European Journal of Molecular Biotechnology

3-7

Authors: Magda D. Davitashvili, Gela S. Azikuri

The investigation is concerned with the detection of the rII region in the phages, related to T-even, by means of some complementation and recombination tests with deletion mutant of phage T4BrII-1272. The restoration of the damaged function and the recombinants were detected by planting the progeny of reference and mutant strains of bacteria. The analysis of the results obtained shows the ability of five phages out of the eight to restore the damaged function in deletion mutant of phage T4BrII-1272 (Zonne 2, Zonne 3 and Zonne 4 phages were not complement). The formation of recombinants was noted only with DDVI and Zonne 7 phages. The percentage of recombinants was 0.004 and 0.2 respectively.

17-24

Authors: Pavel А. Krylov, Nikita I. Stepanenko, Natalia A. Borozdina

The article is concerned with lungs proteome analysis of live-stock animals (Bos Taurus and Sus scrofa) with further proteins grouping by their physico-chemical and functional properties. Primary information of proteins comprised in the lungs proteomes of Bos Taurus and Sus scrofa was obtained from the UniProt database, taking into account the functional properties received from Gene Ontology database. The analysis revealed several thousand annotated proteins used for further grouping: by the chemical nature of their prosthetic groups, their localization in relation to the cell and functional properties. Consequently, we found a predominance of phosphoproteins in the lungs proteome, exceeding by almost 2 and 10 times the number of proteins related to glycoproteins and lipoproteins, respectively. Protein analysis by their localization in relation to the cell reveals a predominance of membrane and intracellular proteins. Practically significant proteins were extracellular proteins. Maximum function diversity of proteins comprised in the lungs proteome was in Bos Taurus - 741, Sus scrofa – 379. Therefore, lungs proteins of Bos Taurus are more promising for the industrial production than Sus Scrofa’s ones. The obtained data can be used as a basis for the development or optimization of protein isolation methods for the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries demands in future.

40-46

Authors: Valery G. Zaitsev, Regina Yu. Ivashchenko, Darya A. Kurkina, Anna S. Popova

Development and growing of plant cultivars with elevated content of health beneficial nutrients could improve the public human health. The aim of this study was to review the state of the art in use of molecular markers to produce anthocyanin-rich varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Link between anthocyanins production and their proved effect on the health was discussed. Although anthocyanin-dependent red colour of lettuce has been used in breeding for years the metabolic markers are not high-quality for noted purpose. Use of molecular markers can improve results of the breeding. Known and perspective DNA-based molecular markers were shown in this mini-review.

69-75

Authors: Abdelilah Benallou

The optimum geometries and quadratic force constants of HCN, HNC, intermediates (INT1 and INT2) and the transition state connecting them (CHN) have been determined at the DFT (density functional theory) level of theory. Energy differences were evaluated using the DFT method in conjunction with 6-311++g(d,p) basis set. The most reliable structure obtained for the transition state has bond distances of 1.184, 1.193 and 1.391Å for rCN, rCH and rNH, respectively. Including a correction for zero-point vibrational energies, the transition state activation energy is predicted to be 44.6kcal/mol. So the transition state of isomerization pathway is highly energetic and subsequently cannot occur efficiently in the gas phase.

83-95

Authors: H.A. Shindy, M.A. El-Maghraby, M.M. Goma a, N.A. Harb

New polyheterocyclic starting material compound namely 3, 5-dimethyl-7-phenyl-furo [(3,2-d) pyrazole;(3',2'-d) oxazole] was prepared and oriented for the synthesis of novel monomethine cyanine dyes (simple cyanine dyes), bis monomethine cyanine dyes (bis simple cyanine dyes), trimethine cyanine dyes (carbocyanine dyes) and bis trimethine cyanine dyes (bis carbocyanine dyes). The electronic transitions of all the synthesized cyanine dyes were evaluated and determined through investigating their visible absorption spectra in 95 % ethanol solution. The dyes were thought to be better electronic transitions when they absorb light at higher wavelength bands (bathochromic shifted and/or red shifted dyes). Consequently, the electronic transitions of the dyes decreases when they absorb light at lower wavelength bands (hypsochromic shifted and/or blue shifted dyes). The antimicrobial activity evaluation for a number of 10 (ten) selected compounds was tested against 4 (four) various bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus). The antimicrobial activity evaluation can be made through measuring the inhibition zone diameter of the tested compounds against a number of bacterial and/or fungi strains. The compounds were thought to be better antimicrobial active when they give higher inhibition zone diameter against the tested bacterial and/or the fungi strains. Consequently, the antimicrobial activity of the compounds decrease when they give lower inhibition zone diameter against the tested bacterial and/or the fungi strains. Structural characterization and determination was carried out via elemental analysis, visible, mass, IR and 1HNMR spectroscopic data.

