International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS)

29-33

Authors: Dr. Mahbubur Rahman

The modern drama what we know today was not seen in classical Arabic literature. Instead it is observed that pre modern Arabic literary tradition followed dramatic elements and there existed some forms of drama including Taziya, Khayl al-Zill, Mimicry etc. But it did not bring full-fledged dramatic quality rather it was developed in an unpolished manner. In fact drama was introduced into the Arab lands in the 19th century when Arabic speaking people came into direct contact with European literature and culture. And in the first decade of 20th century Arabic drama entered new stage of its development. The important role played by the different dramatists such as Lebanese, Syrian and Egyptian along with their various groups in the development of Arabic theatre in Egypt was noticeable. As a result of it there appeared so many brilliant writers such as Farah Antun, Ibrahim Ramzi, Muhammad Taymur, Antun Yazbak and Tawfiq al-Hakim who contributed a lot and fulfilled the demands of the public. Key Words: Arabic drama, Taziya, Khayl al-Zill, Tawfiq al-Hakim, Ahmad Shawqi etc.

42-46

Authors: Mofidul Islam Sikdar

In this paper, our attempt is to present a result on commutative cancellative principal subgroup near-ring. We show if N is a commutative cancellative principal subgroup near-ring in which sum of two N-subgroups is again an N-subgroup, then for every pair of non-zero elements a and b of N, ab = (a,b)[a,b] Where (a,b) denotes the greatest common divisor (g.c.d.) of a and b & [a,b] denotes the least common multiple (l.c.m.) of a and b. Key Words: Cancellative principal subgroup near-ring, Commutative near-ring, N-subgroup, g.c.d. & l.c.m.

56-60

Authors: Nipan Haloi

Women are the indispensible part of a society. Education has been recognized as an essential agent of social change and development in any society. Hence, to think of harmonious development without educating women is impossibility. Moreover it can be rightly said that to educate a women is to educate the whole family. There is a Chinese saying, “If you wish to plan for a year, plant wheat, if you wish to plant for 10 years, grow trees, if you wish to plan for 100 years educate your women*. This indicates the importance of women education. But in India higher education is still at its initial stage as far as women are concerned and it would be too early to predict that higher education releases the road to empowerment of women. Many a times, we have witnessed women having a healthy educational background and a wealthy economic status in society subjected to gender-based violence- physical or mental. The Government in India has introduced multiple policies and schemes to accommodate women in its much hyped inclusive development. The newest amongst it is Beti Bachao Beti Parhao. It is aimed at spreading awareness amongst the people in India towards protecting the daughters from social evils and to empower them through education. However, the research studies indicate relative performance of Assam in women’s educational attainment. So, through this studies attempt has been made to understand about the higher education and women empowerment in the context of Assam. Key Words: Higher Education, Women Empowerment, Stereotypes, Double Burden, Assam.

68-72

Authors: Nousheen Baba Khan

Gandhism can be loosely described as the principles and contributions of Mahatma Gandhi to the philosophical thought. Gandhi swayed the entire nation with his principles and ideals and never hesitated to mention how he derived these ideas by getting influenced from different religions. The author here made an attempt to show how, some of his major ideals, got influenced by the major Islamic ideas. Firstly, Gandhi was more of a spiritually driven political leader which the nation has witnessed and it may be because of this reason he could win the hearts of the ‘culturally fused’ Indians. Gandhi not only believed in renunciation he rather practiced it in his ashram. The author, here, tried to relate Gandhi’s form of renunciation with the Sufi form of renunciation. Secondly, even a lay person would know the importance of fasting in the religion of Islam and again the importance laid by Gandhi on fasting. That is why the author tried to figure out what Gandhi had to say about fasting and what the Islamic traditions or Hadith say about fasting. Thirdly, Gandhi’s ideal of non-violence, here, is compared with one of the two parts of Iman i.e, faith. Therefore, it would be interesting to discover more such commonalities between Gandhism and Islam.

