Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício

114-116

Authors: Antonio Coppi Navarro

Editorial

125-136

Authors: Nelson Kautzner Marques Junior

The aim of the study was to determine the fight zone with point during the female kumite of competition. This study used a quantitative research for identify the fight zone with point (ippon or waza-ari) or not during the female kumite of competition. Were selected on the Internet several championship of kumite of the JKA and of the ITKF. The study detected a high probability of point in the zone 7 and in the zone 2. The study determined that the most points at the corner occurred when the karateka practiced the attack in fight zone. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA verified significant difference between the fight zone with points, H (10) = 29,49, p = 0,001. The Mann Whitney U test detected significant difference between the zone 5 with waza-ari versus all the zone. The greatest number of points in the fight zone was in agreement with the size of the fight zone. The central zone or zone 5 has 6x6 m, during the female kumite occurred more points, total of 68 waza-aris and 5 ippons. The study on the fight zone with points of the female kumite permits that the karateka has knowledge about the combat zones and guides the karateka before, during and after the female kumite. However, more studies should be done to confirm these findings. Key words: Sport, Martial Arts, Athletic Training.

149-155

Authors: Carlos Alberto Basso, Homero Gustavo Ferrari

The Indoor Cycling (IC) is one of the most widely practiced today in gyms in Brazil and in the world. The IC is practiced on a stationary bike designed specifically for this type of class combining basic movements of traditional cycling combined with different musical rhythms. The IC is a predominantly aerobic exercise performed at high intensities, thus tools for monitoring these intensities by practitioners that is easy to use and low cost is needed. Therefore, the aims of this study are to examine the response of HR and RPE during classes IC and the relation between the two variables. The sample was composed of 10 women practitioners of IC mean age of 37.5 ± 9.4 years. Were monitored two classes of IC of each volunteer in training real conditions, measuring HR and RPE during the classes. The results indicate that the IC monitored classes are held in high intensity, on average 90.3 ± 4.3% HR max and 5.2 ± 0.9 for RPE. Also found high and significant correlation (r = 0.79, p = 0.02) between HR and RPE. In this way, given the results presented we conclude that the IC classes are held in high intensity, requiring great work cardiorespiratory system. In addition, high and significant correlation between HR and RPE indicates that this is a valid tool for monitoring the intensity of IC classes. Key words: Indoor cycling, Heart rate, Rating perceived exertion.

164-171

Authors: Flávio de Souza, Antonio Coppi Navarro, Julio Stancati Filho, Marcos Maurício Serra, Angelica Castilho Alonso

Introduction: Anthropometric measurements are associated with higher limiting of motor efficiency and the increase of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to compare the cardiorespiratory fitness of sedentary obese and non obese, and possible limitations during treadmill test. Materials and Methods: The study was performed in 48 sedentary obese and non-obese males, aged 30-50 years. Anthropometric data were collected: body mass, height, and calculated the body mass index (BMI), and all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test on a computerized treadmill for obtaining the following data: VO2La and VO2 max in ml/ kg/min, resting HR, maximum HR (bpm), and blood pressure (BP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) in (millimeters of mercury, mmHg) at the beginning and end of the test. Results in relation to blood pressure values were observed between 8 and 20% higher in the obese group, RPP and HR rest showed no significant differences between the groups, VO2max, and HR max Vo2La exhibit significantly lower in the group sedentary obese. Discussion: The implementation of physical activity imposes cardiorespiratory adaptations to the body, through which the physiological and metabolic compensation. A sedentary lifestyle coupled with the high percentage of body fat hinders these adjustments can bring functional repercussions. Conclusion: The group of obese has reduced cardiorespiratory fitness as a function of body mass and may limit their physical performance. Key words: Physical inactivity, Obesity, Cardio respiratory capacity, Ergospirometric.

183-191

Authors: Fernando Costa Baia, Wagner Soares Nascimento, Ana Rubia Menezes Barbosa, Adriano Robson Nogueira da Lucena, Joeliton Elias Pereira, Cidia Vasconcellos, Rafael Ayres Romanholo

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on the muscle strength in high school students. It was used the descriptive method and the sample consisted of 38 students, with a mean age of 15.4 (± 5.0) years old for both genders. For evaluation purposes, weight and height measurements were employed to predict body mass index (BMI), according to the international table of reference (Cole and collaborators, 2000). To analyze the physical fitness, we used the following physical tests: explosive strength of upper (medicineball pitch) and lower limb strength (standing long jump), proposed by Project Sport Brazil (PROESP-BR). The results showed that (88.5%) of the sample falls in the overweight classification, with a higher prevalence in females (85.7%). It was also found that the average forces in males was higher than in females and that there was influence of BMI on the lower limb strength for females. In conclusion, it seems that there is influence of BMI on the decreased strength of the lower limbs in females, indicating that, somehow, the excess of body weight in females tends to undermine the strength of the lower limbs. Key words: Adolescent, Physiology, Body Mass Index, Muscle Skeletal, Growth e development.

