Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management

33-66

Authors: Duygu Deniz & Metin Reyhanoğlu

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the reasons why refugees who immigrated to Turkey due to the domestic turbulence in Syria become entrepreneurs in the framework of the push-pull model. Methodology: Face-to-face interviews are conducted with a total of 30 Syrian ‘urban entrepreneurs’ in Hatay, Gaziantep, Mersin, and Istanbul in 2016. The snowball method is used in order to contact with the refugee entrepreneurs who are registered to trade associations. The responses given through an interpreter to the semi-structured questions were coded and categorized. Findings: Syrian refugees’ socio-economic problems such as language problems, discrimination, legal problems, obstacles to access resources, and low wages push them to entrepreneurship. The willingness to turn these problems into an opportunity is the most important factor that attracts experienced entrepreneurs to entrepreneurship. Results and Implications: The push and pull factors in refugee entrepreneurship coexist in the same person. Although in this study it is low, the impact of social network and capital on refugee entrepreneurship should be examined in following new studies. Originality: Although the reasons why Syrian refugees turn towards entrepreneurship are important in terms of socio-economy, these reasons have not been examined in the literature. This study is important in terms of the evaluation of the factors that determine the causes of refugee entrepreneurship and preparing the individual and integrating them into the country.

79-95

Authors: Ibrahim Arpacı

Purpose: Positive contributions of the innovation capability on the academic success of the students and development of the personal innovation competence by applying up-to-date pedagogies and activities have recently become a significant research topic. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between students’ individual innovativeness profiles and their academic success in the project development course in a sample of 120 undergraduate students. Methodology: The study adapted into Turkish and applied the “Individual Innovativeness Scale” (IIS) developed by Hurt, Joseph and Cook (1977) to identify the innovativeness profiles of the participants. Findings: The results suggested a statistically significant and positive relationship between the students’ individual innovativeness profiles and their academic success in the project development course. Further, the results indicated a statistically significant difference between female and male students in their academic success of the project development course. Practical Implications: The quantity and quality of research and development lectures that support innovative thinking should be improved. Further, innovative instructional methods could be employed to provide students with reasoning, analytical thinking, critical thinking, reflective thinking, and problem solving skills. Originality: This study was conducted in an authentic learning environment during the 14-week lecture period and the significant relationship between the participants’ innovation profiles and their academic achievement in the project development course was revealed.

25-52

Authors: Caglar UCLER

Companies need to innovate to remain competitive. It enables the cope of change by new products, services or processes. However, continuous innovation is not an easy task. Hence, innovation management systems are being implemented, supporting ideation and successive idea selection at early stages on the front end of new product development and process re-/design. This is a complex task, requiring portfolio management subject to systematic multiple criteria assessment. Thus, first the antecedents of the innovation output are outlined with literature research verified by selected participants of TIM’s InoSuit project. Then, the weights of these items are determined by this integrated team of experts and academicians using AHP delivering the basis for the analytical assessment for the initial idea selection.

75-101

Authors: Fatma Nur Karaman KABADURMUS & Ozgur KABADURMUS

In today’s increased competitive business environment, the supply chain performances of companies are directly related to their innovations. The existing studies on innovation and supply chain in literature fail to explicitly analyze innovation in the entire supply chain, and empirical studies that focus on the factors affecting supply chain innovation are rare. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting firm-level supply chain innovation. To this end, we use data from 2013 Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey, jointly conducted by The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the World Bank. According to results based on a logit model, R&D activities, export intensity and labor structure are the most critical factors

25-50

Authors: Özgür Özer, Burcu Selin Yılmaz, Umut Avcı

This study investigates the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on firm performance in Turkish Hotel Industry. 216 hotels that are four and five star hotels have been surveyed by using questionnaire forms. Corporate entrepreneurship has been conceptualized to include dimensions of innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness and competitive aggressiveness; while performance has included financial and non-financial aspects of firm performance. Regression has been conducted to identify the effects of independent variables on financial and non-financial performance. The results of this study prove that three dimensions of CE –proactiveness, innovativeness, and competitive aggressiveness– have positive effects on both financial and non-financial performance.

73-96

Authors: Oluseye Oladayo Jegede

The paper contributes to the on-going discussion on innovation modes and innovation systems in literature Primary data was collected from mining companies in six states in Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered to one hundred and fifty mining companies in the six states-being all companies with mineral title. Questionnaire was used to elicit information on the different sources of information for innovation, the innovation output and financial performance (turnover). One hundred and six questionnaire were completed with accuracy and found useful for analysis. Three models were used to address the study’s objectives: model one and two employed Binary Logistic Regression (maximum likelihood method) was used to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between the information sources and the innovation outputs (technological and non-technological innovations). Model three deployed linear regression (ordinary least square method) to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between innovation output and performance.

131-154

Authors: Cem Işık, Ekrem Aydın

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the values of social responsibility, altruism, honesty and empathy on entrepreneurial tendencies and the role of innovation in this effect. For this purpose, survey data were obtained from the tourism students who are studying in the field of tourism. According to the research results, social entrepreneurs are not only innovative but also self-sacrificing, honest, responsible and empathic individuals. In addition, innovation has a partial effect on the influence of personal values on social entrepreneurship. These results show that individuals with these personal values should be encouraged to social entrepreneurship.

173-200

Authors: Gökçen Arkalı Olcay, Indranil Bardhan, Vish Krishnan

The impact of R&D investments cannot be evaluated separately from the investments made in information technologies in today’s highly digitalized knowledge economy. Besides, there is a mixed evidence in the prior management literature on the impact of expensive R&D investments on either firm productivity or firm performance measures. This study explores the role of IT as a catalyst in enhancing the productivity of R&D processes using a unique multi-year firm level data of large global firms all over the world. The findings suggest that R&D and IT do not simply interact for better firm performance at all circumstances. The interaction effects are observed for industrial firms that spend more on R&D relative to their peers in the same industry; but not for firms that are in more knowledge-intensive industries. This study sheds light on the joint effects of R&D and IT making several other implications for companies and practitioners.