07-14

Authors: Dr. Henry Erhamwenmwonyi Asemota

Realia describes actual objects that aid in learning and help in developing knowledge and vocabulary. It replicates experiences and provides the opportunity for students to explore the various senses used in learning through interaction with real objects. It may not be always be available for use in the classroom setting at all times; however, it provides students an effective method for experiencing first-hand the available facts about a topic. Imaging is a technique that used to make students to visualize images in their minds in order to facilitate their understanding of concepts or problems to be answered. Teachers verbally stimulate student to make them envision scenarios in their minds that is being discussed in a text or a problem to be solved. Once images are enlivened in students’ minds, the teacher urges the students to describe what they see in vivid detail. Teachers provide an opportunity for students to work together with other students in groups. Graphic organizers are visuals or pictorial images created to represent ideas, text or connections between texts. Concept mapping is learning based on visual representation and interaction among different concepts. Story mapping is a technique for graphically representing ideas. It involves applying interactive strategies in learning language. Retraining language teachers on how to employ interactive strategies is important for more productive teaching and learning. Constructivist theorists consider learning to be more effective when students work in groups in a collaborative manner and are actively involved in the learning process.

20-24

Authors: Nipan Haloi

Ethnic conflict has become a matter of great concern in present political analysis. Since 1950s ethnic politics has been influencing the northeast and the state of Assam. As we know that Assam is one of the most ethnically rich and diverse states of northeast India. It is a home to variety of tribes, each with a distinct socio-cultural history. However, such a demographically and racially diverse state has not remained free from ethnically induced tensions. It has and still is witnessing a host of ethnic movements and conflicts, each trying to assert the identity of the tribe in question and some of even to the extent of challenging the foundation of Indian state. And the ethnic movement in BTAD has become a very crucial issue for the state of India. As a result the non Bodo people are facing lots of problem in BTAD area. Even are not able to enjoy the democratic rights in the area. So, this issue becomes one of the burning issues in North East India.

13-18

Authors: Ellen S. Abao,Leovigildo A. Manalo,Jade Randy D. Barro, Ryan Paul L. Gonato,Keith C. Simpao,Adrian P. Ybañez

Quails along with chicken can be susceptible to common diseases that can reduce egg and meat production in poultry. In this study, a total of 90 quails (45 males, 45 females) from 3 different farms in South Cebu were serologically tested for Infectious Bursal Disease, New Castle Disease and Infectious Bronchitis using a commercial solid phase immunoassay kit. Results showed that samples from the 3 farms were found seronegative, implying no history of exposure or very low antibody against the disease that is rendered undetectable by the test kit. This study would shed light on the aptness of vaccination as a preventive measure in controlling the entry and transmission of infection on the selected diseases in quail farms. Moreover, it is also the first serological study concerning the 3 diseases in quail in the Philippines. Key Words: Infectious Bursal Disease; Newcastle’s Disease; Infectious Bronchitis quails; Cebu; Seroprevalence.

27-33

Authors: K. M. Atikur Rahman,Sankar Chandra Debnath

The paper attempts to explain the serious effects of water logging on ecology, especially the influences of DND embankment on the environment and lives concerned. This aspect hampers severely the living standard as well as the total environmental networks. Economic and business activities are being damaged along with the deteriorations of human health and educational services. It is investigated that 77 percent of the people living in Dhaka-Narayangonj-Demra (DND) area have been sufferings from different diseases, whereas educational losses are about 68 percent. In addition, 55 percent of businessmen are affected by water logging of DND embankment area in the rainy season of 2015. The main aim of the study is to investigate the losses of ecosystem by DND water logging problem. Moreover, it’s another purpose is to find out the root causes of water logging in the habitats. Primary and secondary data has been used in the study work that is conducted in qualitative approach. 200 respondents have been interviewed for data collection. Besides, direct observation is another primary data source herein. Again, various sorts of documents related have been analyzed. Unplanned urbanization is the root cause of the then water logging; so state authority is suggested to take proper measures to check the anomalies along with the restoration of the natural drainage canals for rapid water discharge. Key Words: Water logging, Drainage shortfall, Natural drainage canal, Neo-liberal urbanization, Ecosystem failure.