201-207

Authors: Daiane da Rosa, Moacir Pereira Junior, Fabio Henrique Ornellas, Hildegard Hedwig Pohl

Objective: To investigate the difference electromyography registers of the pectorals major muscle in the bench press exercise with or without prior triceps fatigued. Materials and Methods: The study included four male subjects aged 22-25 years with intermediate level training in bodybuilding, with goals in muscle hypertrophy, without any infirmity presented. The subjects performed 10 maximal repetitions in bench for electromyography evaluation. The procedure used for the analysis was the gathering of the electromyography signal of the pectorals major during movement execution of the bench press exercise without the exercises for triceps and their implementation on different days, with 80 hours apart. Results: It was found that changes were found in the electromyography signal in bench press exercise when compared with the burden versus performing triceps exercises before the bench press exercise. Conclusion: Thus differences were found when relating the load imposed on the bench press exercise to perform the same on the stimulation of the pectorals major, whether this is done before or after exercise for the triceps. Key words: Strength Training, Electromyography, Muscle activation, Monoarticular, Multiarticular.

215-225

Authors: Pablo Antônio Bertasso de Araújo, Samantha Nahas Guimarães, Fernanda Christina de Souza Guidarini

There is an agreement that exercise has beneficial effects in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, controversy exists about the intensity of exercise which produces maximum adjustments. The objective was to examine the best intensity for physical exercise in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The literature review was conducted in all the guidelines and consensus of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology from 1994-2010, related to cardiac rehabilitation and disease: Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, Chronic Heart Failure. Review was made of articles related to the intensity of exercise for patients with cardiovascular diseases. The results showed that aerobic exercise is highly recommended. The prescribed duration varies from 30-60 minutes. The frequency of 3-5 times/week. The guidelines propose intensities 60-80% of maximum oxygen consumption. Moreover, many studies have shown better results in vascular, cardiac and metabolic with the training of high intensity compared to moderate and low intensity. We conclude that the Brazilian guidelines are conservative and the intensity of exercise. We suggest using moderate and high intensity in rehabilitation programs. Key words: Aerobic exercise, Rehabilitation, Guidelines.

1-4

Authors: Vinicius Fernandes Cruzat

Editorial

14-23

Authors: Rodrigo Bergome Muniz, Igor de Sá Maia, Alexandre Elias Eiras, Rômulo Oswaldo Camacho Pierre Augusto-Silva, Victor Magalhães Curty

It is reported that a single session of resistance exercise provides to our bodies with an adaptation of shape subsequent exercises do not have the same effect stressful. Objective: To evaluate the repeated bout effect in exercise sessions with different intervals after a week of the first session. Materials and Methods: 14 men (18 to 30 years) engaged in strength training for a minimum of 6 months were divided into two groups A and B. The participants performed five sets, maximum repetitions with two minutes of rest between sets at 85% 1RM in biceps curl exercise unilateral Scott on the bench with the non-dominant arm. The second training session was performed 24 h later, for group A, and 48 hours later for group B. Blood samples were collected in pre measures, 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h, arm girth measurements, range of motion in flexion and extension, and measures of subjective perception of pain on palpation and by extension, before and after exercise every day of the tests. Results: When the first two exercise sessions were performed with shorter rest intervals (24 hours) due to increased pain sensation, maintaining range of motion and reduced activity for longer serum CK higher. Conclusion: Exercises with short intervals (24 hours) may modulate the repeated bout effect increasing the values of physiological variables and significant reductions in joint range of motion. Key words: Repeated bout effect, Serum CK activity, Range of motion, Subjective pain perception.

33-39

Authors: Leonardo Almeida Cavalcanti, Ademir Lentz, Marcia Garcia Lopes

This research is the application and study of the Tower of Hanoi to characterize the action level and the level of understanding of the game. The participants in the experiment were a total of 10 female students from 13 to 15 years old. Data were collected through recording the numbers of movements in second, errors and answers of 03 questions. From the physiological and intellectual development of the studied people, can be affirmed that there is a great practical distance between perform and understand a given task, there is a production of intellect that resulting in thought. Which can improve the planned and intentionally behavior used to solve a task, reflecting the strategic level of the subject. The results suggest an effect in the action of learning, but there was no understanding of learning. Key words: Tower of Hanói, Cognition, Physiology.

