Psicogente

Authors, Scientific talent, Factors of personality.

Authors: CARMELINA PABA BARBOSA

The present study is centered in the identification and characterization about students with scientific talent of the University of The Magdalena. The selection of the sample was made under the postulation by the investigators, teachers and partners, besides the members of the Program of young researcher and students with distinguished average academic. A psychological evaluation and an interview were used to collect the information. The taste was 27 students: 18 students with superior characteristics with deep interest and aptitudes toward the investigation and 9 with potential toward the investigation. The results obtained in this investigation allowed an approximation to the characterization of these students with the purpose to make a theoretical, methodology and practice base on this group. Beside it will allow the formulation of an intervention proposal that promotes the qualification and the development of their potentialities.

36-50.

Authors: LUIS FERNANDO SABOGAL TINOCO* EBLIN BARRAZA HERAS, AUDREY HERNÁNDEZ CASTELLAR, LAURA ZAPATA

This article shows the results of a research which aim was to check the reliability and validity of Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ SF: Garcia, Mckeachie & Wilbert, 1998). The sample was 630 students of Health Science Program of a Public University. 32% are male gender and 67,46% are female. The age range is between 16 and 56 years, with an average of 21 years and a standard deviation of 21 years. The results confirm the factor structure of the test with some variations for the CMEA FC, as a suitable reliability. Therefore, we concluded that the questionnaire is suitable for measuring the cognitive strategies and motivational aspects involved in learning.

67-75

Authors: CINDY FRANCO MEJÍA, SANDRA GUTIÉRREZ AGUDELO, ENNYSROYS PEREA

This article describes the results of the research that established the association between depression and academic achievement in undergraduate students. The design used was the cross-sectional descriptive for which was taken a probability sample of students in a public university. Depression in recent fifteen days was determined with the Zung scale for short depression (cut-off point 22/40) and the perception of academic performance during the last month was investigated by VESPA survey question. It was estimated association by calculating the ratio of opportunity (OR), it was adjusted for other variables by logistic regression. The presence of depression was identified in 155 students and (42,2%) and low or poor academic performance in 101 students (26,2%). We found a relationship statistically significant relationship between depression and fair or poor academic performance (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.9 - 5.0), adjusted for sex and semester (goodness of fit Hosmer-Lemeshow X2 = 1.89, df = 6, p = 0.757). We concluded there is a significant relationship between depression and fair or poor academic performance in students of a public university in Santa Marta City

90-99.

Authors: ROSA BENIGNA BRITO REYES, ZORAIDA MARÍA AROCA SANTIAGO*

This research paper is centered in the Social Representations of the Poverty in a group of subject of the city Santa Marta. The study was Descriptive and the method of Prototypical Analysis and for categories of the Social Representation was used. 100 subjects participated in the study; they were men and women bigger than age. 400 words or sentences were produced in this study which 158 were different, for an average of 1,6 different words by subject of the sample. The core of the Social Representation of Poverty was: Sadness and Misery, which represent the sentences or words with greater semantics load.

122-131.

Authors: LAUREANO JOSÉ NAVARRO VILLALBA, JOHANA ROSELLÓN FONSECA

This research paper presents the results of a study which aim was to determine the organizational climate in a company in the productive sector in Santa Marta city in 2010. The type of design used was a descriptive cross-sectional and the sample was 104 employees selected by simple random method. The Instrument Measure Organizational Climate to Colombian Companies (IMCOC) was applied. The organizational climate of the studied company is in the range of weakness to get the average of all variables (4.99). Variables Take decisions with 3.33 as a minimum score and Goal as maximum score with 5.61 influence strongly for the before average. We concluded that organizational climate prevailing in the enterprise is not the best to be in the range of weakness, although it is in upper limit.

164-177

Authors: SERGIO TRUJILLO GARCÍA*

This article presents a critic reflection about the origin of resilience from a linear model and contrasted with complex, dialectic and genealogical models which show several apparition of the resilience from different generative tensions, as well as in diverse moments of various trajectories and emergencies of dynamic forces that are involved in its constitution. In this text a systematic reading of the book Un Merveilleux Malheur by Boris Cyrulnik is made, apart from other of his work and his ideas are related with proposals of different authors who have worked the concept and with ideas of author, which makes complex the approach of the resilient process, the search of its roots and its projections.

190-203.