27-64

Authors: Özlem FİKİRLİ & Ahmet Kibar ÇETİN

Technological development which settle center of economic policies nowadays, supplies that creative destruction theory which handled by Schumpeter who have lots of studies in this subject and hasn’t lost importance from past to present, front us as a rising subject. The aim of this study determines traces of Schumpeterian creative destruction theory in economic thought. There is some traces of Schumpeterian creative destruction at studies of different economists from Classical, Neoclassical and Marxist thought. It is detected that all of the economists whose studies tackle in study scope refer technological development direct or indirect for economic development alike Schumpeter. The factor of technological development appearance is; profit motive of capitalist for Smith, Ricardo and Nelson and Arrow, rising in competitive capasity behind profit motive for Marshall, spread of information in noneconomic sectors for Solow, motive of have a social residual for Marx. Schumpeter describes basic factor of technological development appearance as an enterpreneurship’s psychological motives like achievement motive, interest as well as profit motive.

91-114

Authors: CANGUL KUS

The investment on knowledge production with a view to creating a competitive, innovative and development based system for the economic development of countries manifests itself as the most fundamental and highest in return among all investments. However, the facilitation of innovation is only possible when universities as knowledge producing institutions and industry as the structure that utilizes knowledge and transforms it into products ensure an effective co-operation. In this study, the EHIS LAB (HVAC-R Accredited Test And Analysis Laboratory) Project supported by the İzmir Development Agency is examined within the scope of the Triple Helix Model (Etzkowitz, Leydersdorff, 2008) which explains the university - industry- government collaboration. This study will study the taxonomy of EHİS LAB in consideration of the Triple Helix Model discuss the participation of each actor to the project in the scope of the above mentioned necessities. The main argument of the discussion is to put forward the combining role and function of the development agencies as institutions that represent the government and to be able to offer suggestions related to regional and national institutions and processes in order for the Triple Helix Model to be utilized efficiently.

145-172

Authors: Rüstem Barış YEŞİLAY & Volkan YAVAŞ

Nowadays, entrepreneurs are regarded as the main actors of economic growth and development. Country’s entrepreneurship potential is claimed to determine its power of to compete, create innovation and capture to world market. For this reason, all the developed and developing countries try to restructure their economies and infrastructures according to this understanding and take care of new generations to transform them from being an employee to entrepreneur by promoting entrepreneurship activity. The aim of the study is to evaluate students’ aspect of entrepreneurship who is potential employees of aviation industry that have intense competition and entrance barrier. The method of this study is to apply a questionnaire to higher vocational school’s students (short cycle) studying in civil aviation programmes in Turkey in order to evaluate hypotheses that have been determined. According to the findings obtained from the application, it has been discussed that if the entrepreneurship effort in the aviation sector will be limited to main players / businesses such as "airlines, ground services, etc." or not. The study ends with the section containing the results and recommendations.

20

Authors: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Serkan Altuntaş & Prof. Dr. Türkay Dereli

Defense industry is one of the most important branches of industries which increase the global competitiveness of the countries. Development of a technology in the defense industry affects only the defense industry first, but it affects other industries in subsequent years. Patents are extensively used for technology analysis in the literature. In this study, ammunition and blasting technologies (ABT) are analyzed based on patent data. All patents related to ABT are retrieved from Turkish Patent Institute (TPE) by using international patent classification (IPC) code. 307 patents are obtained in total. The total number of patents, the total number of countries and associations among technologies are analyzed to go into the details of ABT. The results of this study will help investors, decision makers and policy makers about ABT.

30

Authors: Cem ışık & Ekrem Aydın

Knowledge has to be combine through elaborating and translation to explicit form for recipient to provide use of internal knowledge by exploring external knowledge in contemporary businesses. By this means employees provide the basis for innovative organization culture in firm through combination of knowledge, speciality, competency and ideas. Employees whose work in accommodation establishment has such a organizational culture can be effective by behaviours on tourists’ experience. Within this scope, in this study has investigated the impact of knowledge sharing on innovative work bahaviour (IWB) from employee perspective whose work in accommodation establishment. For this purpose, data were derived from 205 respondents working in accommodation establishment in Ayder, Rize. Data were collected from accommodation establishments employees via face to face questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlation and regression analysis have been used in data analysis process. The survey responses indicated that the relationships between idea generation, opportunity exploration which are dimensions of IWB and knowledge sharing are significant but not strong, relationships between idea application, idea championing which are other dimensions of IWB and knowledge sharing are not significant. Also, knowledge sharing has significant effects on only idea generation and opportunity exploration dimensions bu not strong.

36

Authors: Gökhan ÖZKUL & Emre ÖRÜN

The rising of wealth and welfare of a society depend on developing entrepreneurship and innovation potential which affect the economic growth. With the rapid change in the globalization and information and communication technologies, entrepreneurship and innovation have been important factors which contribute to efficiency. Thus, entrepreneurship and innovation are indicated in a lot of developed and developing countries as basic resources of sustainable economic growth. In this context, the influence of the entrepreneurship and innovation on the economic growth has been examined by utilizing the GEM data between 2002 and 2013 of the 9 OECD countries with full data by panel data analysis in the article. According to the research findings, technological innovation intensity has been positive and meaningful impact on economic growth in the five models except one and entrepreneurship which has been considered as a new firm formation has been positive and meaningful impact on the economic growth in just one model in which entrepreneurship has been built as a necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity.