INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

231-235

Authors: Satpute SB and Vanmare DJ

The chemical profile of Datura stramonium L. was characterized by using HRLC-MS spectra. The relative concentrations of various compounds getting eluted as a function of retention time gives in chromatogram. The relative concentration of the bioactive compounds present in the plants was indicated by the height of peak. The mass spectrometer analyzes the compounds eluted at different times to identify the nature and structure of the compounds. These mass spectra are fingerprint of that compound which can be identified from the data library. This report is the first of its kind to analyze the bioactive compounds of Datura stramonium L. using HRLC-MS. The results are relevant to HRLC-MS analysis of methanolic leaf extract of Datura stramonium L. spectrum profile (fig. 1) gives presence of 100 compounds. Out of that 25 major compounds confirmed on the basis of their retention time, molecular formula and mass. The phytochemical study of Datura stramonium L. using HRLC-MS indicates the presence of fatty acids, organic compounds, phenolics, alkaloids, phytoharmone, coenzyme, aminopyrimidines, dipeptide and tripeptides like important metabolites in these leaves. These results suggested to do further investigations which may lead to the development of drug formulation.

241-245

Authors: Tamlurkar HL

In India different type of fish's culture activity is done, one of the types of fish culture is culture of Indian major carps, which is mostly used as food. In India Indian major carps are culture on large scale in the pond and reservoir. The investigation of feeding habits of Indian major carp is helpful in the aquaculture practices for getting economical production. The study on the feeding habits of Indian major carp is less attempted, especially in Nizamabd region. Present study is an attempt to elucidate the feeding habits of the carp, viz. Catla catla (Ham), Labeo rohita (Ham), and Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) from Nizamabd region in relation to available food and the utilization of the food consumed. The study was carried out during the month of October 2017 to February 2018. The samples were collected from nearby dams and brought to the laboratory for further investigation.

251-254

Authors: Pawar SK

In present investigation of Ichthyofauna diversity fishes have been studied from Ghagardara dam in month of June 2016 to May 2017. The Ghagardara dam is Kandhar Taluka in Nanded District, Maharashtra. Ghagardara dam is an earthen pond 315 m in length with maximum height 19.84 m. Full tank level (FTL) 468.70 m and maximum water level (M.W.L.) 471.20 m. The water of dam is one of the most important aquatic resources. The water of dam is used irrigation, fish culture and drinking purposes. The population of fishes is found in abundance and majority of the fishes are exploited for human consumption. About 16 fish species belonging to 05 order and 06 families were recorded during study. The sustainable management and utilization of this dam water is discussed for diversity, fisheries.

181-198

Authors: Gupta Swaroopa Rani N

Over centuries, Gold nano particles have been used by artists due to the vibrant colors produced by their interaction with visible light. Optical property of Gold nano particles is utilized in various technological applications, such as sensory probes, organic photo voltaic, catalysis, electronic conductors, therapeutic agents, medical applications, and drug delivery. The electronic as well as optical properties of nano particles of gold such as surface chemistry, size, shape, etc. can be fine tuned and used accordingly. Colloidal gold is a sol or colloidal suspension of submicrometre-size nanoparticles of gold in a fluid, usually water. The liquid is usually either an intense red colour (for particles less than 100 nm) or blue/purple (for larger particles). Due to the unique optical, electronic, and molecular-recognition properties of gold nanoparticles, they are the subject of substantial research, with applications in a wide variety of areas, including electron microscopy, electronics, nanotechnology, and materials science. The properties of colloidal gold nanoparticles, and thus their applications, depend strongly upon their size and shape. For example, rod like particles have both transverse and longitudinal absorption peak, and anisotropy of the shape affects their self-assembly. The synthesis of colloidal gold was crucial to the 4th-century Lycurgus Cup, which changes color depending on the location of light source. Later it was used as a method of staining glass. During the Middle Ages, soluble gold, a solution containing gold salt, had a reputation for its curative property for various diseases. Modern scientific evaluation of colloidal gold did not begin until Michael Faraday's work in the 1850s. Faraday recognized that the color was actually due to the miniature size of the gold particles. He noted the light scattering properties of suspended gold microparticles, which is now called Faraday-Tyndall effect. With advances in various analytical technologies in the 20th century, studies on gold nanoparticles has accelerated. Advanced microscopy methods, such as atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy, have contributed the most to nanoparticle research. Due to their comparably easy synthesis and high stability, various gold particles have been studied for their practical uses. Different types of gold nanoparticle are already used in many industries, such as medicine and electronics. For example, several FDA-approved nanoparticles are currently used in drug delivery. Generally, gold nanoparticles are produced in a liquid ("liquid chemical methods") by reduction of chloroauric acid (H[AuCl4]). After dissolving H[AuCl4], the solution is rapidly stirred while a reducing agent is added. This causes Au3+ ions to be reduced to Au+ions. Then a disproportionation reaction occurs whereby 3 Au+ ions give rise to Au3+ and 2 Au0 atoms. The Au0 atoms act as center of nucleation around which further Au+ ions gets reduced. To prevent the particles from aggregating, some sort of stabilizing agent that sticks to the nanoparticle surface is usually added. This paper focuses review on Applications of gold nanoparticles in medical research which includes in vitro assays, cancer therapy, drug delivery, tumor detection, gene therapy, photothermal agents, radiotherapy dose enhancer, detection of toxic gas, gold nanoparticle based biosensor, optical biosensor, electrochemical biosensor and applications of gold nanoparticles in cosmetics. Paper also deals with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images and FTIR spectra of Gold Bhasma medicine. This research, along with better regulation and reporting, will enable consumers to choose products with confidence. This in turn will allow companies to benefit from these novel technologies in the long term while retaining customer confidence. There are a lot of cosmetics companies that have been using gold nanoparticles in different products such as Day and Night creams, eye serums, and facial masks. The cosmetics industry has discovered multiple positive effects of gold nanoparticles, and the gold infused products has gained popularity due to its luxury appeal and effective therapeutic effects. The nanoparticles can also aid the faster delivery of vitamins and minerals to the skin, as it is in the smallest and most perfect form to stimulate the blood circulation in the skin with a gentle massage in its application. Gold has always been known to aid in healthy skin cell regeneration, especially in its nanoparticle form. They can gently stimulate the skin cells for a better cell renewal, which in turn gives the skin better elasticity and also improves the skin tone. Morphological graphs of the Gold Bhasma medicine samples are provided by scanning electron microscopy (Digital Scanning Electron Microscope - JSM 6100 - JEOL) with a Link analytical system operating at 15 KV (acceleration voltage) and transmission electron microscope (Transmission Electron Microscope, Hitachi H-7500, 120 kV). Scanning Electron Microscope images of Gold Bhasma medicine shows that the material mainly consisted of spherical to dumbbell shaped particles with 5–10 μm in diameter, and has a smaller aggregated particle size. Although the majority of material consists of micrometer grains, smaller particles with nanoscale (10–20 nm) are also present in the TEM images. Transmission Electron Microscope images of Gold Bhasma medicine shows that the material mainly consisted of spherical to dumbbell sized particles with 10–20 nm in diameter, and has a smaller aggregated particle size. Investigations well confirm the presence of gold particles with nanometric size between 10 and 20 nm. FTIR can be routinely used to identify the functional groups and identification/quality control of raw material/finished products. FTIR spectra of Gold Bhasma medicine is obtained at room temperature by using an FTIR SPECTROPHOTOMETER - Perkin Elmer - Spectrum RX-IFTIR. The spectra is collected in a range from 450 to 4000 cm− 1. Interpretation of FTIR Spectra of Gold Bhasma medicine shows presence of various functional groups such as Alkane - Ethyl, n - propyl, tertiary butyl; Alcohols - Secondary CH–OH; Aromatic – Monosustituted Benzene , Ortho disustituted Benzene , Meta disustituted Benzene , Vicinal trisustituted Benzene.

