Azerbaijanian Journal of Economics and Social Studies

52-59

Authors: N.V.Shirinov, F.İ.Racabzade, R.B.Baghirov, M.M.Majidli

The main purpose of this research is to analyze issues related to “life expectancy at birth” in Azerbaijan. “Life expectancy at birth” for males and females has been analyzed separately and comparatively with other countries in the research. Thus, the average “life expectancy at birth” was found to be 71.96 years for this period. This indicator has been equal to 75.16 for females, 68.69 years for males. In the article, the factors affecting the disparities in “life expectancy at birth” have been touched. In addition, the relation between “life expectancy at birth” and related factors such as GDP and public health expenditure has been investigated. The data used in the article are related to the period of 1995-2014. According to the results, it has been found to be strong positive correlation between “life expectancy at birth”, public health expenditure and GDP in Azerbaijan

69-75

Authors: Riad Bagirov

After gaining the independence Republic of Azerbaijan has entered a new stage of development of foreign economic relations. Support for free trade in the country, an important geostrategic position, and the removal of customs barriers contributed to the growth of foreign trade turnover. İn the research, export, import, as well as the relationship between the trade balance and GDP have been investigated by applying simple regression analysis. The data used in the article are related to the period of 2000-2015. According to the results of the research, it appeared to be present the strong positive correlation between variables.

94-108

Authors: Zeeshan Shafique, Muhammad Ilyas, Nadia Nasir

This study investigations the effect of exchange openness on wages .We have analysed the instance of Pakistan where exchange openness has positive effect on ostensible wages. We have utilized ARDL methodology of cointegeration to direct this observational investigation. Other than exchange openness, there are some different variables which impact compensation which likewise influence compensation however are excluded in the study. We have led the exact investigation utilizing information from Pakistan financial overview 2013 and ILO-worldwide compensation database 2012 and World Bank databases

17-34

Authors: Zeynalli Alisa Tavakkul

The economic mechanism which have characterize of purposeful actions of people, is covers (unites) in itself very difficult systems of mechanisms. Its central elements: productions, exchange (trading) and consumer systems of relations. Effective actions of its legal, organizational-administrative and registration-accounting of mechanisms are having the big importance. Rationality of action of the economic mechanism more depends on utility functioning of serving such mechanisms as prices, an expenses, taxes, investments, insurance, crediting, state regulation, financial, mechanisms of distribution of cost and redistribution of added cost, geographical (regional) actions of subjects. Thus, the economic mechanism is original systems of mechanisms with closely co-operating elements. What formation any one hindrances or the negative phenomena in one of these elements will immediately negatively affect stable work of all economic mechanism as a whole. Keywords: the economic mechanism, the mechanism of production relations,the mechanism of exchange (trading) relations, the mechanism of consumer relations, the services mechanisms

52-70

Authors: Goran Rajović

The concept of sustainable development is a relatively new concept that has been introduced in order to overcome the shortcomings of previous models of development. Sustainable development seeks to establish a balance between the various dimensions of development: economic, environmental and social. Nevertheless, despite the high usage of the term, it is necessary to better understand the concept of sustainability in order to facilitate the implementation of this model of development (Štrbac et al, 2012). Taking this in account, this paper provides an overview of the sustainability of urban development as a prerequisite for the creation of a sustainable city. To address this need to be familiar with are urban development, urban environment and social - intellectual norms in society scalable financial and political parameters. It can be argued that every generation has the right to regulate their environment according to their needs and capabilities, however there is a parallel obligation of this generation to its successors, in subsequent generations, leave enriched, but not ruined urban space.

29-53

Authors: Namig Shalbuzov

In the modern world, where food security has become one of the main challenges of society, profitability of agricultural production gains a specific importance. Thus the main objective of this study is to determine the most profitable structure of sown area in Azerbaijan through allocation of the sown area according to requirements of crops and the natural-climatic conditions of the regions. Taking these factors into account the profitability of current structure of sown area in Azerbaijan has been analyzed. The analysis, have been implemented on crop and regional level. This is important, as Azerbaijan has 10 economic regions and natural-climatic conditions of these regions differ from each other. Also, each group of crops requires specific temperature and water resources. In order to gain the main goal, the profit of each group of crops per hectare for the last ten years for each region of the country and the average profit for this period has been calculated. Based on the comparison of results the most profitable crops for each region have been determined. The natural-climatic conditions of the regions and temperature and water requirements of each group of crops have also been analyzed in order to find the evidence based reasons for the profitability of different crops in different regions. And based on the results of this analysis the more profitable structure of sown area for the country have been determined. Detailed calculations, analysis and research taking into account new socio-economic conditions make this study a valuable document and the results of this research can be used to assure the food security of the country, as a background information for policy making in agriculture, regional development programs, specialization of agricultural production in regions and so on. Key words: food security, agriculture, efficiency, profitability, profit, land use, land resources

75-98

Authors: Eldar Guliyev

Specialization on regional level has been researched and the best structure is defined. It is noted that specialization plays important role in development of agriculture and efficient use of resources. Also, ensuring the level of specialization could provide the appropriate location of the processing industry. Keywords: agriculture, economic regions, specialization level, production direction, economic efficiency.