50-61

Authors: Paulo Barbosa Caldas Junior

The aim of this systematic review was assess the literature, comparing and analyzing the effect of high-intensity, exercise on aerobic and anaerobic, oxidation of body fat. The research was performed in electronic databases Portal Capes, Pubmed, Bireme and SciELO Brazil. Documents were searched from 2001 through 2012 and identified and selected 185 articles that addressed the desired words of search. After reading the complete articles, 25 were included, which met the following inclusion criteria: statistics of obesity globally and nationally, metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, aerobic exercise and anaerobic low and high intensity and EPOC Zone FatMax. For the analysis of the studies, we considered the following aspects: Identification and quantification of studies, author, type of study, year of publication, sample location, reference for comparison between aerobic exercise and anaerobic low and high intensity VS acid oxidation acids, identification of EPOC and heart rate in Zone FatMax. The regular aerobic and anaerobic exercises are important factors in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and increased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL). Both the strength exercise as aerobic promotes substantial benefits to health and fitness, including most of the risk factors of obesity. Physical activity can reverse the increasing prevalence of obesity, contributing through acute and chronic physiological changes. The review suggests that to obtain great energy expenditure and increased fat reduction, the ideal is maintain the moderate exercise at intensities between 60% and 70% in Zone FatMax. But as time optimization training exercise high intensity produces a similar result in the reduction of fat in a relative manner. With respect to the beneficial effects on lipoproteins, it is understood that the high intensity near or above 75% of VO2max significant effect on plasma levels of HDL-increasing and causing decrease in LDL. It was found that strength and aerobic exercises circuited and so are more efficient intermittent at best fat oxidation. Only the order promotes aerobic-strength increases the lifetime of the EPOC at a relatively high intensity 75% do VO2máx. Key words: Obesity, Lipids, Exercise intensity, EPOC.

68-79

Authors: Davi Alves de Santana

Introduction: The maintenance of lean body mass has been highlighted in the literature for their contribution on quality of life on individuals, important not only in locomotion as well as metabolism. Nutritional strategies have been adopted in order to cause significant increases in lean mass of practitioners of strength training. One such strategy relates to the supplementation of whey protein. Nevertheless term studies show efficacy with this type of intervention, this topic remains obscured. Objective: Verify the effects of whey supplementation during strength training in lean mass. Literature Review: This was a systematic review in which were included only randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials found in PUBMED database that met the established criteria. Eight trials were included in this analysis. Six trials showed no significant differences in the increase in lean body mass between the group supplemented with whey and placebo. The discrepancy in results may be attributed to the large number of factors inherent in the long term protocols which involve the maintenance of lean body mass. Conclusion: Strength training is an essential stimulus for lean mass gains could occur and the maintenance of adequacy nutritional state increase this adaptations. Nevertheless, actual scientific evidence suggest that whey supplementation in young during strength training do not show superiority compared to others protein sources or carbohydrates. Key words: Lean Mass, Strength Training, Protein Supplementation.

88-99

Authors: Alanna Severino Duarte Silva, Alisson Padilha de Lima, Fabrício Bruno Cardoso

Currently, stroke is a major cause of morbidity in the world and has subsidence exercise as a major agent in the recovery of the potential consequences for this accident occurred. Thus, this study aims to show the relationship of physical activity beneficial to the pathophysiological of stroke and its morph functional changes in the organic system of hemiparetic individuals. To ensure the achievement of the goal described an exploratory study was conducted, operated by means of a literature, as this is a highly appropriate strategy to review, analyze, interpret and criticize theoretical considerations or paradigms, and the selection and location of the references to substantiate the study occurred in reliable databases such as Bireme, Medline, Lilacs, Scielo and Ebsco. Therefore one can say that through this brief review that examined various types and methods of physical exercise programs, that it has a beneficial effect in improving the neurophysiologic squeal of motor perceptual system occurred, giving these individuals a better quality of life, and thus optimizing their functional independence an won the organic system. Key words: Physical exercise, Physiopathology, Stroke.