3-15

Authors: Abdelilah Benallou, Habib El Alaoui El Abdallaoui, Hocine Garmes

A detailed mechanistic study by molecular electron density of the Hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA) reaction of isoselenazole with unsymmetrical acetylenic dienophile is carried out. The high activation energy involved in the transition state of both Ortho and Meta cycloadduct implies that this reaction may not possible, even in the presence of solvent toluene. Besides, ELF shows that the not formation of the basin at the N2 nitrogen atom of isoselenazole moiety. Therefore, the negligible charge transfer between reagents and the large electron density attracted by the lone pair at the N2 atom, in addition to the C1SeN2 fragment distortion energy cost, they are not allowing the formation of the radicals (basins) necessary at the most significant atoms, these factors are probably responsible for the highest barrier activation.

25-40

Authors: Ignat Ignatov, Yuliana Pesheva

This review article views predominately the structure and function of animal and bacterial photoreceptor pigments (rhodopsin, iodopsin, bacteriorhodopsin) and their aspects of nano- and biotechnological usage. On an example of bacteriorhodopsin is described the method of its isolation from purple membranes of photo-organotrophic halobacterium Halobacterium halobium by cellular autolysis by distilled water, processing of bacterial biomass by ultrasound at 22 KHz, alcohol extraction of low and high-weight molecular impurities, cellular RNA, carotenoids and lipids, the solubilization with 0,5 % (w/v) SDS-Na and subsequent fractionation by methanol and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-200 Column balanced with 0.09 M Tris-borate buffer (pH = 8,35) with 0,1 % (w/v) SDS-Na and 2,5 mM EDTA. Within the framework of the research the mechanism of color perception by the visual analyzer having the ability to analyze certain ranges of the optical spectrum, as colors was studied along with an analysis of the additive mixing of two colors. It was shown that at the mixing of electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths, the visual analyzer perceive them as separate or average wave length corresponding to mix colors (Marinov, Ignatov, 2008).

53-60

Authors: Elena A. Ivantsova, Nikolay V. Onistratenko, Nadezhda V. German, Pavel A. Krylov, Anna A. Tikhonova, Valery V. Novochadov

The article presents the results of the study to analyze the plant and microbial soil associations in the composition of agrocenoses, natural steppe biocenoses and territorially integral areas of grasses on the border or within agrocenoses, mainly anthropogenic origin, named in the article as ‘intrusions’. We show the key relationships between the main participants (47 plant species and 24 species of soil microorganisms, ranked by number in the association) in concurrence for the assimilation of soil trace elements. On the basis of data on the number, main phenological characteristics of plants and microorganisms, as well as the content of manganese, nickel, copper and zinc in the soil, the main consort bonds in this biosystem were identified. The analysis of the general influence of concrete intrusions on the adjacent agrocenosis made it possible to identify trace elements and types of soil microorganisms, which increase helped to limit the negative impact of intrusions. The obtained data can be used to form biotechnologies for optimization of agrocenoses in the conditions of the arid zone.

52-59

Authors: N. Ourhriss, A. Zeroual, C. A. Gadhi, A. Benharref, A. Abourriche, A. Bennamara, A. ElHajbi

3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-2-nitro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzocycloheptene and 2,5,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3-dinitro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzocycloheptene has been synthesized using nitration reaction of ar-himachalene. Also, optimized geometry of the title compound are evaluated using HF and DFT/B3LYP with 6-31(d) basis set 6-31G(d) methods. Moreover, the 13C NMR chemical shift values of the molecule (2,5,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3-dinitro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzocycloheptene) are calculated using HF and DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d) and compared with experimental results. The global of the reactivity indices and Parr functions of the reagents were calculated by HF and DFT to identify the actives regions of these molecules, we found that these reactions are regiospecific.