45-54

Authors: Pranab Kumar Saikia

Among the serious gender related problems that Indian society has been suffering from pre independence is ‘Missing Woman’ problem. In India, the concept is used to explain the drastic gender inequality problem. The concept was first systematically discussed by Nobel Laureate Indian Economist Amartya Kumar Sen to define the gender biasaness prevail in the under developed or developing countries like India. In India the low sex ratio in all the census shows the real picture of gender inequality. The deeprouted notion that son brings benefits to their parents and daughterimpose cost, which gives birth to a desire to son and not to have daughters. To be more clear, a daughter becomes a liability because she is not income generating and also costs a dowry. So the son preference and daughter aversion results in drastic missing woman problem in India, a terrible story of gender inequality and neglect.

63-79

Authors: Sukumar Mandal

This paper discuss the knowledge organization system in digital environment through thesaurus construction tools. Subject organization and retrieval in a range of information systems and settings including Web sites and digital libraries. Electronically available documents on the Web are exploding at an ever-increasing rate. Many Web documents, however, contain rich knowledge that describes the document's content. The Web can be viewed as a body of text containing two fundamentally different types of data: the contents and the tags. A tag is in HTML (Hyper-Text Mark-up Language) meta-data describing the layout and linking structure between the text. For these kinds of docu- ments we can apply different approaches to extract and structure terms auto- magically. These approaches are based on a statistical model and syntactic analysis that describe the data of interest, including relationships, and context keywords. In this research paper highlights to extracting and structuring terms from documents posted on the Web to construct a thesaurus. The pro- posed tool, MultiTes is used to construct domain independent thesaurus from HTML pages. MultiTes is used to capture the internal structure of meta infor- mation embedded in HTML documents and this thesaurus construction tool installed and configured in Ubuntu 14.04 through wine software for College Libraries under the University of Burdwan. Keywords: Knowledge organisation, Thesaurus construction tools, Thesauri, Ontology, Taxonomy

87-98

Authors: Behzad Maqbool,Dr. S. Rajaguru

Children diagnosed with Down syndrome are increasingly being given therapeutic approach at least to cover the problems like, minimize stigma and isolation, to promote learning, to provide social competency and personal advocacy. The purpose of this cumulative study was to examine the effect of tabla training on the development of skills related to hand functioning of children with Down syndrome bearing with the age group 6-12 yrs. Seven children were selected with mild and moderate level of retardation from Down syndrome group. Due to non-availability of sample pre post experimental design was selected i.e. all the seven children were selected for intervention i.e. tabla training. The baseline performance level was checked by conducting pre- test with the help of checklist. After giving intervention within twenty sessions more than fifty percent achievement was obtained. Thus the findings revealed that tabla training has great impact on hand functioning skills. Key words: Tabla training, hand functioning skills, children with Down syndrome.

6-15

Authors: ড. দেবাশিস ভট্টাচার্য

In the Post-Independence Phases of all types of Bengali literature in general and novel in Particular, Samaresh Basu, Gour Kishore Ghosh, Moti Nandi, Sunil Gangopadhyay took a pivotal position. Atin Bandyopadhyay, side by side, left his unmistakable mark in the arena of Bengali novel. After the decades of Rabindranath, innumerable twist and turn came in Bengali literature. In the Post Independent decades of Bengal, there was a crisis everywhere. There was a crisis in terms of human values and morality. There was a crisis in the peaceful existence. Atin Bandyopadhyay took his glorious entry in such a chaotic situation. He created literature, sketched characters of different taste. He took his characters from various parts of the country-someone from the harbor and again someone from dark, narrow, congested lane of a metropolitan city like Kolkata. The pains of the partition of the country, the refugees, freedom movements and such other relevant factors have become the central themes in his novels. The best three novels that Atin Bandyopadhyay wrote are- “Nil Khantho Pakhir Khoje”, “Aloukik Jalajan” and “Ishwerer Bagan”. The first one is perhaps the master piece of Atin Bandyopadhyay. This brilliant literary piece appeared in two different parts in 1934 and 1952 respectively. They minutely sketch the ins and outs of life in the rural areas of Bengal. This famous novelist was born in a native village of Bangladesh namely ‘Raidani’. ‘Sitalakshya’ and ‘Meghna’ are two popular rivers of the author’s land and they get well-reflected in his novels. Key Words: Novel, Atin, Bandyopadhyay, Literature, Characters.