106-113

Authors: Walter Krause Neto, Eliane Florêncio Gama

During pregnancy, the woman and fetus-placental complex suffer various adjustments such as morphological and physiological adaptations. The regular practice of physical exercise promotes positive effects during pregnancy. However, many professionals suggest that this practice can bring potential risks for pregnancy and maternal-fetal health. An update of the literature was performed through an extensive search using the Pubmed database, and several mechanisms usually cited as problematic were raised. Exercise acts by modulating a number of positive adaptations on placental morphology and physiology, enabling a better exchange of gases and nutrients between mother and fetus. Both mother and fetus gain less weight and subsequent body fat during pregnancy, when the volume and intensity of exercise are analyzed in relationship to gestational age. In this study, we concluded that some beliefs about the practice of physical exercise was not support by literature and exercise should be assessed and prescribed according to gestational age. Key words: Pregnancy, Fetus, Mother, Trophoblast, Exercise.

447-449

Authors: Antonio Coppi Navarro

Editorial

459-466

Authors: Mauro Lúcio Mazini Filho, Nara Ignácio, Bernardo Minelli Rodrigues, Gabriela Rezende de Oliveira Venturini, Felipe José Aidar, Francisco de Assis da Silva, Dihogo Gama de Matos

Introduction: Capoeira is a Brazilian sport with its history rooted in a lot of rhythm, dance, fights, interventions political and popular. As sport is an excellent way to improve fitness in general. Objective: to prove that the regular practice of this sport by individuals adolescent males, would benefit the valences physical agility a flexibility. Methods: for this we used the agility test “Shuttle Run” and flexibility sit and reach with the help of the bank of Wells, before and after 14 weeks of training in Capoeira twice times a week with participation of adolescents (Experimental Group). Also were applied together the same tests on 10 male students (Control Group) in response to physical education classes and non- practice in Capoeira, to find the effectiveness of results. Results: were found in the agility test in the comparison group (score=0.14). In comparison within groups, the EG had a score of 0,005 and CG had a score of 0.21. In return for the flexibility test comparing between groups the result was not satisfactory (score = 0.59). But compared the results of pre-test and post-test in the experimental group only flexibility we see an improvement from an average of 38.84 ± 7.46 cm to 42.71 ± 7.88 cm. Conclusion: was that fourteen weeks of training capoeira improves agility and capoeira keeps the existing level of flexibility. Key words: Capoeira, Agility, Flexibility.

474-482

Authors: Wagner da Silva Batista, Fabio Henrique Ornellas

Introduction: According to the World Organization of Health (2001), the depression in a group of 20 diseases meets in fourth place, being responsible for premature death, standing out that 20% of the population sooner or later will be slain by the depression, The beneficial effects of the physical activity and of the exercise in the depression seem in an unanimous way to be sustained by the scientific literatures. Objective: to stand out the coming benefits of the systematized physical activity, to demonstrate that people that practice physical exercise can be protected or they possess a smaller depression degree. Materials and Methods: The study is of traverse court to the population of the research it was constituted by people of age 40 to 70 years inhabitants of the city of Cruz of the Souls - BA, that frequent academy for a minimum period of one year, and not visitors of academies. In the study, the observation was characterized through the collection of data, where two models of questionnaires were used, the Inventory of Beck for mensurar the depression level in the studied individuals and IPAQ 8.0 (version tans) with objective of identifying the level of physical activity. Results: They participated of the research 67 individuals with age 50.3, ± 1.53, I divide in two groups THE and B. in the first we found individuals that practice systematized physical activity (n=39) composed by 51% men and 49% women with age 50,2 ± 7.26, in the second group they are people (n=28) that don't follow systematized activities divided in 41% of men and 59% women with age 51 ± 8.07. Discussion: In the presented results, the light and moderated levels of depression were found in the two groups, with prevalence 2.01 in the group B. Conclusion: More active people physically meet more protected against disorders depressives in relation to the less active ones. Existing direct, even so inverse relationship between the low level of physical activity and increased levels of behavior depressive. Key words: Depression, Exercise, Pphysical activity.

489-500

Authors: Ricardo Augusto Leoni de Sousa, Francisco Navarro

Introduction: Diabetes is a world epidemy. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of strength training on lipid metabolism, in health, in patients with type II diabetes discussing and modifying concepts. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature and a systematic review for the construction of this article. The data base used was Scielo, Academic Google and Pub Med. Results: We analyses 56 articles and 10 were selected to assesstment. 70% of the selected studies are recents, from 2011 and 2012. There was a prevalence of the chronics over the acute, being 80% of them chronic studies. From the 10 analyses articles, we had as result that 90% were realized using high intensity exercise. Every article checked had as result a better blood glucose control. Discussion: There is a bigger worry nowadays than in the past with the research of originals studies that can prove how efficient the exercise can be. The acute or chronic exercise improves the health condition. The articles showed that the high intensity exercise is more efficient. The mechanism of the high blood pressure is directly linked to the blood glucose control. The resistance training showed to be an important tool to blood glucose control. Conclusion: The high intensity of the acute or chronic resistance training is considered to be a better regulator of the lipid metabolism than the moderate or low intensity and offers better results to patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Key words: Lipids, Fat, Lipoprotein, Diabetes, Resistance training.

