existing system. It is a method used for processing and analyzing manually traced segmentation examples during an automated training stage. Information about Image appearance and shape of lung structure is contained in a single model. But the major drawback is this method is not robust against occlusion. If the parts are occluded then they obtained result is unreliable. To overcome this problem we propose a Robust PCA (RPCA) method. By using this method computational effort is reduced and accurate reconstruction is also obtained. The results shows greater advantage for showing accuracy and speed for any distributed data. Keywords: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Robust PCA (RPCA) , AAM(Active Appearance Model),Robust training and Reconstruction.

91-95

Authors: Priya.K, Mr.R.Jayaraj (Asst. Professor)

Social networks hosted by a website are graphs of people where edges connect friends. Friendship represents shared interest or trust. A Network consists of one or more Nodes it could be Persons, Organizations, Groups, and Nations, Web Connected by One or More Ties. Users of these sites do not have much control to avoid unwanted content to be displayed on their own private space called in general wall. Therefore a major task of today’s online social network is information filtering. To control the abused words posting on a wall using the concept of Content Based Message Filtering (CBMF) and Machine learning Technique. The more sophisticated approach to decide when a user should be inserted in to a Blacklist is implemented by the User feedbacks. The user has the option to suggest people to add in the Blacklist. The particular user then searched in the Blacklist database suppose if the user exists then she/he would be blocked. Also, if the user feedback is more than 50% to block the same user then the user will be blocked. Additionally, before the comment is made public on the post or share made by the user, they have the option to block or approve it. This concept avoids the usage of abused words in the content and dissatisfaction of comments. Keywords:- Online Social Network, Content based Message Filtering, Filtering Techniques

103-108

Authors: Ramkumar.G, S.P Maniraj (Assistant Professor)

Resist intruders and security related issue we must able to detects the intruder’s image. In this scenario set of images taken as input and stored in the database for reference in order to match the intruders face for face recognition system. Captured images data are corrupted in the database in case of different appearance and different variety of expression in person face. Existing approaches like as Eigen faces or state of the art and low rank matrix decomposition algorithm did not work effectively in case variety of expression and different appearance in the intruder’s face. To solve the existing issues in this paper we propose an intellect face recognition using component analysis with hankel decomposition algorithm Identifies required person images regardless of expression, look style, eye and hair and in a dull background environment. Finally refined ability is added in order to differentiate the person identity which improved face recognition performance.

114-120

Authors: S.N.Nandhini, Mr.R. Augustian Issac

Context representation and maximize power efficiency in mobile sensing applications require continuous data achievement and construal on more mobile sensor application level Existing model framework and inhomogeneous decreasing device battery lifetimes and it's operations put a heavy workload on the smart phone processor and sensor. Overcome from existing system in proposed using Fuzzy logic is an approach to novel context-inferring algorithms and generic framework designs that can help readers enhance existing between quality and price in mobile sensing applications, especially accuracy and power consumption. Proposed Focusing on a specific sensor to discover possible target applications in order to exploit contextual data. Proposed system providing an accurate user state framework model and more maximize power efficiency while the model operates on mobile sensor applications. Proposing developed the future of context-aware mobile sensing applications intends to generate and simplify a generic framework structure for user states. Keywords: - Mobile sensing, Energy efficiency, Context-awareness, Machine learning

