Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal

5

Authors: Ayu Oshin Yap Sinaga, David Septian Sumanto Marpaung

Proteases is a proteolytic enzyme that often determined the crucial process in degradation pathway occurred in all of organisms. Prediction of novel protease is important action to design the protease inhibitor. In the secretion of rice αAmy3 protein in outside cells will be followed by secretion of recombinant protein target and proteolytic enzymes together, which means potentially also degraded the recombinant protein target In this study, the proteases was detected in rice αAMY 3D protein sequences. Our study resulted the 3 major proteases appeared in rice αAMY 3D protein sequences, they were cysteine proteases, serine proteases and metalloproteases. Based on the literature, such proteases also appeared in rice suspension cells. Design the inhibitor for such proteases will be suggested for reduction of proteases level.

7

Authors: Rishav Pandit, Ravi Bhatta, Pooja Bhusal, Basistha Acharya, Subash Subedi, and Jiban Shrestha

Developing host resistance is an economic and long-term approach to disease management; however, resistance reactions that differ depending on the genotypes. Potato late blight is the devastating disease caused due to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. In order to identify late blight resistance in potato genotypes, seven local potato cultivars (Bardiya Rato Local, Bardiya Seto Local, Cardinal, Deukhuri Rato Local, Deukhuri Seto Local, Kailali Local and Khumal Ujjowal) were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during October 2018 to January 2019 on naturally infested soils in Deukhuri, Dang, Nepal. Results showed that significantly the highest disease incidence (99.17%), and the highest disease severity (88%) were found on Cardinal followed by Deukhuri Rato Local (64%), and Deukhuri Seto Local (60%). Potato cultivar namely Khumal Ujjowal was moderately resistant, whereas Deukhuri Rato local and Deukhuri Seto Local were susceptible to late blight disease. Significantly the highest yield (12.67 t ha-1) was produced by Khumal Ujjowal followed by Bardiya Rato Local (10.78 t ha-1) and Bardiya Seto Local (9.40 t ha-1). The disease incidence and Area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC) value was negatively co-related with the tuber yield. The potato cultivar Khumal Ujjowal followed by Bardiya Rato Local were found moderately resistant to late blight disease in Deukhuri conditions. This study suggests that potato cultivar Bardiya Rato Local can be grown for higher tuber production in Dang and similar topographic regions.

7

Authors: Putu Shantiawan Prabawa, I Putu Parmila, Made Suarsana

The viability and vigor of tatsoi expired seeds can be improved by invigoration with hydropriming method using natural plant growth regulator (PGR) like cocunut water, shallot extract and aloe vera extract. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect and type of natural PGR which gave best effect on viability and vigor of the tatsio expired seeds. This research was conducted at the Paranet House of Agriculture Faculty, Panji Sakti University, from March-April 2020. This research was arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replication an if the F-test results were significant followed by LSD test at 5% level. The treatment tested were: Z0 (Aquades/Control); Z1 (25% Coconut Water); Z2 (50% Coconut Water); Z3 (25% Shallot Extract); Z4 (50% Shallot Extract); Z5 (25% Aloe Vera Extract) and Z6 (50% Aloe Vera Extract). The results showed that natural PGR immersion significantly affected the viability and vigor of tatsoi expired seeds, and the treatment of 50% coconut water (Z2) gave the best effect.

10

Authors: Heri Setyawan, Sri Manu Rohmiyati, Jhon Hardy Purba

Seedling performance is a prerequisite for successful palm oil cultivation. Determining the growth of seedlings in addition to genetic factors can also be influenced by the provision of nutrients at the beginning of growth. This research was conducted with the aim to get the best combination of cow manure with urea and NPK on the growth of oil palm seedlings in pre-nursery. This experiment used a factorial design, consisting of a single factor arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), which is a combined application of cow manure, urea fertilizer and NPK fertilizer consisting of 4 combination levels (0.4 g urea + 0.4 g NPK; 0.2 g urea + cow manure fertilizer, 0.2 g NPK + cow manure fertilizer, and 65 g cow manure fertilizer). Research data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance level. The results showed that administration of a combination of 0.2 g urea + 40 g cow manure produced the best growth of oil palm seedlings, although it had the same effect as a combination of 0.4 g NPK fertilizer + 50 g cow manure, whereas the combination treatment of 0.4 g urea + 0.4 g NPK fertilizer and 65 g cow manure treatment resulted in lower growth of oil palm seedlings.

15

Authors: Sifa Sobianti, Loekas Soesanto, Suciati Hadi

This research aimed to know (1) various species of seed-borne pathogenic fungi in five paddy varieties, and (2) germination percentage of five paddy varieties. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Class I Agricultural Quarantine Institute Semarang, from March until May 2019. This research used completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpago Unsoed Parimas, IR64, Ciherang, and Situ Bagendit varieties. Isolation and identification of seed-borne pathogenic fungi was carried out on blotter test and PDA observed under stereo and compound microscope, then compared to literatures. Variables observed were pathogenic colonies morphology, fungal pathogen morphology, and germination percentage. Result of the research showed that (1) in all varieties of paddy seeds there are seed-borne pathogenic fungi, but not all fungi are found in each variety. Various type of seed-borne pathogenic fungi found were Alternaria padwickii Ganguly, Aspergillus flavus Link, Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedjin, Curvularia pallescens Boedjin, Drechslera oryzae Breda de Haan, Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Rav. [W&R, G,B,J], Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kuhn, Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl., dan Tilletia barclayana Bref., and (2) every paddy variety differed seed germination percentage. The germination percentage was found from IR64 to Ciherang, Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpago Unsoed Parimas, and Situ Bagendit as 85.75, 81.75, 80.25, 76.5, and 70%, respectively.