151-156

Authors: Pokale SS

Continuing research and advancement in technology shall be promoted to address issues in the water sector in a scientific manner. Water is the most efficient source on earth. Water is the basic input of plants and also important to animals who survive the life. Plants requires 50- 75% of water while animals requires 65%. Rainfall is the source of water resource. India has been irregular and as an average rainfall. The topography of Maharashtra shows that 20% hilly with slopes greater than 15% called as run off zone, 30% includes valleys with slope less than 5 to 15% called as Recharge zone. As per increasing level of population, urbanization, industrialization and decreasing level of tree land and global warming; water resource levels are decreasing suddenly. The total rechargeable fresh ground water resources are 33.93 BCM and only 17.18 BCM current withdrawals. Out of the 1531 watersheds, 76 are overexploited, 4 critical, 100 semi- critical and 4 poor quality. We have to urgent need to recharge or manage the water sources artificially by Gully plug, Contour bunds, Gabion Structure, Percolation tanks, Dams/ Cement plug, Nala bunds, Sub surface Dyke methods and conserve easily. So it is very important to recharge the ground water as well surface water resource and this is a new cycle to preserve and management of Water Resource.

35-39

Authors: Tijare Rajendra V and Shastrakar Avinash J

The Chandrapur district is located between 19.30’ N to 20.45’N Latitude and 78.46’E longitude at the eastern part in Vidharbha region of the Maharashtra state. The district is more popular for the coal mines, thermal power station and Tadoba -Andhari National sanctuary. Asolamendha lake is manmade lake leased for fish culture and situated near to Pathari village of district. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of zooplankton was carried out during June 2010 to May 2012 as a part of the live food of cultured fishery of this lake. Rotifers were dominant among the zooplankton population during this two year study. The population of Rotifers was observed maximum in winter season while minimum in monsoon season, during the study period. In all 10 families belonging 14 genera and 27 species of rotifers were recorded among which family Brachionidae was dominant in Asolamendha Lake.

43-53

Authors: Advait Bhagade

Bioaccumulation kinetics and bioconcentration factors (BCF) of the Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) PCB 126 and PCB 169 in tissues of fish Rasbora daniconius were studied in detail using a continuous fed system. The process of bioconcentration is summarized using a first order uptake model. The steady state BCF is calculated on the basis of exposure of fish to the PCBs for 30 days. The rate of bioaccumulation was found to be maximum of 64.68 μg g-1 wet weight for PCB 126 and 7.12 μg g-1 wet weight for PCB 169 respectively in gill tissue in Rasbora daniconius. The regression coefficient (R2) between the PCB concentration and exposure time varied between 0.532 and 0.994, indicating good to high correlation. Based on actual calculated BCF values, the Octanol water partition coefficient (Kow) values were predicted. In order to prove the hydrophobic property of PCB compounds and their affinity towards lipid, the Kow is predicted. Results showed that the PCB burden differs from one tissue to another and that it is possible to correlate the same with the lipid content of the tissue and exposure time in case of either PCB.

77-84

Authors: Gathe NS, Wankhade RA, Bobade AF, Wasnik US, Kadu SR

The medicinal plants are almost the exclusive source of drugs for majority of world population today. People want to use herbal drugs because they are considered as safe, inexpensive and have no adverse effects. Plants are also very useful because they can self-generate and can produce a range of beneficial bioactive products. The leaves of Murraya koenigii are use as tonic, stomachic, carminative, internally in dysentery, vomiting. Used as anti-helminthil, analgesic, cures piles, allays heat of the body, thirst, inflammation and itching. A scrutiny of literature reveals some notable pharmacological activities of the plant such as activity on heart, anti diabetic and cholesterol reducing property, antimicrobial activity, antiulcer activity, antioxidative property, cytotoxic activity, anti diarrhea activity, phagocytic activity and many more medicinal values. The present study was aimed to isolate photochemical constituents from Murraya Koenigii showing antioxidant properties. Total 12 compounds were isolated which include Cyclopentanol, à-Pinene, cyclohexyl butyl ester, á-Phellandrene, (-)-Spathulenol, Dibutyl phthalate, α –Sitosterol, 13-Docosenamide, Benzenemethanimine, 1-(3-Methoxy-2-nitrobenzyl) isoquinoline, Tetratriacontane, Vitamin E.

