Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology

4-15

Authors: Amena Zehra Ali, Farah Iqbal

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Sexual Abuse on Attachment Styles in future relationships of women. It was hypothesized that: (i) “Sexually abused women will have more attachment related anxiety as compared to the non- abused women.” (ii) “Sexually abused women will have more attachment related avoidance as compared to the non- abused women.” An adaption of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R: Fraley, Waller & Brennan, 2000) was administered on a sample of 100 young women (50 abused women and 50 non- abused women), with ages ranging from 16-21 years, to measure attachment related anxiety and attachment related avoidance. The unrelated t-test was applied for the analyses. The results indicated a significant difference (t (98) = 9.917, p<.01, d=1.983) on the attachment related anxiety between the two groups, but no significant difference was found (t (98) =1.366, p>.05, d=0.273) on the attachment related avoidance.

34-55

Authors: Sonia Mairaj Malik, Amna Shahid, and Fariha A. Khan

Purpose of this study is to determine the longitudinal effect of Walt Disney animated cartoons on the emotional intelligence of the youth. Study examined the difference of Emotional Intelligence in Regular Disney Watchers and Non-Disney Watchers among the university students of Karachi and the study also determine the gender differences in Emotional Intelligence scores of the young adults (only Disney Watchers) of Karachi. Data collection was done using a consent form, demographic information, Walt Disney checklist and Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSREIT). The data was statistically analyzed by using the SPSS software package and t-test was used to calculate the results. Results reveal that Most Regular Disney Watchers (N=34) of Karachi scored higher on Emotional Intelligence than the Non-Disney Watchers (N=33) (Significance level 0.05). Gender comparison was done within the Disney Watchers (N=179). No significant difference was noted in total Emotional Intelligence scores of Male Disney Watchers (n=87) and Female Disney Watchers (n=92). Same was the result for all subcomponents except for the scale of Managing Others Emotions, in which a significant difference was noted between the scores of Male Disney Watchers and Female Disney Watchers (Significance level 0.05).

4-31

Authors: Naila Usman Siddiqui, Sobia Shahzad, Nabeel Zubairi, Kauser Ishaq.

This study examines opinions and practices of families; migrating from rural Pakistan to get settled in Karachi. The main objective of this study was to observe the shift in family type; i.e. from extended or joint to nuclear family system, patterns of decision making authority among husband and wife, economic satisfaction over time and education of children. Sample of 115 families was selected; out of 115, 60 families migrated from rural area to Karachi 20 years back while 55 families migrated in last 10 or 15 years. Basic assumption of this study was to check impact of urbanization on these families. Urbanization is the movement of people from rural areas to cities and from small cities to larger ones (Spencer, 1990). Sociologist Louis Wirth (1928, 1938) argued that a relatively large and permanent settlement leads to distinctive pattern of behaviour, which he called urbanism (Schaefer, 1999). Findings of the study showed a slight shift in the type of family from extended to nuclear and in satisfaction with the economic condition. No significant shift was observed in patterns of decision making authority of husband. Instead, more than half of the migrated respondents admitted having egalitarian authority and decision making shared by both husband and wife.

46-62

Authors: Rahila Khan, Uzma Khatoon

The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of the counselling program implemented at APS-COD, Karachi, Pakistan in 2008, which was an integrated and on-going process. The research sample comprised of 330 students of classes VIII, IX, X, parents who were involved in the implementation of counselling strategies and all the teachers from four sections i.e. Pre-school, Junior school, Middle school and Senior school. Survey method was used to gather data by using self-constructed questionnaire forms. Results indicate that school counseling program is effective for the teachers, students and parents. Both teachers and students are highly satisfied with the availability of the student counselor. Teachers found counseling services highly beneficial for the enhancement of class room management skills and improvement in communication skills whereas students find themselves more competent and confident in dealing with academic issues.

4-18

Authors: Muazzama Abidi, Irfan Shahzad.

The present study explores the effects of shyness on the adjustment of high school children. The findings of the study can be applied in educational settings. It can be support for teachers to understand the phenomenon among students which create adjustment problems. For this purpose, two scales were used i.e., Shyness Questionnaire (Yasmeen, 2005) for measuring Shyness level and Bell Adjustment Inventory (Bell, 1934) for measuring different types of adjustment. Shyness questionnaire was in Urdu whereas Bell Adjustment Inventory was in English and both had highly satisfactory reliability. There were 150 school children and the age range was 13-15years. There were 75 girls and 75 boys in the present study. The main hypothesis of the present study was that shyness has no differential effect on home and health adjustment but there was significance linear increase in social and emotional adjustment. Results also support this hypothesis that shyness has no effects on home and health adjustment but effects social and emotional adjustment of school children. Other hypothesis proved that girls are shyer as compared to boys and nuclear family children are shyer as compared to extended family system children.

43-66

Authors: Bint e Zehra, Gul e Zehra Abbas.

This research aims to investigate the degree of difference in the performance of trained and untrained teachers of English in private secondary Schools of Karachi. This area of investigation has been chosen to ascertain the significance of teacher training in the teaching learning process. The research assesses the performance of ten trained and ten untrained English teachers working at six local schools. The research data is based upon classroom observation, though the informants have been interviewed for the purposes of triangulation. The analysis of the results suggests that in some cases the trained teachers are better than the untrained ones, while in others it is vice versa. The study clarifies certain beliefs and misconceptions such as, only those who are fluent in English can teach the subject etc. The study highlights the relationship between the linguistic and pedagogic competence of the teachers, and the influence of teacher training on them. Many writers use the terms ‘teacher education’, and ‘teacher training’ interchangeably. However, these terms can be distinguished.