508-516

Authors: James Fernandes de Medeiros

Back pain occurs indistinctly and causes damage to health of the population, in whom its prevalence is high. The amount of time and resources spent with patients who suffer from back pain is considerable and its demand for treatment has grown.The aim of the current paper is to analyse the effects of an exercise program on the painful symptoms and the physical aptitudes related to health. The research features a case study of a descriptive and interventionist character with a quantitative strategy for the analsis of data. The intervention occurred in a gyn located in the city of Natal/RN. The sample is constituted by a 48 year-old woman who suffers from cervical pain and in whose data collected was recorded antropometric measures, skin folds, circumferences by measuring tape, height with a sanny stadiometer, body mass (Filizola scale), aerobic tests ( Balkes Protocol) and flexibility ( Well' bench). To measure the pain it was used the Zabel and McGrew' questionnaire (1997). The results show that there has been an improvement in the score of the painful symptoms from 49 to 21 points, which demonstrate a reduction in pain. Furthermore it was also obtained discreet gains in the physical aptitudes related to health. The practice of physical exercises may be used as a non-medicine therapy, performed in the gym and which can decrease the painful symptoms, keep or improve physical aptitudes and help improve health. Key words: Neck pain, Therapeutics, Exercise, Physical fitness.

522-528

Authors: Henver Simionato Brunetta, Renata Gomes Navarro Kachvartanian, Antonio Coppi Navarro, Mônica Frighetto

Introduction: The long-distance running is receiving great dedication from the sport’s researchers regarding increasing performance therefore several physiological variables are important for it. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the heart rate deflection point, by the visual method which can be an efficient instrument for continuous aerobic training prescription. Materials and Methods: Ten (n = 10) runners (29.5 ± 6.4 years) took the test incremental test intermittent running from which was identified the HRDP for the prescription of two 30-minute workouts: a workout 10% below the HRDP, called subthreshold, and another 10% above, called suprathresh¬old. We used the statistical package SPSS 18.0 for data processing. Results: The lactate concentration during the subthreshold, as much in half time workout (3.85 mmol / L) as at the end (3.68 mmol / L) were significantly lower than the suprathresh¬old (p=0,001), which was 6.31 mmol / L in the minute fifteen, and 7 mmol / L at the end. Discussion: The Shapir-Wilk test shown that both concentration of the suprathresh¬old workout were significantly superior p <0.05 than the values of the subthreshold. In the subthreshold workout both values were below 4 mmol / L, confirming the literature as being a predominantly aerobic exercise. For the suprathresh¬old, there was no stability of this metabolite, which agrees from the literature for a workout of that intensity. Conclusion: These data suggest that HRDP may be an interesting non-invasive tool to determine whether the individual is training above or below the lactate threshold. Key words: Lactate, Heart Rate Deflection Point, Long-distance running, workout.

540-547

Authors: Renan Irineu Delafiori de Oliveira, Charles Ricardo Lopes Murilo Bortolotti Feltrin, Clodoaldo José Dechechi, Gustavo Ribeiro da Mota, Alexandre Lopes Evangelista, Paulo Henrique Marchetti, Antonio Coppi Navarro

The use of creatine as an ergogenic resource for athletes aiming to gain muscle mass, and improve performance, has been widespread in sports. The tests that involve strength and power in athletics (sprinting, jumping, throwing and releases) are modalities where the use of ergogenic resource is in much demand. Several studies on creatine supplementation are being held and however that some studies show results that indicate a product's effectiveness in improving physical abilities of athletes, mainly strength and power, other studies have not validate this method, therefore the present study aimed to compare the test results, speed (30 meters), Sprint 100 meters and running 40 seconds, performed by two groups of six athletes (18 to 25 years) practitioners of tests sprint (100 and 200 meters), subjected to a mesocycle (3 weeks) specific training, accompanied by a supplementary program, in which a group held ingestion of creatine, was administered 20g/day, divided into 4 doses of 5g during the first week (5 days), followed by a maintenance phase of 3g/day the second and third weeks (10 days). And the other group followed the same protocol supplementation, but was replaced the creatine by placebo. Research has shown significant improvement in the creatine group in performance of the sprints of 100 meters compared to the placebo group. The speed tests (30 meters) and running 40 seconds showed no significant difference between groups. Key words: Creatine, Sprint, Performance, Sprinters.

