International Invention Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

127-130

Authors: *A. BENDJABALLAH MD., Pr. M. TAIEB, Dr. N. NAIT SLIMANE

Lymphangiomas are rare benign congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. They are thought to happen due to obstruction of the local lymph flow system. Lymphangiomas may arise in any part of the body. Approximately 95% of lymphangiomas are found in the head, neck and axilla, and 5% appear in other parts of the body. Lymphangioma of the ovary especially huge one is exceptional. Lymphangiomas are usually slow growing and patients remain asymptomatic for a long time. We report a case of a very huge lymphangioma of the right ovary associated with lymphangioma of the peritoneum in postmenopausal woman treated by total excision of the both cysts. Keywords: Lymphangioma, benign congenital tumors, lymphatic system, ovarian cyst.

110-116

Authors: *1Bambang Wasito Tjipto and 2Koosnadi Saputra

Late Onset Hypogonadism (LOH) is a syndrome characterized with decline in physical ability, sexual and psychological ability associated with decreased of testosterone in the blood. In middle age, around 45 – 59 years of age, reproductive function and hormones such as testosterone started to decline. In accordance with the increasing age, the testosterone production also decreased, which is known as the aging process. The increase of life expectancy also increases the number of elderly in the future. Thus, the elderly problems also increased. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide which is known as ß-Glucan has been used as traditional medicine in China and Japan for hepatitis, hypertension, chronic bronchitis, asthma bronchial, cancer and some other conditions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Glucan extract from Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide (PSP) for 21days compared to Glucan ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide (PSP) on sexual behavior, testosterone, and mitosis index of old male (Rattus norvegicus) rat testis. To determine male R norvegicus sexual activity, it used CCTV incaged inside the cage made of acrylic for 21days. Testicular testosterone was examined using immunohistochemistry. Mitosis index is evaluated using histological preparation with HE staining. Sexual activity of old male R. norvegicus rats was observed at 01.00 a.m. until 04.00 a.m. after treatment, the mean ± standard deviation difference of the control group is 0.00  0.866a, the water extract / decoct mean 2.22  1.394b and ethanol extract 1.89  1.269b, Where significant value (p  0.01).In studies of mitotic index old R. norvegicus mice testicular after being given a PSP G. lucidum extract ethanol = Glucan, it had the highest with a mean value of 12.11 2.759c compared to decoction extract with a mean of 8.89  1.364b while at control, the lowest mean is 2.56  1.333a. There were significant differences in the average value of testosterone between groups with p<0.0001. There was an increase in the mitotic index between groups, at the group of G. lucidum PSP ethanol extract, than the decoction extract of PSP G. lucidum. Keywords: LOH, Glucan Ganoderma lucidum, sexual behavior, Testosterone testes, mitotic index.

88-95

Authors: *I. F. Usoh and H. D. Akpan

This study investigated the effect of oral administration of combined 80% ethanolic leaves extracts of Gongronema latifolium (GL) and Ocimum gratissimum (OG) on some oxidative stress indices in diabetic rats. Thirty-six male albino rats were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each. Groups A and F received placebo treatment and served as diabetic and normal controls respectively. B and C received extracts of GL and OG at 200mg/kg b.w respectively. D received combined extracts of GL and OG at 100mg/kg b.w each and E received 5 IU/kg b.w insulin subcutaneously. Treatment lasted for 28 days after which animals were sacrificed and serum and liver collected for analysis of antioxidant parameters. From the results, the single and combined extracts treatment significantly (P<0.05) decreased hepatic MDA formation, suggesting the role of the extracts in protection against pro-oxidant induced membrane damage. The extracts also significantly increased the hepatic activities of SOD, GPX, CAT and serum levels of ß-carotene, Vitamins A and C. The combined extracts group displayed a more pronounced effect when compared to single extract and insulin groups. The antioxidant effectiveness of the combined extracts might be connected with the synergistic interactions of several bioactive principles present in these leaves. Keywords: Malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, streptozotocin, diabetes, rats, Gongronema latifolium, Ocimum gratissimum.

66-72

Authors: Diana Rocha1, Andreia Silva1, Amélia Pereira2, Ana Borges2, Élio Rodrigues2, Verónica Mendonça1, Nádia Osório1, Ana Valado1, Armando Caseiro1, António Gabriel1 and Fernando Mendes1*

The urinary tract is one of the most common places for the occurrence of bacterial infections, especially in women. Urinary infection can be defined as an infection of the urinary tract structures which occurs, generally, as a consequence of the presence or colonization of bacteria, like Escherichia coli (E.coli) and other Enterobacteriaceae. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between urinary tract infections (UTIs) and blood groups. The population of this study consisted of 307 patients (83 men and 224 women) from the District Hospital of Figueira da Foz, E.P.E. (HDFF, E.P.E.) and from the Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC) in Portugal. The AB0 blood groups were determined through a gel-test methodology. The microorganisms identification was made using the VITEK® 2 Compact equipment. In a total of 307 patients, the most common pathogen was E. coli with 48.4%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, with 17%. Infection by E. coli was significantly more common in patients with A blood group phenotypes (p<0.0005). A statistically higher risk for developing urinary tract infections in women compared to males (p<0.001) was found. The results suggest that E. coli was the main pathogen causing urinary tract infections, and we found statistically significant association between A blood group phenotypes and this infection. These results might be useful for describing an individual’s risk for a higher predisposition in developing urinary tract infections. Keywords: Urinary tract infection; blood groups; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella sp.

49-55

Authors: Ngosso, B.E.1 Nkwengulila, G.2 Namkinga L.A.1*

Diarrhea is responsible for high morbidity and mortality among children under the age of five in developing countries. Poor diet and unsafe water supply in households contributes to the prevalence of diarrhea. This study was carried out to determine intestinal parasitic protozoa causing diarrhea. Participants were children under-five years attending Municipal hospitals in Dar Es Salaam with either acute or chronic diarrhea. A total of 720 stool samples were analyzed. Parasitic protozoa were investigated by standard microscopy and PCR methods. The highest prevalence of diarrhea (29.6%) was found in the age groups of 12-23 months, followed by 24-60 months (15.6%), 6-11 months (8%) and least 0-5 months (2.4%). Microscopic method identified 41% parasitic protozoa, PCR 55.6%. However, m-PCR was more discriminative and sensitive, such that the 144 samples identified microscopically as E. histolytica, were differentiated as; E. histolytica 48 (33.3%), E. dispar 80 (55.6%) and E. moshkovskii 16 (11.1%). The most common protozoa were Giardia lamblia 35.6 % (256), followed by Entamoeba histolytica 12.2% (88), Cryptosporidium parvum 7.8 % (56), and Helminthes 12.7% (92). PCR methods should be advocated for differential diagnosis of parasitic causes of diarrhea in Tanzania for children. Key words: Diarrhea, Parasitic protozoa, under-fives.