96-102

Authors: Gupta Swaroopa Rani N

Oriflames Bioclinic skin care products utilizes Cell Innov technology which combines 3 advanced skin-lifting actives- Pure Retinol, Hyaluronic Acid, and Contraction peptide. These work on a cellular level to repair and regenerate the skin’s natural defence mechanisms. With this skin appears visibly lifted. No-spot technology clears pores and targets acne prone skin. Acne in adults is often caused by stress and hormonal fluctuation. Bioclinic Adult Skin Anti-Breakout featuring Centella Asiatica and Salicylic Acid reduces white/black heads, targets pimples, and fades away post-blemish scars. No-Spot technology with non comedogenic ingredients does not clog pores. No –Spot featuring best anti-adult breakout actives are Centella, Tamanu Oil and Salicylic Acid. This review attempts to guide the reader between the various Oriflames Bioclinic skin care products and their benefits, with a particular focus on Bioclinic Lifting Super Rich Repair Night Cream. Paper also deals with FTIR spectra of Bioclinic Lifting Super Rich Repair Night Cream. This research, along with better regulation and reporting, will enable consumers to choose products with confidence. This in turn will allow companies to benefit from these novel technologies in the long term while retaining customer confidence. FTIR can be routinely used to identify the functional groups and identification/quality control of raw material/finished products. FTIR spectra of Bioclinic Lifting Super Rich Repair Night Cream is obtained at room temperature by using an FTIR Spectrophotometer - Perkin Elmer - Spectrum RX-IFTIR. The spectra is collected in a range from 650 to 4000 cm− 1. Interpretation of FTIR Spectra of Bioclinic Lifting Super Rich Repair Night Cream shows presence of various functional groups such as Alcohols - Secondary CH–OH; Alkane - Iso - propyl, Tertiary butyl, Ethyl, n-propyl; Aldehydes - Aliphatic Aldehydes –CH2CHO, Aromatic Aldehydes – CHO; Ketones - Aromatic Ketones - –CO– C; Amines (cont) – –NH–R; Amines - –NH2, >CH–NH2.

106-108

Authors: Chavhan SB and Jogadand SM

In this paper, have study useful results of half canonical sine transform of generalized function.Also given that definition of testing function,and use ful results for that transform like Time Reverse Property, Parity Linearity Property Addition property Separability.

114-116

Authors: Munde Bhaskar S*

In doped ZnO thin films with different In content were deposited on glass substrates at 400 °C by spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of Indium doping on the electrical and optical properties of ZnO films was investigated. The optical transmission spectra recorded in the wavelength range from 300 to 900 nm. The dark electrical resistivity of these samples was measured in the temperature range 300 to 550 K. the electrical resistance was found to be decreased to 6.3 x 10-3 (Ω-cm) for 3% In doping.

120-122

Authors: Munde Bhaskar S*

Indium doped ZnO thin films were prepared by simple and cost effective chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of In doping (1 at% to 4 at %) on the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensing properties were studied. the In: ZnO sensors shows different responses for different nanostructures. The LPG response is higher at an optimum operating temperature of the film and it is lower on either side of operating temperature. The response and recovery times of the Indium doped ZnO films were enhanced significantly compared to those reported for ZnO films. The response of 3% In doped ZnO film to LPG is considerable than that others.

126-128

Authors: Bhaskar S. Munde

The influence of dopant precursor (Indium) concentration on Ethanol sensing properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) was studied by fabricating Indium (In) doped ZnO thin films with various In concentration, using spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of In doping (1 at% to 4 at %) on Ethanol sensing properties were studied. The In: ZnO sensors show different responses for different nanostructures. The Ethanol response is higher at an optimum operating temperature of the film and it is lower on either side of operating temperature. The response of 3% In doped ZnO film to Ethanol is considerable than that others.

133-136

Authors: Pawar SK

The present study was conducted to assess the Physico-chemical Parameters of Karadkhed dam water of Deglur Taluka in Nanded district Maharashtra, India, during the year June 2016 to May 2017. Analysis was performed on 08 different parameters. The monthly Variation in the physical and chemical parameters such as water temperature pH Total Hardness, Calcium Magnesium, Chloride, Phosphate and Nitrate. Were investigated. All the parameter was beyond on the permissible limits. Aquatic ecosystem monitoring has been carried out in India based on either chemical or biological analysis. The result revealed that there were significant seasonal variations in some physico-chemical parameters and most of the parameters were in the normal range and indicated better qualify of dam water.