Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics

92-101.

Authors: Md. Moinuddin Sheam, Zahurul Haque, Zulkar Nain

Plant-derivatives impose a huge momentum in the field of medical science lately due to their wide-spectrum therapeutic attributes. Owing to the emerging drug resistance and hazardous side-effect of synthetic drugs, phytochemicals are now coming into play as a source of new and effective therapeutics. Mikania micrantha is a medicinal plant commonly found in tropical Asian countries including Bangladesh. The pharmacological significances of this plant were reported earlier which include a diverse range of antimicrobial and therapeutic potencies. However, the rapid-growing nature and covering surrounding flora reckoned M. micrantha as one of the world’s most invasive weeds. Therefore, it is essential to understand if the therapeutic essence of M. micrantha outweighs its invasiveness. In this brief review, we tried to explore the biological activities of M. micrantha. The future perspectives regarding the management of its invasiveness were also highlighted in this limited scope.

109-115.

Authors: Marzia Rahman Tona, Abu Montakim Tareq, Mohammed Aktar Sayeed, Md. Hasan Mahmud, Israt Jahan, Shahenur Alam Sakib, Mutakabrun Shima and Talha Bin Emran

The present study design to assess the qualitative phytochemical constituents responsible for anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of Caryota mitis leaves. The freshly collected Caryota mitis leaves extracted with methanol (MECM) to evaluate the secondary plant metabolites along with anti-inflammatory activity by protein denaturation assay. Thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity investigated using human blood clot lysis and brine shrimp lethality bioassay, respectively. The MECM exhibited several secondary plant metabolites named alkaloid, glycoside, protein, flavonoid, reducing sugar, saponins, and phenolic compound. The MECM extract (62.5-1000 μg/mL) exhibited an extremely significant (P < 0.0001) 6.06-45.45 % inhibition of protein denaturation against positive control diclofenac sodium (43.11-85.48%). In thrombolytic, the MECM exhibited 24.29 % significant (P < 0.0001) protection against blood clotting, whereas the positive control streptokinase (75.35%). In the cytotoxic study, a significant (P < 0.05) percentage of mortality exhibited while 70% mortality of Brine shrimp after 24 h at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL with an LC50 value of 550.57 μg/mL whereas the positive control vincristine sulfate (1.63 μg/mL). The current results suggesting MECM has promising anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic activities with weak cytotoxicity.

122-127.

Authors: Md. Rezaul Karim, Dipayon Krisna Ghose, Md. Foyzur Rahman, Md. Tofazzal Hossain, Md. Rezanur Rahman, Md. Ataur Rahman, Rokibul Islam

Direct exposure to mosquito coil smoke (MCS) is a regular event in the entire life of most tropical country peoples, although it has countable significant health implications. However, noxious effect of mosquito coil smoke exposure on living being remains elusive. Herein, to address the mosquito coil smoke implication on health, Swiss albino mice were directly used to detect the health indicator alteration upon MCS administration as experimental model. In total 45 albino mice were grouped and exposed with MCS in two different time period viz, short time for 20 days and long time for 40 days. At the end of exposed time period, blood samples were collected and various health indicators analyzed. We revealed that biochemical indicators like serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, urea, glucose, cholesterol, and triacylglycerol (TG) as well as hematological indicators like red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and leukocyte (white blood cell) were significantly augmented in the exposed mice as compared to controls. In contrast, serum levels of total protein and albumin were remarkably decreased while serum creatinine and globulin level remained relatively unchanged. Furthermore, the microscopic analysis showed that the histopathological lesions were present on the lung tissue of exposed mice resulting, the alveolar septa and bronchiolar epithelial thickening, emphysema, and atelectasis of lung tissue as well as increased alveolar macrophages. Despite of, liver histopathology of the exposed mice showed same findings with a little deviation. Collectively, our findings propose that inhaling mosquito coil smoke induce significant health hazards on mice model followed by modification of vital health indicators and histological tissue-alignment alterations of lung and liver tissues.

135-142

Authors: Kariul Rakib, Zulkar Nain, Bulbul Ahammed, Mohammad Minnatul Karim

Over 60% of the global productions of industrial enzymes are proteolytic enzymes in which about 35% are alkaline proteases. The current microbial sources are unable to reach industrial demands of alkaline protease which led scientists to search new sources with enhanced enzyme activity. Therefore, we applied UV irradiation to develop a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant as a new source of protease overproduction, followed by cultural and nutritional optimizations. The mutagenesis was carried out by exposing parent strains to UV radiation (30w, 2537 Å) at 25 ºC with a different time interval. The protease activity was estimated as relative protease activity and standard protease assay (OD660). Among all, mutant strain P. aeruginosa–M25 (PA-M25) exhibited 75.47% increased protease activity over the parent strain in submerged fermentation. It showed 612.84±2.50 U/ml of alkaline protease production compared to 349.26±2.57 U/ml by wild-type strain (significant at P≤0.005). Besides, the effects of nutritional factors on the protease production by PA-M25 were also studied. We found the optimal alkaline protease production in the medium (adjusted to pH 9.0) supplemented with 1% (w/v) glucose as carbon source, 0.5% (w/v) casein as nitrogen source and 2% (w/v) NaCl when incubated at 35 ºC for 48 h without agitation. We believe that the mutant PA-M25 could be a potential candidate to meet the growing protease demands. However, further assessments regarding the characterization of the protease enzyme, as well as the industrial fitness of the mutant, are warranted.