128-141

Authors: Radhya Sahal, Sherif M. Khattab, Fatma A. Omara

The Virtual Design Advisor (VDA) has addressed the problem of optimizing the performance of Database Management System (DBMS) instances running on virtual machines that share a common physical machine pool. In this work, the search algorithm in the optimization module of the VDA is improved. An Exhaustive Greedy algorithm (EG) studies the effectiveness of tuning the allocation of the shared resources (the share values); and presents a mathematical analysis of the effect of the share values on reaching an optimal solution. Also, it studies the effect of the share values of resources on the feasibility and speed of reaching an optimal solution. On the other hand, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) heuristic is used as a controller of the greedy heuristic algorithm to reduce trapping into local optima. Our proposed algorithm, called Greedy Particle Swarm Optimization (GPSO), was evaluated using prototype experiments on TPC-H benchmark queries against PostgreSQL instances in Xen virtualization environment. Our results show that the GPSO algorithm required more computation but in many test cases succeeded to escape local optima and reduce the cost as compared to the greedy algorithm alone. Also, the EG search algorithm was faster than the GPSO algorithm when the search space of the share values grows. Keywords: - Virtualization, Resource Allocation, Particle Swarm Optimization, Greedy Search, Query Optimizer.

156-162

Authors: Manikandan.R, R.J.Poovaraghan

Authentication is the most common and essential Service of Information Security. User authentication protocol plays a vital role in payment schemes. The main concept of oPass is to free users from having to remember or type any passwords into conventional computers for authentication. Unlike generic user authentication, oPass involves a component which is used to generate one-time passwords and a communication channel, mail ids which is used to transmit authentication messages. In our opinion, it is difficult to thwart password reuse attacks from any scheme where the users have to remember something. We also state that the main cause of stealing password attacks is when users type passwords to untrusted public computers. In order to make the communication more secure, the user logins by providing the graphical password. This graphical password is stored in the database when the user registers his/her account. This graphical password is limited to a certain pixels. When the user logins, he/she has to provide the graphical password of the given pixels. If the graphical password provided matches with the password stored in database, then the user is recognized as an authorized user. Else the user’s access will be denied since he is an authorized person. We propose RACE, a Report-based payment scheme for MWNs. The nodes submit lightweight payment reports (instead of receipts) to the AC to update their credit accounts, and temporarily store undeniable security tokens called Evidences. The reports contain the alleged charges and rewards of different sessions without security proofs, e.g., signatures. The AC verifies the payment by investigating the consistency of the reports, and clears the payment of the fair reports with almost no cryptographic operations or computational overhead. For cheating reports, the Evidences are requested to identify and evict the cheating nodes that submit incorrect reports, e.g., to steal credits or pay less.

166-169

Authors: Sonal D Kalro, Meghashree B S, Prathiksha B G, Suhasini A,Dr.H D Phaneendra

A circuit board along with its electronic components mounted on its surface forms a Printed Circuit Board. A bare standard PCB without mounted components is scanned and compared with PCB to be inspected using image processing techniques and resultant image is checked for defected regions if found. Our focus is to examine every PCB for its defects. Keywords — PCB defects, Standard PCB Image, Image Processing, Inspected PCB Image.

1-7

Authors: Tejaswinee Ugale, Nikhil Patil, Lohit Lende

This is a system aiming to enable college member with mobile phone to share files with other members with an Android Phone and to share files when the mobile phone user and the PC user are both inside the home environment. Here we perform simulative performance evaluation of a mobile peer-to-peer file-sharing system, instant messaging, and notifications in wireless multi-homed systems. The user of the system can be a Principal, HOD, Staff and students who can share documents and files on the basis of peer to peer communication or one-to-many communication. The system also provides a way to schedule reminders on location basis and receive alerts/notification as per schedule location and time. The system defines a way of sharing files and messages in both indoor and outdoor environment. As a illustration let say that the staff wants to share a assignment sheet to the students. The staff simply needs to login to the system browse the file to share and select the group category and share. The assignments gets dropped in to the students account and the students immediately receives a alert that staff has shared assignment. The student then logins and can view the assignment. The systems also allows user to set reminders based on time and location. Personal task reminders have been indispensable for modern people,in order to remind them of their tasks at specific circumstances. Traditional paper-based reminders are still useful, but they cannot be organized efficiently. Electronic reminders based on the calendar in cell phones are more efficient and gaining popularity, but such reminders are mostly triggered by time. In many situations, tasks are only meaningful to be performed at a specific location, so it would be useful if reminders for those tasks can be triggered only when the person to be reminded is physically near or located at that location. Therefore, in this research, we develop a location-based personal task reminder for Android-based smartphones and tablets for indoor and outdoor environment Keywords —Wifi network, GSM Network, GPS network, Android application.

