Problems of Management in the 21st Century

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Authors: Editorial Board

PMC, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2020, PMC

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Authors: Vitalii Nitsenko

Ukraine has a huge potential for the development of various sectors of the economy, but the efficiency of its use still remains low. This problem is primarily related to management problems at all levels of government: from the President to the state enterprise. Unfortunately, the change in the political preferences of citizens of each regular election of deputies to regional, local authorities, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine remains unchanged. It does not make sense to draw attention to all 30 years of Ukraine's independence, as this problem is not solved… For clarity, we will demonstrate the year of the rule of President Zelensky VO, who promised to change the situation in the country for the better. His arrival was not an accident. The people were prepared not only by the humorous shows Kvartal-95 on political topics, but also by the TV series “Servant of the People” (3 seasons), where Volodymyr Zelensky was elected President and was an ardent opponent of the current situation. Thus, the preparatory stage was in favor of his team.

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Authors: Solomon Chepsongol Kelwon

This paper was extracted and based on one of the variables of the researcher’s main research entitled: Antecedents of Occupational Health and Safety among the Police Officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The aim of the research was to analyze and find the effect of a legal framework on occupational, safety and health among Police Officers. The target population was the 4,000 Police Officers in Nairobi City County. In each police station, a sample of 5 percent Police Officers were randomly identified, selected, and interviewed by the use of questionnaires based on their availability at work. An initial pilot study of the 10% police stations was done in order to test the research instruments. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used, and its findings were presented using figures, tables and charts. The result findings gave a response rate of 75.5% which was acceptable for a research. The results also showed that 68.20% of the respondents were of the view that Codes of Conduct were good in the smooth running of police operations and supporting their OSH. The responses had a mean of 3.84 and standard deviation of .93. As presented in tables, the coefficient of determination R Square is .466 and R is .683 p-value p<.000 at .05 being the level of significance. This means 46.6% of the Occupational, Safety and Health of Police Officers are influenced by Legal Framework. Police Officers should know all legal requirements for they shall be useful when performing their tasks. The government will not fall into legal challenges when they have legally informed officers.

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Authors: José G. Vargas-Hernández, Omar Cristian Vargas Gonzalez, José Sergio Morones Servín

A cluster is an important way to increase the economic development in a region. The discussion about the most suitable meaning of a cluster is breadth. For this reason, the main aim of this research was to provide a general overview of the concept of the cluster. The methodology is a review of literature of the main theoretical- empirical studies and models and some proposed models as well as its importance as a strategy for regional development and its operation. The main conclusions are that all the theoretical approaches to the concept are relevant and that does not exist a unique approach to define cluster.

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Authors: Editorial Board

Cover page, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2019, PMC

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Authors: Luca Bussotti

If one seeks to rent a house for spending some months in a European city, or just some days on holiday, an aspect becomes immediately clear: the quasi-monopoly of an on-line platform, which proposes interesting and innovative solutions, from an entire apartment to a single room. This on-line platform is Airbnb, created in 2007 in San Francisco and which in 2009 assumed the current denomination. Airbnb operates in 200 countries and about 8.100 cities, launching 5 million announcements yearly and hosting – through its associated structures – about 300 million people per year (Rubino, 2018), having reached in 2018 the target of 500 million people (AIRBNB, 2019).

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Authors: Malgorzata M. Czerny, Marta Mazurowska

The financial reporting is considered to be a ‘universal’ language of business, the efforts to harmonize and standardize it are dictated by conviction, that the usefulness of financial and non-financial information delivered this way can be improved and might facilitate comparisons of companies operating around the world, etc. However, the real perception of information generated by financial statements is made by real people, not by the economic model of homo oeconomicus, that is why psychological and cultural factors are extremely important in the analysis of this process. There is a lack of comprehensive studies on this subject. Most of publications are contributory. The research is based on the critical review of the subject literature and using mostly the method of induction, the impact of selected cultural conditions on the formulation of expectations on the content of the financial statements is examined and proved. The example of Muslim countries is used as the beginning of series of articles in the taken subject.

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Authors: Marc Jacquinet, Luca Bussotti

Multinational corporations and international business practices as well as international investment are considered important elements for the diffusion of new modes of production, namely through a flow of cleaner production and new management practices such as corporate social responsibility (CSR). This view is lacking consistency and is not buttressed on strong empirical evidence. The positive driver of environmental sustainability is probably not international business and trade but strong and good institutions. The focus here is on four limitations: the context of the private firms and corporations, the workings of complex organizations, the technology and the right institutions that buttress the global, national and local contexts, taking as concrete examples some specific cases from the Global South, as Mozambique. The article concludes that these aspects have to be considered and contrasted to the technological and management solutions for sustainability.