429-431

Authors: Antonio Coppi Navarro

Editorial

440-448

Authors: Cibele Alves dos Santos, Anderson Leandro Peres Campos, José Francisco Gomes Schild

The aim of the study was to compare the levels of physical fitness and motor performance of students at a public school and a private school in the urban area of Pelotas. The sample was composed of 32 students aged between 13 and 17 years. We used a battery of tests of Project Sport Brazil (BR-PROESP) that gathers and measures somatomotores tests to assess the indicators of body growth, nutritional status, physical fitness related to health and sports performance. In addition, variables were measured skinfold thickness, waist circumference and handgrip strength. Data analysis was performed using Stata, version 10.0 through descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation) and Student's t-test for unpaired verify the mean differences between groups, using the level of p ≤ 0.05. The main results were around the fat percentage, which was higher for private school for both sexes, girls 30.4% against 16.4% for boys and 21% vs. 13.4%, moreover, waist circumference among girls showed 85.4 cm versus 70.6 cm, in public and private schools respectively, with p = 0.01. We conclude that in motor variables and physical fitness, students showed no significant differences, while for the fat percentage in both sexes and waist circumference among girls the values are significant. Thus, greater attention is needed to the variables of physical fitness and health. Key words: Students, Physical fitness, Motor skills.

455-464

Authors: Nelson Nunes Júnior, Jaqueline de Almeida Rodrigues Santos, Rafaela Liberali, Fabio Henrique Ornellas

Introduction: Since its inception to present day surfing in his career became one of the most popular sports in the world. By its popularity saw a need to asses ways to prevent injuries caused by the pratice of this modality. Objective: To evaluate the physical training of amateur surfers and the incidence of these injuries. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated thought a questionnaire, 33 amateur surfers, male, mean age 27, 2 ±6,2 years, who surfed between 3-4 hours per week on average. Results: The sample reported 122 injuries, where 26,2% were lacerations, 22,1% contusions and 20,5% burns. The surfboard was largely responsible for the injuries (26,2%) e more than half of the individuals (62%) did not perform a training focused on the surf during the injurie. Discussion: It was found that surfers who kept a regular training reported fewer injuries or less serious injuries and that the most efficient way in preventing injuries in surfing, cited by surfers, was functional training. Conclusion: The surf is a safe sport that can cause injuries and that specific training aimed at better performance in the surf can prevent injuries. Key words: Surf, Injuries, Sports training, Prevention.

473-476

Authors: Demétrius Cavalcanti Brandrão, Juliana Leite Soares

The kinesiology is a branch of bioscience responsible for the study of human structure, their movements and plans and axes in which the movement occurs. The objective was to analyze the muscles and joints involved in three joint exercises in resistance training. Study observational comparative descriptive analytical model, where we attempted to analyze three exercises used in training in bodybuilding, showing the involved joint, anatomic-functional classification, morphological classification, plan and drive shaft, naming kinesiological motion and the muscles involved in action. We used books of kinesiology and anatomy to facilitate the description and analysis of the move actions, literatures chosen by analyzing references used in most disciplines of anatomy and kinesiology courses in Physical Education Institutions of higher education in Fortaleza. There were no differences between the handle kinesiological coast average footprint and front handle grip average. In the analysis of the handle opposite closed handle compared with the other exercises mentioned above, it was observed difference of movement and acting muscles, although the joints involved are the same. This fact was due to the action of the shoulder joint and scapula are different between front handle grip closed, compared with an average front handle grip and coast. Key words: Kinesiology, Resistance training, Biomechanics

484-493

Authors: Raphael Benassi, Carlos Augusto Silva Fontes, Luis Carlos Oliveira Gonçalves, Artur Luis Bessa de Oliveira, Alexandre Herculano Borges de Araujo

Introduction: The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) represents the largest amount of ATP that an individual can resynthesize aerobically, defined as the rate at which oxygen is consumed. Objectives: We aimed to present the correlation between two models of assessment of maximal oxygen. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 22 women volunteers, active and healthy through the test bench (Katch e McArdle, 1996) and the predictive equation of Jackson et al (1990). The same had a mean age of 31.4 + 4.2; 21 + 10.4 months of practice time, with 66.2 + 5.9 kg body weight, and height 162.3 + 5.3 cm. Results: The results presented in our study VO2max for each protocol, 36.55 + 2.15 ml/kg/min-1 (step test) and 37 + 1.95 ml/kg min-1 (prediction equation). Conclusion: We conclude that the predictive equation can be used as a substitute for database protocol in women, moderately active, with a body fat percentage between 21% and 34%, given the significant correlation shown between protocols (R2 = 0,88). Key words: Physical Fitness, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test, Aerobic Exercise.