24-27

Authors: Vaishali Kumbhakarna,Vijaya R.Patil ,Dr.Seema Kawathekar

In medical image processing, for Ultrasound images, the noise can restrain information which is valuable for the Medical practitioner . Ultrasonic devices are frequently used by healthcare professionals. The use of ultrasound imaging in medical diagnosis is well established because of its noninvasive nature, low cost, capability of forming real time imaging and continuing improvement in image quality . The main problem during diagnosis is the distortion of visual signals .These distortions are termed as ‘Speckle Noise’, this makes the image unclear. In the medical literature, speckle noise is referred as “texture”. The success of ultrasonic examination depends on the image quality which is usually retarded due to speckle noise .Therefore, noise reduction is very important. In medical image processing, image denoising has become a very essential exercise all through the diagnose. In this review paper several techniques for effective suppression of speckle noise present in ultrasound images has been studied. Keywords:- medical imaging, ultrasound, speckle noise, wavelet thresholding

34-37

Authors: Miss.Thorat Ashwini Anil, Prof.Katariya S. S.

In this work, the proposed method is image resolution enhancement technique that generates better high resolution image. To decompose original low resolution image into different sub bands DWT technique is used. After this interpolation of three high frequency sub band images is done using bicubic interpolation. In order to correct estimated co-efficients high frequency sub bands of input image being incremented into interpolated high frequency sub bands which are obtained by SWT. Input image is also interpolated separately at the same time. An image is decomposes into different sub bands images using Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) like LL, LH HL and HH. Stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is another type of wavelet transform which is used for image processing applications but there is no use of down-sampling in SWT, so input image and sub bands are of same size. Keyword: DWT, IDWT, Interpolation, SWT

42-47

Authors: Ms. Apurva D. Dhawale, Prof. Dr. K. V. Kale

Biometrics deals with identification of individuals based on their biological or behavioral characteristics. Iris recognition is one of the newer biometric technologies used for personal identification. [1] This paper presents biometrics based Iris and palm print recognition system. Human iris is one of the most reliable biometric because of its uniqueness, stability and noninvasive nature. In this paper, an iris recognition system is presented with several steps. First, image pre-processing is performed. Then features are extracted from the iris image using Ridge Energy Detection Algorithm (RED) by filtering the normalized iris region. Finally two Iris Codes are compared and human identification is done. Palm print images are enhanced using preprocessing techniques such as morphological operations. The feature extraction technique of Harris feature extraction algorithm is used to extract features. These techniques are more reliable and faster than traditional techniques used. Experimental results shown recognition rate of 100% for iris and 100% for palm print. This implies that the proposed methodology has better performance and is more reliable over the techniques proposed and used earlier. Keywords — RED, Iris recognition, Pupil localization, Iris localization, Identification, Normalization, Harris features, Euclidean.

56-62

Authors: Galal Ali Hassaan , Nasser Abdul-Azim Mohammed

A mathematical model with 3D 10-DOF vehicle model is developed to simulate and study the effect of changing the suspension parameters (stiffness and damping coefficient) on the vehicle dynamics in case of a vehicle crossing a sinusoidal road hump. Lagrange’s equation is used to derive the equation of motion and system matrices and then MATLAB is used to solve the differential equation of motion by using the central difference method. The model includes 10 motions (10 DOF) and it can be used to reduce cost , time of trial and optimize the vehicle suspension parameters. The maximum bounce of the driver, passenger and vehicle-chassis increases by 85.1 %, 107.1 % and 64.5 % respectively as the vehicle speed increases from 25 to 50 % during crossing a sinusoidal hump. Keywords — Vehicle dynamics , Mathematical modelling , 10 DOF full-car model, Driver bounce, Passenger bounce, Chassis bounce.