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Authors: Beata Zyznarska-Dworczak

Growing public awareness of the need for sustainability raises the need for business settlements in the line with the concept of accountability. This phenomenon contributes to the objective extension of information systems in enterprises, including accounting system. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of accountability on accounting development, showing thus the idea of sustainability accounting. This study investigates the significance of the accountability concept and was conducted, indicating in particular the types of this concept and the areas of its management in the company. Based on inductive and deductive reasoning, the thesis of the article has been proved, showing that the accountability concept directs the development of accounting towards sustainability accounting as one of the basic manifestations of corporate responsibility. The paper shows that a cascading of corporate accountability determines the areas in which accounting is crucial for the company management, like valuation of the results of the implementation of sustainable development principles, managerial control and sustainability reporting. This paper aims to promote the perception of the changes and prospects of the development of accounting towards sustainability accounting, presenting theoretical and practical implementations.

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Authors: Editorial Board

Cover page, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2018

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Authors: Iwona Gorzeń-Mitka

Business has many colours and faces. Undoubtedly, we are at an inflection point in discussion on modern business management models ((Kana & Mynarzova, 2014, Kuraś & Kuraś, 2015), but maybe teal paradigm shows the direction of changes. I hope that little remarks above on view the colours of business management of 21st century will encourage You to get acquainted with the latest studies of the issues of management of modern organizations and that you will find “added value” in them for yourselves.

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Authors: Diāna Līduma, Ārijs Orlovskis, Uldis Drišļuks, Antra Dreģe

During the age when outcomes of the creative process develop in a great diversity, the issue about product sales and appropriate marketing implementation becomes topical both in clients’ attraction and in the existing products competition from the side of culture organizations’ management. The aim of the research is on the basis of the analysis outcomes of the international and Latvian leading contemporary music festivals and concert organizers’ work experience determine the currently existing trends in contemporary music product sales, including the most appropriate marketing activities for clients’ attraction. Within the framework of research, the survey of managers and marketing specialists (in total 22, incl.13 foreign and 9 local organizers) of working organizations in the branch on Latvian and European scale and 138 listeners of contemporary music festivals and concerts in Latvia has been carried out. In the research it is discovered that contemporary music from the point of priority takes the second place in European concert organizers’ programmes and the third place from the point of interests among listeners in Latvia. The values included in the concert organizers’ products in Europe and Latvia – high level performers’ performance, an interesting programme and innovative content, coincide with the hearers’ main reasons for the choice of the event. Concert organizers in Latvia also see the significance in the offer of classical values, combining them with education and alternative content, but concert organizers in Europe – educating content in combination with alternative environment. The research outcomes reveal that contemporary music in Latvia is regularly consumed by about 40% of total listeners’ number, in Europe the regular consumers’ proportion reaches 50% listeners. In Latvia, despite the critical demographic situation, the tendency of concert attendance is increasing in comparison with other European countries, where it is assessed as firmly stable. According to the obtained data in the research, in the contemporary music product sales the most essential information channel is the social media, which is used for information acquisition by 43% listeners in Latvia, but for information provision it is used by 47% concert organizers in Latvia and 40% in Europe. In the Latvian concert organizers’ practice outdoor advertising (20%) is also popular and forms the point of listeners – posters (31%). Concert organizers in Europe create additional creative products for interest, apply public relations and the integrated marketing communication. The research outcomes have revealed the need for the concert organizers to focus on marketing communication and society’s education issues both in culture-policy of updates and collegial cooperation promotion among event creators in the branch for the contemporary music product sales.

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Authors: Editorial Board

End page, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2018

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Authors: Editorial Board

Cover page

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Authors: Luca Bussotti, Rui da Maia

The purpose of this reflection is understanding what approaches towards human rights are applied in the case of industrial resettlement programs, and, to investigate what policy could be employed to better protect rights of people who experienced un-voluntary relocation event caused by industrial pressure in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Authors: Iwona Gorzeń-Mitka