498-505

Authors: Cleverson Carlos El Hage, Adilson Domingos dos Reis Filho

For the full exercise of their duties, the police officer has the prerogative and duty to present levels of health and fitness properly adjusted to your business needs. The present study aimed to analyze the physical performance and anthropometric profile of the students of the 28th training course soldiers PM/MT - CESP before and after 12 weeks of exercise training. The sample comprised 82 students’ candidates for the post of military police soldier, all male (23.7 ± 2.1) years. To analyze the fitness test was used fitness (TAF), which comprises the testing Cooper, arm flexion, flat bar, abdominal rower and a half sucked. We analyzed height, body mass (BM), the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The results pre (M0) and post-training (M1) respectively were: BM (kg): 73.6 ± 8.4 vs 72.4 ± 6.8 (p<0.0001), BMI (kg/m²): 23.7 ± 2,1 vs 23.2 ± 1.5 (p<0.0001); WC (cm): 81.1 ± 5.4 vs 79.6 ± 4.2 (p<0.0001); Half sucked (repetitions) 18.9 ± 1.6 vs 20.8 ± 1.7 (p<0.0001); Bending arm (repetitions): 34.4 ± 4.3 vs 39.7 ± 5.8 (p<0.0001), Abdominal (repetitions): 67.0±14.1 vs 79.4 ± 20.9 (p<0.0001); Bar (repetitions): 7.5 ± 2.3 vs 10.3 ± 3.0 (p<0.0001) Cooper test (m) 2572.1 ± 261.6 vs 2761.0 ± 192.2 (p<0.0001) and VO2max (ml/kg/min-1): 45.9 ± 5.8 vs 50.2 ± 4.3 (p<0.0001). It is concluded that 12 weeks of exercise training systematized and oriented, contributes to a significant improvement of physical performance and anthropometric profile of the soldier students postulants PM/MT. Key words: Physical Training, Police, Health

534-541

Authors: Bruno Corrêa Victor, Gustavo Ribeiro Mota, Bernardo Neme Ide

Myostatin gene expression was first reported in literature in 1997 and since then it has been considered the main negative regulator of muscle growth process. Its inhibition would lead to one of the most powerful muscle growth processes applied to humans and animals. Following strength training (TF) the MST RNAm expression is reduced to the point of being considered as a marker of the hypertrophy signaling pathways induced by the TF. However, positive associations between basal levels of MST RNAm and muscle mass suggest a new paradox for the tissue growth due the fact that individuals who are responsive to muscle hypertrophy express high levels of MST. Having noticed, in these researches, different results concerning higher or lower expressions and quantities of RNAm for MST, in this study we aimed at revising such experiments, specific analyzing the subjects analyzed, the TF methodologies and the responses of MST gene expression. Key words: Gene expression, satellite cells, skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

317-319

Authors: Antonio Coppi Navarro

Editorial

329-338

Authors: José Nunes da Silva Filho

Nowadays, obesity has been regarded as one of the major public health problems worldwide, eventually being considered a disease, and that this triggers numerous other systemic diseases, and with these alarming data, it is clear that preventive measures need to be taken. And the aim of this study is to demonstrate that the practice of physical activities in specific strength training, acting jointly with other factors resulting in a significant improvement in reducing the percentage of body fat safely, when applied with strategies that optimize the lose fat and helps to stay or increase lean body mass. Following the literature, and a large number of scholars can say that strength training promotes these results when periodized properly. It is concluded that without surgical resources, pharmacology and other procedures that may affect the physical integrity of these, but only in an awareness and discipline those involved, certainly, the results will be satisfactory. Key words: Strength Training, Weight Loss, Health.