69-74

Authors: Bhawna Gupta

Task scheduling in multiprocessor systems is one of the main factors of systems performance. In this paper, the problem of scheduling of tasks in Multiprocessor system is described as finding optimal sequence of the task (called schedule) such that makespan can be minimized. Finding the optimal solution of scheduling the tasks into the processors is NP- Complete. Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been developed as a powerful tool for solving constrained optimization problems. This paper presented the results of experimental comparison of six different combinations of crossover (i.e. PMX, OX and CX) and mutation (i.e. Insertion, Swap) operators and also analyzed the effect of varying the genetic control parameters(like population size, crossover fraction, No. of generations and elite count) on objective function for considered scheduling problem. Keywords- Multiprocessor task scheduling (MPTS), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Crossover, Mutation, Makespan, Genetic control parameters.

80-91

Authors: O. O. Ajayi , O. O. Aribike

In this paper, we describe the mathematical method we used to model and simulate the dynamics of a subsea umbilical. The subsea umbilical dynamics are modelled as a tensioned beam with hydrodynamic forces and other forces acting on it. The forces and moments acting on the umbilical were considered in 3-D (three-dimension) numerical form using the Newtonian method so as to obtain a model that will predict the motion of the umbilical cable in subsea environment. The derived model consists of three (3) uncoupled, non-linear, partial differential equations (i.e., a set of two 4th-order and one 2nd-order non-linear partial differential equations). The equations were non-dimensionalized and simulated using Mathematica. The results of the simulations are presented in this paper. Based on our simulation of the effect of tension on the subsea umbilical, we conclude that an increase in tension results in an increase in the frequency of oscillations of the umbilical cable in the normal and transverse directions keeping the effects of current/water forces constant. Keywords :- Subsea umbilical, boundary conditions, numerical model, hydrodynamic forces, tension and bending moments

98-100

Authors: Prof.S.S.Chaudhari,ChaitaleeAthare,AnushriGaikwad,SnehaShegar, PranaliWakchaure

This paper demonstrates the silent software installation and LAN control from our wireless handheld device i.e. mobile Phone. The software Installation can be performed without interaction of user and does not display any message or GUI during its progress of installation is called as Silent Unattended Installation.Silent unattended installation plays aimportant role when installing software over networks andtime is of immense importance because it does not require user interaction/interventionduring the process and usually skips the non important steps which are usually part ofinstaller wizards.In concern the computers are grouped together to form a network to manageand control activities of network while in office is an easy task,but while you are outstation/away from office to monitor andcontrolling of network instead of depending on third party information you can always have your cell phone serve thepurpose login anytime to application and see who is busy with what in the office. This paper is to provide the maximumdetails about the network to the administrator on their mobile phone, when administrator is away from office/goes out station. Keywords: - Autonomous installation, Silent unattended installation, Android, Wireless Media, Remote Monitoring & Control, Android based Mobile phone

107-112

Authors: Deepika Goyal, Mr. Deepak Kumar Xaxa(Assistant Professor)

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is a wireless communication mechanism. It is a collection of mobile nodes that have a dynamic infrastructure, due to its dynamic nature every node acts as a transmitter and receiver. MANET is capable of self configuring ,this unique feature make it ideal in various application like military use and emergency situation like medical ,natural disaster etc. Due to open medium and wide distribution of node, MANET is susceptible to malicious attackers thus there is a need to develop IDS (Intrusion Detection System) in order to protect MANET from attacks as security is of highest concern. However many IDS has been proposed by researchers to detect malicious (misbehaving) node in mobile adhoc network .All IDS will demonstrate its performance in terms of routing overhead and packet delivery ratio. The main objective of this paper is to observe and analyze the performance of Watchdog, TwoAck, AACK and EAACK. The result will provide positive performances against malicious node detection, however EAACK will demonstrate higher malicious detection rate in certain circumstances as compares to other IDS while does not greatly affecting the network performance. Keywords:-EAACK, Digital signature, MANET, Intrusion Detection system

