Ukrainian Society

9-23

Authors: Heyets V. M.

Paper demonstrates how socialization and social innovations spread the social interaction of business and the state, based on the statement that socialization is functionally seen as a way to achieve a balance between competition, which forms actions to obtain higher business results, and mutual assistance to achieve social unity in the state through socialization. At the heart of competition and mutual assistance is socialization, which strengthens people’s desire to have a better life, which is especially vital for a less orderly society in which the functioning of the state occurs under the phenomenon of social distrust. To achieve the goals of stability in society and to support economic growth, the winners are the triumphers of the national solidarity spirit, achieved through social innovation, which through developing social interaction, creates conditions for sustainable development. Under the current conditions in Ukraine, it should be a matter of finding a balance between interests of the society, the state and the individual, which can be achieved through the social function of the state. This function should not restrict access to public goods, but rather ensure inclusive activities among economic institutions, which will suspend the destruction of social space, reduce inequality and intensify people’s behaviour, socializing their life activities in the social space of the country.

35-43

Authors: Vitkovska I. M.

Author uses secondary analysis of the results of empirical sociological and statistical studies to identify the main trends in the development of non-government organizations (NGOs) in Ukraine: the growing number of registered NGOs; increasing number of non-government social organizations and increasing number of implemented projects for the provision of social services to internally displaced persons, anti-terrorist operation participants and people who belong to vulnerable groups, or/and are in complicated life circumstances. The purpose of the article is to consider the current state of social responsibility of NGOs in Ukraine. The social responsibility of NGOs is defined in the paper as “a characteristic that is integrated into the activities of the NGO based on its Statute and implemented in practice by providing services on a professional basis, following international norms, to achieve socially significant goals, solving acute social problems, ensuring sustainable development of the community, the region, and the country as a whole”. To have an in-depth study of the basic principles of social responsibility of NGOs, the author conducted a content analysis of 200 websites of NGOs. Content analysis questionnaire included such indicators as annual financial report; annual non-financial report; NGO’s development strategy; information about partners, etc. The main indicators of social responsibility of NGOs are in compliance of the organization’s charter developed according to requirements of the current Ukrainian legislation and the provisions of international standards; transparent activities taking into account the interests of stakeholders, availability of annual reports (financial and non-financial), etc.

62-77

Authors: Gakhovych N. H., Kushnirenko O. M.

The paper considers the conceptual grounds of the possibility of integration of the Ukrainian industry into circular value chains. The authors have identified the global challenges threatening the industry development of Ukraine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as border closings, the increased requirements of security due to isolation, the blockage of labour migration flows, the disruption of intermediate goods supply chains, the decline in production operations, a considerable shortage of capital, declining returns, undermining the financial stability and liquidity; increasing the probability of failure. Implementation of Ukrainian industry on the circular value chains contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and the prospects for the restoration of Ukraine’s industrial capacity in the harsh conditions of the coronavirus pandemic. Due to assessment of the losses caused by COVID-19 authors have shown that supply disruptions had effect on reducing the length of value chains, particularly in the machinery, metallurgy and textile sectors. The authors have determined that circular value chains maximize value-added throughout the product life cycle to increase the recycling of materials. The prospects for the integration of Ukrainian industry into circular value chains were justified, in particular, production of paper, paperboard, PET and glass; recycling of building debris, used clothing, tyres and organic waste; repair and rehabilitation of household appliances. An important role can be played by Ukrainian industry, which, although under challenging conditions, has sufficient potential in circular value chains. With this purpose, the following government incentives were developed: improvement of legislation, implementation of the principles of balanced Ukrainian development, financial support for projects aimed at developing a circular economy, as well as development of regional waste management plans with special focus on the European Green Deal.

91-103

Authors: Maidanik I. P.

The purpose of the article is to identify the main migration groups of big cities of Ukraine, to define the features of their involvement in cities labour markets and infrastructure services at the local level. The work is aimed at resolving the scientific contradiction between the high concentration of migrants in specific cities and researches, which are carried out mostly at the state level. The change of research focus from the national to the local level determines the relevance and novelty of the publication. The article structures the subject field of migration research at the level of certain settlements (localities). Depending on the degree of arrived population, integration into the organization of the city system, the article distinguishes two main types of persons: migrant visitors and migrant residents. The first group includes people who live outside big cities but make regular trips there to study or work (so-called pendulum and shift migrants). The significant impact of this group is on the transport infrastructure of Ukraine’s big cities, which is currently in need of renovation and modernization. Migrant residents, arriving in big cities, settle there for a long time or for good, thus creating more robust and diverse connections with the locality of arrival. This group’s presence mostly affects housing, communal, household and educational infrastructure of big cities. The category of migrant residents in big cities has quite a heterogeneous composition: this includes foreigners and Ukrainians who came from other regions (among which there is a large group of internally displaced persons). Socio-economic involvement of international immigrants largely depends on the legal status holding.

124-141

Authors: Pyvovarova N. P., Artiukh O. R.

The concepts of “decriminalization” and “legalization” of sex work are defined. Based on a sociological study, the attitudes of the Ukrainian public and sex workers to the potential change in the legal status of sex services in Ukraine is characterized. Authors analyse the public attitude toward the concepts and phenomena of “sex work” and “sex workers”, level of awareness of the population and sex workers about the current legislation in the scope of sex work regulation in Ukraine and the attitude to it, opinions on potential conditions of decriminalization and expected changes as a result of changes in the sex work legal status, level of interest of sex workers in the fact of decriminalization and legalization and their readiness for possible changes. These studies show an utterly predictable contrast between the attitudes, desires and expectations regarding potential changes in the legal status of sex work in Ukraine of the average Ukrainian and a sex worker – from disinclination and rejection of such changes by the first to the unreadiness and possible radiant hopes of the latter. Thus, 51% of Ukrainians oppose the revocation of penalty for the voluntary provision of paid sex services, while 93% of sex workers are interested in the revocation of such penalty. Modelling the situation where the penalty for sex work is revoked, the potential improvements suggested by sex workers are the following: safer working conditions and reduced risks of violence – 74%; the possibility of legal protection from the police – 67%, in court and prosecutor’s office – 64%; reduction of stigma at the level of society – 58%, at the level of self-esteem – 53%; expected reduction in health risks, including HIV/STIs – 49%. The appropriateness to form a public attitude to sex work as a type of entrepreneurial activity, which should be regulated by labour, civil, economic, financial and other branches of law, and to sex workers as those who are entitled to refuse (a client, employer, profession in general), appropriate working conditions and trade union or judicial protection, anonymity, social guarantees and pensions, self-organization, etc. are proved.

157-170

Authors: Nesterenko Ye. O., Liudohovska K. V.

Paper presents the results of the innovative youth project U-Report. Report for July – September 2020: youth health concerns, visiting doctors, health care for adolescents and young people, distance learning and work after the pandemic, support for distance learning teachers, career prospects for young people during the COVID-19 crisis, youth volunteer practices, the impact of quarantine for volunteering, barriers to volunteering, youth participation in local elections.