Authors: JAVIER ENRIQUE QUINTERO POLO

This article propose an analysis of the concept of Cosmovision as both a signifier and conceptual category in order to 1) construct and/or refine its use in a research project, and 2) establish its relationship with the conceptual category of the phantasm. This analysis will point to a freudian ēthos that will provide the basis and direction for an approach to the current master discourse

225-240

Authors: ORLANDO GONZÁLEZ GUTIÉRREZ*; CARMEN CABALLERO DOMÍNGUEZ*; IRENE POLO MARTÍNEZ**; WILMAR PINEDA ALHUCEMA*

The study sought to establish the effectiveness of interdisciplinary treatment of the drug dependence program of the integral care and rehabilitation center of CARI in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia, in its different phases or forms of intervention (Hospitalization, Day Hospital, Half Day Hospital, Ambulatory monitoring and treatment) during 2008-2009, from the following indicators: abstention from consumption, improvement of physical and psychological symptoms, social involvement, job opportunities and illegal activity of the patients. This is about a descriptive study with a cross-sectional and comparative design, and some feasibility samples, stratified per groups. Fifty men who were drug dependents and who had different diagnosis, participated. They were treated during the already mentioned period of time, divided into five groups and each of them in a different stage of the treatment, as well as a control group without treatment. The Maudsley Addiction Pattern was used as a tool to carry out this experiment. As a result, meaningful differences were established among the control group and the ones whom are part of the drug effectiveness program in relation to its various stages of intervention. As the patients are treated, they show less addiction, improve their physical and psychological symptoms, participate actively in the society, find job opportunities and have less participation in criminal activities associated with drug dependence.

259-273.

Authors: MARCELA NAVIA NÚÑEZ*, HILDA ESTRADA LÓPEZ**, JAIRO CASTAÑEDA VILLACOB*

From the consumer’s perspective, this article shows the results of two marketing researches which take part in a project funded by private and public companies to support small enterprises. For the former, 127 surveys were made to people responsible for shopping at hotels, grocery stores and other grocery dealers. For the latter, 64 final customers were surveyed. The information gathered was used to evaluate the way consumers receive the products made by the manufacturer and trading company, Profrutal, located in Palmar de Varela, Atlantico; this fact gave rise to a marketing plan. The process presented may be an example to stimulate managerial abilities of other small artisanal companies, thus increasing its capacity to create new employment opportunities

292-305.

Authors: ANDREA MILENA MORENO CÁRDENAS; MARÍA CLARA HIDALGO PALACIO

The present work raised, as a principal objective, describe the relation between Organizational Climate and Burnout Syndrome in Security Guards in a Colombian Coal Company. The type of research used was primarily transversal and non-experimental. The sample consisted of 393 persons; of this group, only two incompletely filled out the two questionnaires, so that the figure fell to 391 valid subjects. This research found that there is no evident BS and the OC is generally good within the organization studied. From this you can assert that positive OC may therefore be effective in preventing the onset of BS within the organization, as is suggested in other studies.

329-346.

Authors: ÁNGELA CAMARGO URIBE*, CHRISTIAN HEDERICH MARTÍNEZ**

This paper follows the work and the thought of the American psychologist Jerome Bruner, through the two very distinctive periods of his intellectual evolution; his period as a cognitive psychologist and his period as a cultural psychologist. After presenting the main ideas that characterize each psychological approach and briefly describing the speech gender representative to each way of knowing, the most relevant applications that Bruner’s ideas have inspired in the field of Science teaching and learning are considered. In this last respect, two periods of Bruner’s thought are discussed: the period of discovery learning and the period of science as a form of knowledge culturally describable.

369-388

Authors: JUAN CARLOS MARÍN ESCOBAR

Prosocial behaviors are a compulsory theme in social psychology. In recent years there has been some proliferation with respect to this issue, having developed research works as evidence, as well as field experiences which are increasingly growing in number. The reason for this concern is associated with the hope that is the study of prosocial behaviors to educate and socialize supportive and cooperative behaviors that replace competitive and aggressive standpoints so common in human beings. This article which constitutes a theoretical review is intended to reflect on the dynamics present in prosocial behavior. In this regard, apart from introducing a definition of prosocial behaviors, there are some models that attempt to explain this type of behaviors from social psychology. Finally, the possible relationships between prosocial behaviours and concepts such as personality, motivation, mood and perception, are identified.

397-411

Authors: LILIA ANGÉLICA CAMPO TERNERA*, LAURA CAROLINA MERCADO DONADO, LAURA MARCELA SÁNCHEZ LOZANO, CAROLINA ROBERTI VERGARA

Nowadays it has been demonstrated that the stimulation of the child during these stages constitutes a crucial process in his evolution, in the biological, psychological and social aspects. As the child grows so do his abilities, and therefore a clear need to keep them in constant interaction and potential for their further development lead in an adequate adaptation to situations he must face. For that reason it is a need that is not the mere whim of a society that is constantly evolving, it is a reality that has been working ever since and its results have been t both quantitatively and qualitatively. Numerous studies show that non stimulated children have lower academic performance in relation to those who have received an adequate stimulation. However, alarming data has been found showing lack of stimulation in children of these ages, this fact can cause a delay in any development areas. For the development of certain cognitive elements and maturity in children, it is necessary to provide them opportunities to potentiate their abilities and skills so that they can achieve a healthy development and the formation of higher cognitive processes, as well as the reach of goals.