66-73

Authors: Baigalmaa Luvsandorj, Morigen

The Escherichia coli two-component system, QseB/QseC signaling regulates expressions of more than 50 genes encoding flagellar proteins and proteins associated with virulence. In this work, we found that absence of the qseB gene led to an early initiation of chromosomal replication in a manner of medium-independent, the early initiation was shown to be reversed by ectopic expression of QseB from a plasmid pqseB. Further, absence of the qseB gene resulted in an increase of DnaA concentration and the purified QseB protein did not interact with the oriC DNA in vitro. The early initiation was also found in the ∆qseC mutant cells. These results indicate that absence of the QseB/QseC signaling increases concentration of DnaA and the later subsequently triggers the early initiation of replication. Flourescene microscope analysis showed that the QseC protein localized at cell membrane while QseB was in cytosol.

80-88

Authors: Oleg V. Gradov

The monograph (Luisi P.L. "The Emergence of Life: From Chemical Origins to Synthetic Biology", 2010, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York etc., 315 p.) is a well-written, informative book providing a novel view on the interrelation between the abiogenesis as the natural origin of life and synthetic biology as the artificial synthesis of life. This concept is specially known as autopoiesis. As its name implies, it is a correlate of self-organization, but this word has quite a broad meaning in the literature. Consequently, some further restriction is required for this term in abiogenetic, as well as in "biogenetic" applications. There is, in fact, one basic reason for considering the abiogenetic problem in terms of self-organization theory. It follows from the extremely boundless complexity of biological systems.

4-10

Authors: Alexey S. Afoshin, Philipp V. Kochetkov, Zhanna I. Andreeva-Kovalevskaya, Zhanna I. Budarina, Marina V. Zakharova, Alexander V. Lisov, Andrey M. Shadrin, Alexey A. Leontievsky

The PCR amplification of DNA molecules with a high GC content is a complex procedure and often requires optimisation. In last few years several improvements have been developed to facilitate the optimisation of PCR steps. In this work, five high-fidelity commercial DNA-polymerases for the amplification of GC-rich genes were tested. Using the most effective DNA polymerase, we were able to PCR amplify 161 of 187 (87 %) of target genes with a GC content from 57 to 77 % mostly up to 2500 bp long without an optimisation steps. The final yield of specific PCR products was more than 150 ng from 100 µL PCR reactions mix after the purification of specific DNA products by agarose gel electrophoresis.

23-29

Authors: Dimitar Mehandjiev, Ignat Ignatov, Stoil Karadzhov, Georgi Gluhchev, Atanas Atanasov

A two stage model of the physicochemical processes at the electrolysis of pure water is proposed. The presence of nascent hydrogen in the catholyte and nascent oxygen in the anolyte during the first stage explains the antioxidant properties of the catholyte and the strong biocidal action of the anolyte. In the second stage the nascent hydrogen and oxygen are combined into hydrogen and oxygen molecules, respectively. The comparison between their average energies with the average energy of the control sample of water shows an increase in the average energy of the catholyte and decrease in the average energy of the anolyte. This indicates that some changes in the structure of the activated water have occurred.

43-49

Authors: A. Zeroual, M. El Idrissi, R. El Ajlaoui, N. Ourhriss, S. Abouricha, N. Mazoir, A. Benharref, A. El Hajbi

The mechanism and regioselectivity of diazomethane with 2-methyl-but-2-ene and (diazomethylene)dibenzene with Methylene-trifluoromethyl-phosphane in [3+2] cycloaddition, have been theoretically studied at the DFT/ B3LYP/6-31(d) computational level. The possible ortho/meta regioselective channels were explored and characterized, the energies analysis associated with the different reaction pathways and the analysis of the density map of the transition indicates that the 1,3-DC reaction of diazomethane with 2-methyl-but-2-ene and (diazomethylene)dibenzene with Methylene-trifluoromethyl-phosphane are highly regioselective, in good agreement with the experimental observations.