Revista Clio América

9

Authors: Rodrigo A. Gómez-Montoya, Abdul Zuluaga-Mazo, Jorge E. Espinosa-Oviedo

This paper has as its main objective of use the TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem) with graph theory in order to design routing strategies in a distribution network, looking for an efficient way to be made in regard to distance and time used for attending customer’s requirements. Additionally, the paper develops a case of application of the methodology in a Meat Company located in the city of Medellín. As a result, we find that the use of TSP with graph produces a route with the minimum distance in the distribution network; it was demonstrated in the case of application.

10

Authors: Harold Silva-Guerra, Carlos Iván Aizpurúa-González

This article arises from research of a course in International Corporate Governance of our Ph.D. from the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) and applied in a company that has suffered a scandal which would affect its operations in Nicaragua. The analysis applied from the KISS Principles of the professor Dr. Martin Hilb of University of St.Gallen. The violations of law that underlie the case described in this paper stem from actions and omissions relating to BellSouth’s subsidiary in Nicaragua, Telefonía Celular de Nicaragua, S.A. This is a reflexion article is only for academic purposes.

15

Authors: Juan Carlos Sanclemente-Téllez

The implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to small retailers of consumer goods in a city of Colombia (Medellin) is analyzed. From an empirical investigation it is studied some elements that generate positioning for these traders face the threat of large retailers (supermarkets with modern trade) including the construct of CSR and some components that produce reputation for these people against those competitors. It is discussed in the literature how the concept of CSR is associated with small businesses, the relationship between this variable and retailing studying the main results of research carried out with neighborhood shopkeepers (small retailers) in Medellin during 2011 in which also intervened customers of these dealers and some of its suppliers (manufacturers, wholesale distributors). Qualitative research methodology based on Grounded Theory supplemented with Ethnography is also exposed. Data collection was conducted through individual semi-structured depth interviews, focus groups and non- participant observation. Finally, a discussion of the main findings as well as their most relevant conclusions is made.

9

Authors: Mario Enrique Uribe Macías

The research project was developed by a structured questionnaire application, designed ISO 9004 based-on, to seven certified enterprises that formed a sample chosen by convenience method. This paper presents the results of application of Standard numeral 8. Measuring, analysis and improve behavior analysis, emphasizing two great conclusions: the self-appreciation high level enterprises have about theirs Quality system management, and the application, development and demonstration about the actions they do are focused to improve their quality systems efficacy and to strengthen their quality culture.

12

Authors: Leonel Arango Vásquez, María Patricia Durango Gutiérrez

The purpose of this article with a qualitative approach aims to determine, from the theory the business environment, when companies are not capable to obtain financing through traditional sources, the Private Equity industry is viewed as an alternative source of finance for those companies. This industry operates through special investment vehicles named Private Equity Funds and Venture Capital Funds. In general, the former invest in develop and mature firms, the latter focus on infant and small companies. The financial cycle that these funds supply is structured in three main phases: fundraising phase, investment phase, and divestment phase or exit. This paper explains the difference between Private Equity and Venture Capital, as well as the main characteristics of the mentioned phases; through the methodology of content analysis, which aims to continue the research project of Venture Capital Industry in Colombia.

8

Authors: Henry Antonio Romero León

There are two questions being raised here regarding the accounting research and foundational research problems in accounting as a dynamizing agent of the discipline progress. Research problems in accounting and problems in accounting research derived therein have been discussed, through a diagnostic process, including a description of the main issues in these problematic research areas. By way of example, research topics published in the main accounting journals will be presented, with the intent to overview the worldwide research trends in accounting. The problem facing our argument was the necessity to distinguish between the two main problems identified as affecting the research practices in a historical basis, in order to understand that providing conceptual and analytical clarification concerning the accounting knowledge may contribute to the elucidation of this problem. Thus, it was established that under these circumstances is not the same to conceive the research challenges as the main issues in research as a human activity.

12

Authors: Jonnathan López Hurtado

In order to begin an analysis process of the relationship between State-Enterprises-University and Its impact in the society, it is important to know the current theoretical basis about such an interaction, generated by means of models like the scientific-technological triangle, Triple Helix Model, and Innovation Systems. It is shown that these models are not formal theories for the production of modern science or technology, but conceptual frames to interpret the problem of the innovation from a holistic, interdisciplinary and systemic point of view. In that way, the identification of the origin of these models, its definitions, characteristics and convergence elements will contribute to the comprehension of the action frame for those actors invited to the generation of science, technology and innovation.

14

Authors: Jennifer Tatiana Ortiz Segrera, Alexander Daza Corredor, Carlos Labarcés Ballestas

Based on the concern to develop strategies that lead to increased productivity of tourism operators in the city of Santa Marta, this research aims to characterize the condition of the organizational culture of these institutions, in this study, the corresponding variables are defined the physical conditions of work, work environment conditions and organizational behavior, as elements of the culture being studied, are intended to establish its relationship with the work performance of employees in tourism enterprises. For the study in Santa Marta, the characteristics of each variable were determined on a questionnaire of 24 questions, were surveyed the members of the organizations deepening in the perception of managers, administrative and operational, and identify for the case of the city, if human talent is largely motivated by interpersonal relations, physical working conditions and an adequate working environment for the development of their work, and observe the relationship in front of his performance.