13-26

Authors: JOSÉ HERNANDO ÁVILA-TOSCANO*, LINA OSORIO JARAMILLO, KARINA CUELLO VEGA, NAILET COGOLLO FUENTES, KATIANA CAUSADO MARTÍNEZ

Abstract The aim of this investigation was not only to identify the prevalence of bullying behavior whithin a group of teenagers from primary and secondary education, but to establish relationships between the type of actor (perpetrator, victim, witness and perpetrator-victim) with gender, age and the level of educational training as well. 120 students were evaluated in a public educational institution by a correlational design, by using a questionnaire for the detection of violence prepared by the Ombudsman of Spain. The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 using the chi-square (x2) and the Spearman correlation coefficients. The prevalence of abuse was 69,2%, mainly verbal and social forms of violence. It stands out the direct and indirect physical abuse perpetrated by women and a large number of students with mixed role of aggression and victimization. Gender and age did not show relationships with bullying, but abusive behavior is significantly associated to the training level.

42-58.

Authors: CAMILO MADARIAGA OROZCO*, ANGÉLICA CASTILLO MARTÍNEZ

This study proposes an analysis on the aspects that couple families with elderly people and their dynamics, and the way elders are perceived inside the family. The aim of this study is to describe the dynamics in a home housing an elderly individual or individuals within a home situated in an urban area known as “Modelo” in the city of Barranquilla. In order to provide insight and coduct this analysis, a representative sample of citizens older than 60, both men and women, whom live in the “Modelo” urban area in Barranquilla, was taken. The obtained data shows evidence on how the elderly behave in relation to their close relatives; highlighting their social features as a fundamental aspect of their behaviour.

73-87

Authors: YOLANDA ROSA MORALES CASTRO

The document talks about the information related to the socioeconomical research about the permanent sellers from sector one in Barranquilla’s historical downtown. This research comes from a previous study “Knowledge Dialogue: a strengthtening strategy for the people interested in the recovering of the historical downtown”, applied from the family and human development group in Universidad Simon Bolivar. The study variable includes the demography, family, economy, housing, environmental and legal dimmensions, which allows to analyze and identify the socioeconomical profile of the permanent sellers from sector one in Barranquilla’s distrit. In this text is also introduced relevant topics, interesting so they can help to clearly understand the growing development of the informal economy in Colombia, because they mean a challenge and clamis attention from the leaders in charge on the country’s economic way.

100-106.

Authors: MARGARITA CARDEÑO SANMIGUEL*, JHONNY LOAIZA GARCÍA

This research was developed according to the criteria of the empiric analytic paradigm. It includes a descriptive analysis about the verbal fluency of two people who are more than 80 years old who consider language the basic way to express themselves. The necessary information was got by applying the WAIS verbal test which evaluates language in some specific areas. Besides applying the test, it was also used an interview which showed some important data about each patient’s personal history. The results were analyze according to a clinic optic, supported by the analysis proposed by Josette Benavides (1984) in character evaluation techniques. This research also follows the knowledge contributed by the memory clinic of Universidad Javeriana, directed by Patricia Montañes, Diana Matallana and Carlos Cano, authors of many studies related to the elderly people in Colombia.

131-144

Authors: MARCO ALEXIS SALCEDO SERNA

In the following paper are analyzed some of the references that Michel Foucault did in History of the madness in the classic epoch to the psychoanalytic model. In these ones, it is indicated that Sigmund Freud realized with his psychoanalytic doctrine a return operation to the classic thought of the modernity that transformed the way of thinking about the topic of the madness. Finally, it is indicated that this return operation got so much importance because it was a critical analysis of the limits of positive, critical review of the cathegories of contemporary thought that allowed the disturbing evocation of the Other.

151-163

Authors: LIANET ALONSO JIMÉNEZ*

This article spreads a theoretical review about the fundamentals psychological and pedagogic necessary for emotional literacy teaching in school contexts. The analysis of the history, relevance of emotional intelligence approach, the argument about the need for a change in educational models for appropriate response to the demands of a dynamic society with increasingly complex, systematization the fundamentals of human development, learning and teaching according to the development of emotion competencies from school with a historical and cultural basis, are the main results of this research work.

174-192.

Authors: Carlos Ml. Quirce Balma, Beatriz Badilla, Sandra Badilla, Manuel Martínez Herrera, José Ml. Rodríguez

The present paperexposes hallucinogens from several points of view. These diverse lateralities indicate the basic lack of scientifici and antropological support for the psychogenic nature of a hallucinogen. This paper seeks to de-demonize that reputation and expose its history, anthropology, chemistry and pharmacology. It is possible that hallucinatory plants were amongst the first botanical specimens used by mankind in his religious ceremonies. Uses such as divination, weather prediction, contact with spirit and ancestral worlds, were among some of those shamanic functions. The study engages in chemical analysis of the different structures that appear principally responsible for hallucinatory experiences. The latter as respects LSD-25 as a special case. The pharmacology of hallucinogens is quite vast and the present paper discusses only some of the compounds. A three phase classification is also mentioned as an explanation of the hallucinatory experience itself.