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Review of Morbidity Profiles and Drug Prescribing Patterns of a University Clinic in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: *1,4Abdulgafar O. Jimoh, 4Ibraheem Omar, 2Iyabo M. Adebisi, 4,5Zuwaira Sani, 3Aminu Bello, 3Sani B. Abubakar, 2Tijjani Rabiu, 1,4Adamu A. Adamu and 2Edith G. Odoh
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Figures about commonly managed ailments including the drug use pattern, data on morbidity profiles and the disease burden of a health institution are of critical importance in day to day decision making on where best to divert resources, planning and policy formulation. This study is aimed at describing the morbidity profile of the patients seen, managed and applying the WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators to measure the performance of health care providers in drug prescribing practices in the Health Services Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria within the period of January to December 2011. This is a cross sectional, descriptive study by design. A total number of 7855 drugs were prescribed from January to December 2011. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.6 only. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 4139 (69.9%), Percentage encounter with antibiotics and injections prescribed was 1203 (55.2%) and 217(10.01%) respectively, and percentage of drugs prescribed from the essential drug list was 5718(96.1%) only. Artemisinin based combination therapies (ACTs) was the most employed combination mode of malaria treatment in the clinic accounting for about 89.6% of all prescribed antimalarial, Penicillins were the most (44.53%) prescribed antibiotic. Out of the 11074 patients’ records that met the inclusion criteria 1518, 3305, 6241 of the patients were seen and treated in the months of January, July and October respectively. Malaria alone accounted for 5845 (52.8%)of the cases seen and treated, and ranked as the most frequent morbidity, Respiratory tract infections, both upper and lower came a relatively distant second, followed by gastrointestinal and skin and soft tissue diseases ranking as the third and fourth respectively . In conclusion the findings in this study revealed that malaria, gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin diseases were the four leading causes of morbidity in the university clinic. Artemether-Lumefantrine, Penicillins and Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs accounted for the highest number of drugs prescribed. The core prescribing indicators measured in this study were not in consonance with standard reference values. There is a need for training and retraining of health care service providers.
Keywords: Morbidity, Prescribing, University clinic, Sokoto-Nigeria.