353-359

Authors: Luis Felipe De Camargo Borges, Bernardo Neme Ide, Maria Teresa Krahenbuhl Leitão

The present study aimed to observe the influence of different rest intervals between sets in strength training on acute muscle performance. 7 males, practitioners of strength training were divided into two groups (Short rest - N = 4, age: 25.0  6.1 years, body mass: 84.3  11.6kg, height: 1.8  0.1m; Long rest - N = 3, age: 28.3  7.9 years, body mass: 76.0  11.7kg, height: 1.7  0.1m) participated in the experiment. Strength training consisted of 4 sets of 10 repetitions maximum in full squat, with 1 minute rest between sets for the group of Short rest, and 3 minutes to the Long rest. Performance evaluation was performed by the horizontal countermovement jump (SHCM) test at Pre and Post-training. Plasma lactate concentrations were measured at Pre, Post and 15 minutes post-training. No significant differences (p> 0.05) between groups were observed for the total training load, as well as for the performance of SHCM. Lactate concentrations showed a significant increase (p <0.05) for both groups at Post and 15' Post relative to Pre, with no significant differences (p> 0.05) between them. The results lead us to conclude that for the experimental group analyzed (strength-trained individuals in) and the volume of exercises, sets and repetitions employed the 1 or 3 minutes rest intervals between sets did not induce different acute training loads and neuromuscular responses. Regardless the rest interval employed the metabolic profile of the training was not different between groups. Key words: Muscle damage, Metabolic stress, Muscle hypertrophy, Training load.

368-375

Authors: João Daniel Cosme da Silva, Thiago de Brito Farias

Introduction: The improvement in physical performance is a major goal sought by both athletes and for people who practice exercise regularly. There is a growing demand for strategies and tools to help safely and healthy in performance improvement. Currently, we have investigated the use of music quite as ergogenic resource. Objective: To analyze the influence of preferred and non-preferred music on physical performance during a training session of muscle strength. Methods: The study included five healthy men (22.5 ± 2.7 years, 83.3 ± 5.5 kg, 175 ± 5.6 cm). The volunteers performed four experimental sessions. In session 1, were applied T1RM (bench press) and T1RM (Front Handle); musical selection - preferred and non-preferred. In the three subsequent sessions, exhaustion test were performed in the same exercises with 70% of T1RM-SR and 60% of T1RM-PF. Were collected during the TEE the number of repetitions completed and the index of perceived exertion in each series. The data were treated by descriptive procedures. The normal distribution of data was checked by Shapiro Wilk test and ANOVA for repeated measures to analyze the variance of the variables analyzed. P ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant value. Results: There was no difference for both the bench press and to the front handle in the first grade to the number of repetitions (F = 1.4, F = 1.4), respectively. However this difference was not statistically significant. Regarding the amount of training did not observe any difference. Conclusion: The music does not influence performance during a session of muscle strength. Key words: Ergogenic, Resistance Training, Music.

388-397

Authors: Rubem Machado Filho, Idico Luiz Pellegrinotti

The study aimed to analyze and compare the anthropometric and neuromuscular capabilities of schoolchildren aged 11 to 13 years in both genders of the 5th and 6th grade public school located in Guarulhos (SP). The sample consisted of 59 students, divided into three groups. For the statistical analysis was used to verify data normality test SHAPIRO WILK. For parametric data we used the t test and for nonparametric data was used the Wilcoxon test. We adopted a significance level of 5%. The data were processed with SPSS 13.0. With these results, we can conclude that the results reported by children in general, were satisfactory for health maintenance. Key words: School children, Anthropometry, Motor skills, Growth, Development.

406-417

Authors: Romário Araujo de Oliveira

Introduction: The dietary supplements are characterized by the consumption of nutrients with highly variable degree of efficiency, providing physiological adaptations and improve physical performance with that food supplements may be ergogenic resources. The consumption of dietary supplements is growing quickly in order both to increase sports performance and for improving the condition of health and fitness (muscle hypertrophy). The bodybuilders are the ones who use dietary supplements, with the main objective muscle hypertrophy. Objective: The aim of this review was to analyze the combination effects of different dietary supplements on muscle hypertrophy in bodybuilders. Literature review: Of the seven studies analyzed, six showed that the combination of different food supplements provides increased strength and muscle hypertrophy (increase in total body mass and lean body mass). But one study showed that the use of dietary supplements brought no significant result in muscle hypertrophy, that training alone is sufficient. Conclusion: So it is concluded that bodybuilders make use of various dietary supplements and their use, according to studies, provides muscle hypertrophy, but the use of these substances should be directed and prescribed by nutritionists and there are studies showing deleterious effects of combined use of these products and exaggerated. Key words: Supplementation, Supplements, Strength Training, Muscle hypertrophy.