22-30

Authors: সুরজিৎ বাগ ও ড. সুজয়কুমার মণ্ডল

Art is the creation of human being. Folk art is one of the richest cultural parts of our society. Major part of our population inhabit in rural region. Rural people are creators of our traditional folk arts and crafts. Different artisan communities are active bearer of our traditional knowledge of folk art and craft. Through the co-operative society, West Bengal Govt. is giving the opportunity of empowerment to the artisan community. All over the West Bengal, there are different kinds of folk art and craft forms like pottery, weaving, stone carving, mat making etc. which are developing through the co-operative society. Here we have noticed some plus points about the present and future condition of the artisan. Some limitations are hampering the development of co-operative society. The role of co-operative is immensely significant in the development of the folk artisan as well as in continuation of folk art and craft forms. We hope in future, through the co-operative society folk art and craft will be spread out not only in India but also in international market, as well as artisan community will be empowered. Our interest is to find out role of co-operative society for the overall development of the folk art and crafts genres and artisan communities in West Bengal. Key Words: Folk art & craft, Artisan, Traditional, Co-operative Society, Community, Empowerment.

39-45

Authors: ড. সোমা কুশারী

In case of Bengali Novel, Short Stories, etc., Suchitra Bhattacharjee is a prominent name; she is an exceptional writer. Her premature demise is a great loss not only in the Bengali literature but also struck the minds of huge number of Bengali readers. Sufferings of modern society; death of faith etc. find a distinct voice in her writings. Her most famous writings on this 21st century, Viz. Bhagankal, Gavir Asukh, Nil Ghurni have been discussed in this article, which help us to realize law learners’ livelihood, loss of their mankind and greediness.

50-55

Authors: Dr. Subhrajit Chatterjee

Social science research in India has had a chequered history. Today social science research in India has grown manifold and as of 2014, there are 677 universities in India with more than 500 departments of social sciences as per the latest statistics from the website of India's HRD ministry. Some NGOs and policy research initiatives have also produced specific development focused research products but generally do not have longer term interest in research and the quality of their research is not yet established. Therefore, finding out the major challenges of social science research in India is the theme of this article. Key Words: Social Science, Social Science Research.

66-71

Authors: Dr. Rajib Bhaumik

A notable recurrent feature of Mukherjee’s novels is that they tend to depict fundamentally problematized new immigrant women who as immigrant subaltern are forced to undergo a series of transformations before they can become fully-fledged, self-confident and self- aware members of American society in negotiating the fixed and static borders. In these five novels, each woman is metamorphosed from one ethnic identity into another. In the earlier two novels, Wife and Jasmine, this metamorphosis occurs alongside and in the wake of a physical move from India to America. In The Holder of the World, this physical move occurs in reverse, as the novel’s heroine, Hannah Easton, travels to South India, where she becomes an Indian concubine. In Leave It to Me, the central female character undergoes a voluntary transformation that tracks a physical and psychological search for her Indian roots. In each case, this transformation is captured by a name change, as the female protagonist adopts multiple identities, each representative of a different stage in the process of adopting a new identity. Key Words: desire, identity, amnesia, gender, race, Globalisation dislocation, conflictual assimilation, fusionism, in-betweenness, hyphenation, assimilation, migration, exilic exclusions.