28

Authors: Lilibeth Pedraza Álvarez, Ximena Socarrás Plaza, María Paola Jiménez Villamizar, Ibo Alexander Romero Reales

Organizational Climate (CO) , is characterized by a set of elements that are present in the work environment , the importance of this is that involved in the conduct of the worker , which is influenced by the perception that one has of his organization, and employee motivation is determined to develop a task, tense work environments directly influence all dimensions that make up the CO as interpersonal relationships , leadership , among others. Therefore the main objective of this research was to identify the CO, a company that provides occupational health services in the city of Santa Marta, Colombia. type of quantitative research, a cross-sectional descriptive design was used not experimental . The results show that the organization has adequate CO, among the greatest strengths are interpersonal relations and proper disclosure of employees with bosses.

7

Authors: Vladimir Balza Franco

In this paper is made a reflection and an approach to the global problem of poverty and its possible causes, from the humanist-radical thinking school´s view point, establishing a link between the classic economic theories, its nowadays implications and the latest world trends on management. In addition, is made an exploring and comparing of the main poverty indicators of several countries and its possible relationship with some social variables like birth rate. Finally, as conclusion, are formulated some research question for conducing to future empirical works about this theme.

11

Authors: José de los Santos Zarate Díaz, Wilfrido Enrique Gutiérrez Ospino

The purpose of this article is to analyze the management strategies as a mechanism for social responsibility in the tourism sector in Santa Marta Colombia, for this purpose bibliographical review that relate key aspects of management strategies and social responsibility as an important tool in any corporation held achieve business objectives for pursuing a position in the highly competitive services markets. The consulted literature review considers competitive strategies are of particular importance for the success of business and that companies should consider social responsibility as a corporate philosophy, in order to maintain economic success in international markets. The management style is the result of the epistemology of management and the experiences that each person acquires during practice. The theoretical basis of management has its foundations in the modern and postmodern paradigms transmodern. Theories of authors such as Philip. Kotler, Michael Porter, Peter Drucker, Peter Senge and Edgar Morin should be recognized and enforced by each manager to maintain the competitiveness and sustainability of the organization. So it is important to develop management styles that can meet the demands of the global market.

16

Authors: Jorge Oswaldo Sánchez Buitrago, Zuany Luz Paba Argote

This paper presents the distances covered by the University of Magdalena during the process of self-evaluation, which was intended under the rationality and own rigor of an exercise in scientific research , in this case in the area of the line on " Management and Systems Development Education " , Ph.D. in Science Education from the same institution. The key issues that are addressed are: Ph.D. in Science Education as an academic niche Assessment Process; self-evaluation as the process of scientific research; the institutional policy framework that guided the self-assessment process; mobilizing and supporting social participation and legitimizes self-evaluation process; joint self-assessment process with the formulation of the Institutional Development Plan: the exercise of Resignification the Institutional Educational Project and the Process Assessment Model Institutional Pedagogical; theoretical referential coordinates the self-assessment process and methodological route that guided the Assessment Process Uses of Institutional Accreditation, among others.

16

Authors: Daniel Gómez López

It is imperative that the Colombians concern us for having territories safer and societies less vulnerable tendency to stabilise the process of the sustainable development in the time that guarantee us better social conditions, economic and political in the distinct human settlements presents in the territorial context and for these effects three central appearances consider that they contribute of way decided with these purposes. The first refers to the need to improve the knowledge and elevate the level of consciousness on the territory that occupy to diminish the degree of vulnerability of the settlements in the spaces that inhabit; the second, is indispensable that the government, so much of the national level, as of the decentralised, take part with seriousness the process scheduled of the territory with emphasis in the approach of the Integral Management of the Risk and the adaptation to the variability and the climatic Change, and, in third place, requires incorporate new elements conceptual and methodological elements to the process of the planning of the territory, with the end to correct some omissions in which it has incurred to the moment to formulate the respective plans of development or territorial legislation in the distinct territorial entities. Some of the omissions split to consider that the damages happened by the disasters are forced to suffer them, due to the fact that these obey to the own conditions of the nature and to divine strengths. Mistaken affirmations that drive to the passivity, the resignation and back application of resources of repetitive and innocuous way, in the measure that no incursione in the analysis of the key factors of the irrigation of disaster and so that, of way shared look for to diminish the levels of likely damage of the disastrous incident to handy levels or “acceptable”, when incorporating to the planning the own elements of the Integral Management of the Risk and concepts like the adaptation to the conditions of the half, in plough to build societies increasingly resilientes.

23

Authors: Luis Hernando Camargo Torres

His article presents the result of the research that is being carried out at the present, the subject relays on the diagnostic of the sports clothing confection microenterprises organizational development, this being placed on the August the Seven area in Bogota, the research is based on the theory of organizational development, focused from the factors of the sorroundings and the way how the organization it’s designed to face the results measured from the efficiency point of view. The concept of organization it’s assumed as an opened system and the opened system diagnostic model that allows the identification of efficiency induction factors on each level of the organization, that area: organizational level, group level and individual.