121-125

Authors: N.Jeyakumar,M.Thangasivagamaselvi

Secure steganographic algorithms hide confidential messages within other, more extensive data (carrier media). An attacker should not be able to find out, that something is embedded in the steganogram (i. e., a steganographically modified carrier medium). The existing distortion functions are minimal distortion function is used for both side-informed and non-side-informed secure JPEG steganography. UED tries to spread the embedding modification uniformly to quantized discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of all possible magnitudes and achieves statistical detectability. The inappropriate use of DC and zero AC coefficients in JPEG steganography may lead to additional block artifacts in stego image and decrease in the efficiency of JPEG compression. That is why the most existing JPEG steganography schemes use only non-zero AC coefficients as possible cover elements to make the embedding naturally content-adaptive. In our proposed system, certain DC and zero AC coefficients in the texture regions could indeed be incorporated to further data embedding without decreasing, even increasing the security performance. It is proposed to embed the payload while minimizing a suitably defined distortion function. The embedding distortion is computed as a sum of relative changes of coefficients in a cover image. Keywords: Uniform Embedding Distortion (UED), JPEG Steganography

134-141

Authors: Chergui Meriyem, Sayouti Adil, Medromi Hicham

This article aims at building ontology based on COBIT Framework named: “AuditOntology”, to be used in an IT Governance solution, through this implementation, IT Governance Ontology building process will be proposed in order to be used for other frameworks Ontologies. In fact, the ontological meta-modelling is nowadays, a necessity for every discipline to share concepts and terms and to annotate information. It clarifies knowledge structure for better understanding of domain vocabulary and entities relationship. Ontologies are often made for reasoning purposes; there engineering benefits are about stakeholders’ communication, systems interoperability and reusability. Till now, there is no IT Governance ontology with a scientific foundation to be deployed on AI software solutions or conceptual modelling so the main goal of this work is to propose ontology based on COBIT Framework in Web Ontology Language using particular life cycle steps. Keywords:-COBIT, Ontology, OWL, semantic web, meta- modelling, IT-Governance, Audit, Information System

151-157

Authors: Galal Ali Hassaan

Optimal synthesis of mechanisms is a successful approach for mechanism design to satisfy all the desired characteristics of the designed mechanism. The crank – slider mechanism has wide industrial applications and providing an offset feature provides a design with a stroke greater than its crank length and a time ratio greater than one. The optimal design problem in this case is a constrained multi-dimensional problem. Powell optimization technique is used to minimize a special objective function combining the mechanism stroke and time ratio. 2 functional constraint functions are used for the minimum and maximum transmission angle of the mechanism. The optimal results are fitted in a proper nonlinear model relating the normalized mechanism dimensions to the normalized stroke and time ratio. A comparison is conducted between the optimal design and the non-optimal one illustrating the advantages of the optimal approach. Keywords:- Kinematic synthesis of planar mechanisms, offset crank-slider mechanism, optimal synthesis, computer applications.

1-6

Authors: Rupinder kaur, Shruti Aggarwal

--With faster rate of depletion of fossil fuels the world has now started to greatly depend on renewable sources of energy. Wind energy is undoubtedly one of the most effective weapons to handle the situation. In this paper efforts have been taken to optimize the wind energy generation by induction generator using an embedded based controller. This paper involves a controller design which amalgamates two key functions viz. automatic voltage regulation and frequency control .The automatic voltage regulator is incorporated with the help of flux control. The proposed controller regulates the excitation current of the induction generator to regulate the generated three phase voltage. The reactive power balance of the system can be maintained within tolerable limits by using VAR condensers which is switched accordingly by the embedded controller. The frequency control can be implemented by adjusting the wind turbine pitch according to the wind inrush by measuring the wind speed. The controller provides control pulses to actuate stepper motor suitably which drives the blade to orient itself appropriately .A simulation model is also developed to illustrate this control strategy. The wind is simulated by considering the average wind characteristic