85-89

Authors: Babli Paul

Pandita Ramabai, the first feminist thinker and champion of women’s right and education was one of the remarkable figures produced by the nineteenth century in the history of India. Ramabai left her mark in the areana of women issue with her ideologies and work during this time when women education was almost non-existant. Being a radical reformer she always denounced the existing institutions throughout her life which is evident from her inter-caste marriage as well as her refusal to accept conventional widowed life. She became a living legend during her life time with her courage, intellect and hard work. Her contribution was enough to win her a place in the history of India. In this article “PANDITA RAMABAI–THE FORGOTTEN HEROINE OF INDIA” an attempt has been made to focus on the life and contribution of Pandita Ramabai particularly for the cause of Indian women.

99-107

Authors: Ang Kean Hua

This study deals with how the community of Kota Bharu adapts to monsoon floods that strike in the Monsoon season. Malaysia is a developing country, but the flooding problem still cannot be prevented even with the application of science and technology. Monsoon flooding is a natural disaster. Therefore, this disaster is difficult to avoid using a variety of methods. So, the only way to react to a flood disaster is through understanding adaptation methods towards flooding. This research study is uses the quantitative methods, which is through a questionnaire study. A total of 400 respondents from the Kota Bharu community were willing to spend their time and managed to give the information by answering the questionnaire provided. The study area was set to involve the people living along and near the river in the district of Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The results indicated that continuous rains from upstream will provide big impact to the downstream. This happens when water flows from high to low areas, plus a large amount of water from elsewhere, such that the river cannot cope with the excessive water and overflows. These conditions cause monsoon floods to occur. So, the people of Kota Bharu have a variety of methods such as paying attention to the rain and flood warning system, preparing food before the food sources are cut off, keeping important items in a safe place, and using boats as a primary form of transport. Key Word: Monsoon flood, adaptation, continuous rain, excessive water.

120-128

Authors: Sompita Das & Sk Nausad Kabir

Proliferation of web technology increases the acceptance of social networks. Social networks have a high consequence in higher education. In the Information age, most of the educational institutes of the world have their own website to communicate with there user within few minutes. Today people are investing a lot of time by viewing different social networking sites to fulfill their various objectives. This paper aims to study the use of social media (Facebook, Twitter and YouTube) by Universities of Asia and India at their home page and library page and which kind of information they provide through it. To conduct this study an online survey has been done from Asian and Indian Universities. Data are collected by visiting those university web sites. Key Words: Indian Universities, Asian Universities, web 2.0, Social Networks.

135-144

Authors: Nipan Haloi

Sexual harassment of women at workplace is one of the important issues in present context. But the problem of sexual harassment is not a new issue. From the time immemorial the problem of sexual harassment has been facing by women in some form or the other. The problem of sexual harassment at the workplace (SHW) is a major occupational hazard affecting women all over the globe. In the Indian context, the situation is even more serious as 92 per cent of working women are in the informal, unorganized sector where they don’t get any statutory protection. Basically, Sexual harassment can occurs in a wide variety of forms including rape, pressure for sexual favours, sexual touching, suggestive looks or gestures, sexual joking or teasing, and the display of unwanted sexual material. MacKinnon conceptualized two forms of workplace sexual harassment: quid pro quo harassment and the creation of a hostile environment. The effects of sexual harassment vary from person to person and are dependent on the duration and severity of harassing behavior. However, in most instances, it leaves negative effects and psychological impacts of various forms in their life. Anyone who has experienced sexual harassment feels humiliated and demoralized. Their self confidence and self esteem gets diminished and feels that their dignity is violated and stripped (Murthy, 2004). So, to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women including sexual harassment, our criminal justice system has to be reformed. Apart from that an independent investigating agency with constitutional status should be constituted to investigate crime impartially, efficiently and speedily. In each district Fast- track courts has to be constituted for speedy trial against any type of crime. Again, regarding sexual harassment, NGO‘s should play pro-active role and demand for judicial activism and efforts should be made to implement The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 in all aspects. Key Words: Sexual Harassment, Women, Workplace, the Sexual Harassment Act, 2013.