One of the leading trends in modern academic research is risk management. Over the years, the approach to risk management has changed and affected many different areas. This study aims to investigate changes in risk management and trends of risk management in the past 20 years. Risk management related publications from 1990 to 2016 were retrieved from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. VOS viewer software was used to analyse the research trend. Literature growth related to risk management is expanding rapidly. Significantly more publications related to risk management aspects were collected in Scopus, compared to the Web of Science. Since 2005 is to be noted a significantly increasing interest in risk management problems (nearly 5300 publications by year in Scopus database). Risk management problems mainly appearing in publications related to the fields of Medicine and Engineering, Business, Management and Accounting, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Computer Science and Environmental Science. In Business, Management and Accounting a significant jump in the interest in the issues of risk management was noted in 2011. Recent studies focus on the enterprise risk management, environmental and industry management innovation in strong connection with risk assessment. The enterprise risk management associated with environmental and sustainable perspective may be the newest topics that should be closely followed in risk management research.

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Authors: Hortensia V. Acacha-Acakpo

The Urban Land Registry ULR is a land information system set up in Cotonou since 1992. It was designed to enable this municipality to control its land tenure and to strengthen its tax revenue mobilization capacities. The central idea of this research was to show the relevance of the ULR in local development as a resource mobilization tool. An analytical method used: a descriptive analysis, which consists of using comparative curve to understand the behavior of our variables, which are emissions and recoveries of tax mobilized over time using ULR. The descriptive analysis showed out that the implementation of the ULR multiplied the tax base by 7 and the tax revenues by 9 over the period from 1992 to 2015. So, this showed out that the implementation of the ULR participated in a better urban management thanks to its urban and land applications. Nevertheless, tax revenue collection is too low and synergy of the municipal services in charge of the various urban management headings in Cotonou is not strong.

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Authors: Editorial Board

Cover page

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Authors: Anup Chowdhury, Nikhil Chandra Shil

This research explored in depth the evolution of performance measurement systems in the context of new public management initiatives in Australian public sector. A governmental department in the Australian Capital Territory was selected for the purpose of the exploration. The qualitative research approach was adopted and data was collected following case study tradition. The main data sources were archival official documents and interviews. In addition, the researchers used direct observation to supplement and corroborate the archival documents and interview data. The empirical evidence presented in this research supports the fact that the selected Australian government department has implemented performance measurement systems in the line of new public management to illustrate the department’s commitment to efficiency and accountability. The research undertaken was in-depth, using a case study and though generalization is not possible from this single case study, the findings may be expected to add knowledge to existing literature and provide some important lessons for other public sector entities of the developing countries who are interested in adopting performance measurement systems as their control devices.

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Authors: Stefan Schwerd, Richard Mayr

Nowadays computer mediated communication (CMC) and the high volume of computed and stored information is getting a business on its own. Information is collected, aggregated, analyzed and used to create real business advantage and value but also risks within companies and also outside on the markets in a high volume. On the other hand, single individuals still need to deal and interpret this sheer mass of increasing information continuously. The change in information management and handling triggers the ongoing changes in decision makings on the operational level as well as on the strategic level. Information is a good sold itself and triggered an own industry of information brokerage. It opens the question of trust and correctness into the information itself but also into the information source and opens a complete new, not modelled yet discipline of Information Risk Management. Currently no model exists in science to measure Information Risk Management where as there is a highly increasing demand to measure case-based applicability and success of Information Risk-Management (IRM) activities in a broader context. The authors propose a new model for IRM and derive a qualitative prove of variables/measure and a quantitative empiric-norm as a base for further perception comparison with specifically targeted groups.

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Authors: Daina Vasiļevska, Diāna Līduma, Kitija Melberga

Within the framework of the research, it was clarified that there is a trend in the service companies in Liepaja to rely more on the technological innovations. That differs from the dominating trend in this sector to introduce the non-technological innovations. Considering the common trend in Latvia that the number of innovative service companies is decreasing, the factors preventing the introduction specifically in the service companies in Liepaja were identified in the research. Aim of the research is to clarify the opinion of managers of service companies in Liepaja about the factors affecting introduction of innovation. Within the framework of the research, 31 highest-level managers of Liepaja City service sector and municipal companies were inquired. The results of the research showed that 90% of respondents have introduced at least one form of innovations since January 2014. It was established that the main forms of innovations by object in the service companies in Liepaja are product or process innovations. Only 35% of the managers could clearly answer about their plans to introduce innovations in the future. That demonstrates the lack of strategy and innovations in the management and short-term planning in the companies. The results of the research allowed concluding that the main factor delaying innovations in the service companies was the shortage of financial resources. The lack of qualified staff was mentioned by the managers as an insuperable problem to introduce innovations.