12-17

Authors: Lalit Kumar Saini, Vishal Shrivastava

A wide range of database applications are manage the time-varying data. In existing database technology gives the little support for managing such a time-varying data. The research area for temporary databases aims to change the state of affairs by characterizing the of temporal data and providing large and effective ways to model, store, and query the temporal data. This paper provides a brief introduction to temporal database research system. It concisely introduces fundamental temporal database concepts, surveys state-ofthe-art solutions to challenging aspects of temporal data management, and also offers a look into the future of temporal database research.

21-26

Authors: Dr. Zubair Khan1, Ashish Kumar2, Sunny Kumar

The purpose of this essay is to implement and study different techniques for solving Sudoku puzzles, a problem similar to graph coloring with fixed size and dependencies. Three approaches are presented and compared regarding efficiency (time needed, space required and success rate). These approaches are rule-based solving, simulated annealing, and searching for solutions. Finally the parts found to be most important for an efficient solver are combined, creating an even better solve. Sudoku puzzles involve a lot of mathematics. Of course, the puzzles are filled with numbers, but the solution process would be the same regardless of the symbols used. More interesting is the logic behind the solution process, which can provide extra satisfaction upon solving a puzzle (with a lot less erasing). In addition, the puzzles are examples of Latin squares–important in abstract algebra and in statis- tics, in experimental design

1-6

Authors: Manoj Kumar Sah, Vishal Garg

Object oriented programming has become a very important programming paradigm. Object oriented programming languages supports the classes, Inheritance, Encapsulation and polymorphism. This takes a detailed look at different types of Inheritance. OOPs come into existence in 1960s through the Simula [1] language. Inheritance is one of the cornerstones of OOP because it allows the creation of hierarchical classifications. Using inheritance, we can create general class that defines traits common to a set of related items. This class may then be inherited by other, more specific classes, each adding only those things that are unique to the inheriting class. When a class inherits another, the members of the base class become members of the derived class. Index Terms—About Base class, Derived class, Inheritance, Reusability, Private, Public, and Protected

14-18

Authors: Gurpreet Kaur,Narinder Sharma

The Power dissipation in conventional CMOS circuits can be minimized through adiabatic technique. By adiabatic technique dissipation in PMOS network can be minimized and some of energy stored at load capacitance can be recycled instead of dissipated as heat. But the adiabatic technique is highly dependent on parameter variation.With the help of TANNER simulations, the energy consumption is analyzed by variation of parameter. In analysis, two logic families, ECRL (Efficient Charge Recovery Logic) and PFAL (Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic) are compared with conventional CMOS logic for inverter. It is finding that adiabatic technique is good choice for low power application in specified frequency range. Keywords: Adiabatic, VLSI, T-SPICE,Inverter and NAND using CMOS, ECRL and PFAL

28-33

Authors: Gurpreet Kaur,Narinder Sharma

Multiplexer’s square measure is a typical building block for data-paths, and is used extensively in a variety of applications together with the processors. In this paper authors have proposed a 4:1 multiplexer using PFAL and ECRL adiabatic logic design technique and compared with the Conventional CMOS Multiplexer. The basic approaches that we used for reducing energy/power dissipation in conventional CMOS circuits include varying the rise time and full time, on decreasing frequency and minimize the switching activities with efficient charge recovery logic. The Adiabatic switching technique based upon the energy recovery principle is one of the techniques which is widely used to achieve low power VLSI design circuits. In the following paper, the power dissipation of various adiabatic circuits is calculated and then simulated using TANNER tool. Keywords:Adiabatic,ECRL,PFAL,T-SPICE, 4:1 Multiplexer Using ECRL and PFAL.