152-158

Authors: Remy. S & Dr. A. Vijayakumar

Use of internet in academic arena has empowered students to sharpen their skills and communication capabilities in their pursuit of successful strategies of success. This paper describes the internet usage, factors that motivate the use of internet, preferred search engines and environment that affects Information Behaviour. A well-structured questionnaire was distributed among the 200 students of the five nursing colleges in Kollam district. Out of which 142 questionnaires were received showing overall response rate of 71%. Majority of the students expressed their interest in the use of internet and enthusiastic in improving their skills in the use of internet. Concludes that more awareness about internet resources and orientation in use of the same need to be provided. Keyword: Internet, use pattern, Information Behaviour, user study

06-11

Authors: Bidhan Mondal,Dr. Sujay Kumar Mandal

In the political climate of ardent nationalism the pride on a glorious, indigenous past was to be resuscitated through the revaluation and rehabilitation of local folk traditions, that led to my interest in collecting folklore and the increasing use (and misuse) of folk themes. The relationship between folklore and technology is a long debated one. In the earlier phases of folkloristics, technological development was seen as a threat to the conservation of folklife and scholars were busy in collecting and preserving ‘authentic’ tales, songs and handicraft before the homologating assault of modern civilisation destroyed them. This article intends to examine the nexus between folklore and technology in the context of Bengali Baul songs of Birbhum and their Sahajiya Sadhana, from a different perspective from the earlier. It takes interest in discovering the bricolage of humanism, the fusion and diffusion from beyond that helps increasing the “cultural syncretism” through Baul songs that has been delivering the secrets of Indian culture through their performances all over the world, without media and technology this could never be possible. Key Words: Baul, Sahajiya, Change, Modernity, Adaptation, Negotiation, Globalisation.

18-24

Authors: Roopa Mathur,Neha Swami

Traditional Indian families have observed diversified non gender role due to women participation in labour force in recent decades. In process of enhancing self-confidence and gaining gender identity, career oriented modern women not only try to fit in the shoes of their counterparts but also perform expected customary/family roles and responsibilities such as child rearing, elderly care, and household chores. Today, emerging and diverse work area has reported significant increase in women, single parents and dual career couples as employees. Working couples not only look for their own career prospective but also nurture their children and contribute to their future prospects as well. Work and family responsibilities along with long working hours in professional setup has resulted in conflict which in turn has affected the overall well-being of individuals. In dealing with multiple roles and work pressure and for enhancing well-being, working couples use coping strategies depending on their individual experiences. Effectiveness of coping strategies is a subject of unique experience and personal characteristics. The present paper tries to explore a holistic approach towards the role of work-family conflict and coping mechanism in determining the wellbeing in working couples. Key Words: Well-being, WFC, FWC, Coping strategies, working couples.

30-36

Authors: Bijoy Gogoi

Coal is essential for development and industrialization. As a developing country India is closely concerned with the developmental process through the natural resources like coal but the coal mining (both open cast and underground mining) has challenged our livelihood and also provide accelerator in the creation of a lot of problems like displacement and rehabilitation, ecological degradation etc. The Coal industry of Margherita, Tinsukia, Assam is a pioneer and primary coal industry of a large magnitude in the easternmost part of India is also deeply related with developmental process in one hand and poses a threat to the livelihood of the people by degrading the natural environment on the other. So a number of protest movements have been organized by the various local organizations in this region. In other words, a close examination of the people’s protests over the mining projects show two major concerns: One, the effect of mining on the physical environment and health of local people which has been repeatedly spelt by the studies made by different researches, and two, the issue of compensation and relocation of the affected people which depicts the issue of human rights overland and livelihood. The mining operations in North East India thus go through similar experience as is found in case of the rest of the states of India as well as the world. Coal mining exerts a long lasting impact on landscape, ecosystem and socio-cultural economic considerations though there were protests against the environmental degradation in the region caused by the destructive practice of coal mining. Although coal mining is a cause of environmental degradation but development, environment and mining all have become complimentary to each other and none of them can be separated or ignored in the interest of the development of a particular country. This article makes an attempt to analyze the positive and negative impact of coal mining of Margherita Coal Field and also analyze the various aspects of coal mining which may help to systematize the management system of any Colliery of Coal India Limited. Key Words: Coal, Development, Mining, Environment, Degradation, Livelihood.