116-125

Authors: Akif Sadigov

Soil and climatic conditions of Azerbaijan allow cultivation of apples, pears, grapes, pomegranate, plum, quince, peach, apricot, cherry and other fruits. The issues of increasing the production of pomegranate in country is researched in this article. In 2014, 153423 tons of pomegranate was produced in Azerbaijan. This is 2 times more compared to 2000. The importance of increase the production pomegranate is put forward by the author and proposals related to the solution of problems in this area are prepared. Keywords: Azerbaijan, pomegranate, production, pomegranate juice, pomegranate tree

48-61

Authors: Johnson Olaosebikan Aremu

This paper examines the element of continuity in Nigeria’s pursuance of the principle of African centeredness of her foreign policy between 1960 and 1999.It notes that since the foundation of the principle was laid by Nigeria’s first and perhaps only Prime Minister, Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa in 1960, subsequent regimes, both military and civilian, have kept and respected this commitment. They have also poignantly made it an article of faith for the country’s foreign policy; though differences in strategy occurred from one regime to the other due largely to the idiosyncratic disposition of individual leader. The paper concludes that in the African spirit of brotherhood, Nigeria’s huge human and material resource endowments really conferred on her great responsibilities to other African states. However, a lot still need to be done domestically to strengthen her weak institutions of government; enhance her economic viability; and promote a strong sense of social cohesion among its diverse peoples in order to enhance her leadership capacity within the continent. Keywords: Nigeria, Foreign Policy, Afrocentric, Decolonization, Hostility

68-83

Authors: İsgəndərov Ramiz

Practice of an economic-statistical estimation of results of activity of branches of economy as a whole, including branches of agriculture of the country is not perfect. Presence of certain lacks in studying of natural volume of output of products and services, level of the price of manufacturers and consumer prices do not allow to calculate the total cost of manufacture, cost of industrial expenses and the value added cost. Also, distribution of the value added cost, calculation of such economic indicators as incomes, profits, etc., studying of level of specialization, indicators economic efficiency of subjects and economy branches becomes impossible. Article is devoted to formation of methodology of an economic-statistical estimation of results of activity of branches of economy and its perfection according to requirements of methodology SNA of 2008. Keywords: economic mechanism, mechanism of production relations, mechanism of exchange (trading) relations, mechanism of consumer relations, mechanism of the prices, expense mechanism, financial-credit mechanism, the tax mechanism, economic mechanism of production of co-operatives.

97-108

Authors: Zeynalli Alisa

Practice of an economic-statistical estimation of results of activity of branches of economy as a whole, including branches of agriculture of the country is not perfect. Presence of certain lacks in studying of natural volume of output of products and services, level of the price of manufacturers and consumer prices do not allow to calculate the total cost of manufacture, cost of industrial expenses and the value added cost. Also, distribution of the value added cost, calculation of such economic indicators as incomes, profits, etc., studying of level of specialization, indicators economic efficiency of subjects and economy branches becomes impossible. Article is devoted to formation of methodology of an economic-statistical estimation of results of activity of branches of economy and its perfection according to requirements of methodology SNA of 2008. Keywords: economic mechanism, mechanism of production relations, mechanism of exchange (trading) relations, mechanism of consumer relations, mechanism of the prices, expense mechanism, financial-credit mechanism, the tax mechanism, economic mechanism of production of co-operatives.

15-29

Authors: Zeynalli Alisa Tavakkul

Сo-operation is a voluntary association of subjects of the economic relations system, having uniform purpose on production of products and rendering of services. It is considered an original method of the scientific organisation of works as legal and so physical persons. They carry out especially significant functions of business. Industrial-technological relations between them are under construction on the vertical and horizontal forms of integration defined according to the contract arrangement of obligations are carried out with high a sense of responsibility and at the expense of exact observance agreed an operations procedure and at last is reached desirable effective productivity. The basic signs on which co-operative societies differ from other forms of businessmen: presence of the joint (general) property; an estimation of business relations approximately at level of expenses, distribution of all incomes which have arrived over these expenses between members of co-operative society in conformity of a proportion enclosed by them of a share of payments and property; restriction influence of members of co-operative society agrees a principle «each member has only one voice», is not dependent on volume of the enclosed capital and property. Keywords: cooperation, integration, production co-operatives, consumer co-operative societies, cooperation systems, a member of cooperation, an associative member of cooperation, vertical cooperation, horizontal cooperation.

46-59

Authors: Ulviyye Aydın

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a great threat for peace and security in South Caucasian region. The European Union has not any direct involvement to the resolution process, supporting the negotiations towards a peaceful settlement leading by the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe Minsk Group. However, previous attempts of the Minsk Group were unsuccessful to resolve this problem. The European Union has close relations with both sides of the conflict, Armenia and Azerbaijan, under the European Neighbourhood Policy and Eastern Partnership. Considering that the European Union extended its borders to the Black Sea, it become more involved to the security issues in both Black Sea and South Caucasus. There are too many studies in the literature emphasizing the several formats that may be used by the Union in Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution. However, focusing on the importance of the international organizations’ role in conflict management and necessity of the peace and stability in the South Caucasus, this paper argues that in the light of existing geopolitical environment the European Union is lacking in producing real solutions for Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Key Words: Armenia, Azerbaijan, European Union, Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict, Peace, Resolution.

94-99

Authors: Akif Veliyev

Məqalədə müstəqillik əldə etdikdən sonrakı yeni iqtisadi sistemdə Azərbaycanda əkinçilik sisteminin formalaşmasından və ona təsir edən amillərin tətbiqi səviyyəsindən danışılır. Eyni zamanda konkret təsərrüfatlar timsalında əkinçilik sisteminin tətbiqinin nəticəliliyi qiymətləndirilir və intensiv texnologiyanın əkinçilik sisteminin inkişafına təsiri əsaslandırılır. Açar sözlər: Əkinçilik sistemi, təsərrüfatlar, əsas amillər, intensivləşmə, intensiv texnologiya.

106-112

Authors: Hamid Jafarov

This article reveals character of business environment and its formation as a part of the system of economic relations. Also the impact of this factors on modern production and economy has been researched. In line with above mentioned systematization of the factors of public production is put forward as separate approach. Key words: business environment, public production, the formation of the business environment, corporate activities, ethical problems