International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science

12-21

Authors: Aamir Ali Malik¹, Fahad Raza Nizamani²

Old aged or disabled persons who can’t walk are most sensitive persons and they must be served in a systematic, quick, sophisticated and efficient manner by very little effort. The problem is that there is no anybody who is always with them for 24 hours. Speech recognition can be used to serve the old aged or disable persons and to give a full control to them so that they may control all the appliances of home. Traditional home automation systems are not cost effective and they are not suitable for aging populations or disable persons. This paper presents an effective method to overcome these problems. We have designed and implemented a low-cost, reliable, efficient and secure speech operated system for home appliances especially for persons with disabilities to do their work at home. This system is both software and hardware designed using MATLAB R2009a. This system is divided into three main parts namely voice train process, voice recognition process and integration of hardware with MATLAB. This system used speaker dependent method. This proposed design is novel in the way that it is controlling loads by speech recognition using MATLAB to turn on/off loads via parallel port of a computer.

26-35

Authors: D.H.Burande1, T.N. Kazi2

The alloy wheels of passenger cars are intended for better heat conduction and improved aesthetics appearance over steel wheels. The alloy wheels are lighter than steel wheels. In order to achieve better quality, the study of alloy wheel is necessary. The manufacturers carry out a number of wheel tests to ensure that the wheel meets the safety requirements and higher comfort level. Thus, simulations of alloy wheel were carried out for specific design through realistic loading conditions. Skoda Octiva passenger car alloy wheel was used for simulation. In this study, stress distribution of alloy wheel is evaluated by using finite element analysis. S-N curve was generated for aluminum alloy material. The radial fatigue test is carried on specimen according to industrial standards. The wheel was checked for fatigue life cycle and improvement in the material. An attempt has been made by conducting study to suggest a suitable safety for reliable fatigue life prediction.

41-53

Authors: Ramandeep Kaur , Ravneet Kaur Sidhu

In the recent years, Digital cameras have become more dominant in the image capturing process. For low price digital cameras, concept of Bayer layer is more famous by the name, color filter array (CFA). An approach to produce full color image from the incomplete color sample output of a graphic sensor overlaid with a color filter array is called demosaicing. It can be called color reconstruction or CFA interpolation. Image demosaicing becomes major section of research in vision processing applications. A number of strategies have been developed like bilinear interpolation, constant hue based interpolation, edge adaptive interpolation etc. to produce full color image in demosaicing and the latest one is content adaptive CFA. The content adaptive strategy is simple as compared to the other interpolation strategies, but still there exist some limitations of this technique like static window size, large memory requirements. In this paper, we have proposed an algorithm: Artificial bee colony based content adaptive CFA for demosaicing which further will improve the working of content adaptive CFA. The proposed method has been developed to optimize the window size for each image and to overcome the limitations of the content adaptive strategy. This algorithm provides the best results on the behalf of MSE, PSNR, AD and RMSE parameters as compared to the other strategies

58-65

Authors: Er. Ravinder Kumar, Sahil Jungral, Tavleen Singh, Ankit Gupta, Tanveer Hussain Khan

Water is basic necessity of life used for many purposes one of which is industrial use. Industries generally take water from rivers or lakes but they have to pay heavy taxes for that. So it’s necessary for them to recycle that to reduce cost and also conserve it. Main function of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is to clean industry effluent and recycle it for further use. Many manufacturing industries produce their products with using water. With their products industries produce wastewater, otherwise known as effluent, which can be removed with the help of an effluent treatment plant (ETP). Manufacturers face strict regulations on discharge and waste. Effluent from industries must meet the national effluent discharge quality standards (NEDQS) set by the Government. In this paper, we propose a few automated processes for a partial automation of the apartment which can be mostly used in residential areas and industries. It is developed using PLC. The main intent of the paper is to treat the waste water which can be in turn used for many other purposes and can be cost effective as well.

75-78

Authors: Miss. Sneha Badrinath Sanap

Breast cancer is the most important cause of cancer death for women. Breast Cancer, the dreaded disease is one of the dominant causes of sufferings and death in modern world. Cancer is due to the uncontrolled proliferation of the body’s cells resulting in an abnormal growth or disruption of the body’s auto-regulation. Its cure rate and prognosis of the patient depends mainly on the early detection and diagnosis of the disease. Detection of Breast cancer in the body of the patient reveals through early symptoms in most of the cases. This study is aim to find out the feasibility of Breast cancer detection by systematic study of the risk factors. An expert system is developed based on supervisory neural network based learning approach, where in initially the input parameters and the output is mappable.

91-96

Authors: Sarang Mangalekar1, Mr. Vaibhav Bankar2, Mr. Pratik Chaphale3

This work gives optimised solution to make feasible hoisting application in heavy lifting and passing in coal and minerals mines. Rotary drum to be optimised with putting same diameter as required. Design is planned with casting stiffening links patterned circularly in round drum to form complete hollow drum, its replacing side disc of drum to make lightweight, loading condition is put by considering maximum loads. Drum behaviour is analysed in ansys tool in variations of degree of rotation from 0 to 360 degree. Finally conclusion will be opting to make optimisation feasible or not. We form few variants in design and compare results with each other. Finally the best drum design is found and from results it’s found feasible in working also in manufacturability

107-113

Authors: Nawaf Hazim Barnouti

— This paper focus to develop an automatic face recognition using holistic features extracted that use the global features represented by low frequency data from face image. Holistic features are extracted using Eigen-face method where a linear projection technique such as PCA is used to capture the important information in the image. Euclidean distance is used for matching process. The propose method is tested using a benchmark ORL dataset that has 400 images of 40 persons. Euclidean distance classifier is tested using the TMS320C6713 digital signal processor (DSP). The computational time is less compared with the offline simulation using PC based. The best recognition rate is 95% when tested using 9 training images and 1 testing image represented with 35 PCA coefficients.

131-135

Authors: Sanjay Kumar Chauhan1 Rajesh Mishra2 Rajendra Bahadur Singh3

As software in an embedded system has taken responsibility for controlling both software, and hardware components, the importance of estimating more accurate reliability for such software has been increased. To estimate the reliability of software, we use software which is a of collection of bits so while analyzing of system the software reliability in terms of bit it gives better result comparison to software reliability in terms of time analysis. The software is the collection of bits and during the execution bits are processed and it defines the level of execution. While we analyze the bit we justify the performance of system and estimate the reliability in a better way. However, many researchers have developed software reliability models assuming that software failures are caused by only software faults, which might lead to inaccurate reliability estimation.

140-147

Authors: Vinoth kumar.R1, R.Latha 2

In cloud, the shield subject in outsourced storage space data is the tough challenge. To vanquish the setback, established way industrialized vibrant audit ability for verifying the respect of an untreated and outsourced storage space. Appraisal capability is crafted established on the methods, fragment construction, casual sampling, and index-hash table, keeping provable updates to outsourced data and timely anomaly discovery. The method conventional on probabilistic query and periodic confirmation for enhancing the presentation of audit services. The audit ability is given by TPA monitoring. From time to time the TPA could have chances to obscure anomaly features to cloud users. To conquer the drawback, counsel vibrant audit ability in the cloud. By the method it can vibrantly audit the anomaly and dispatch intimation to cloud user. So that it can safeguard the cloud storage space data.

157-162

Authors: Divya BhavanaTadepalli, Madhavi Etaveni, Syed Eashan Adil

Sustainable development is mandatory to protect our environment .In agriculture and other industries waste materials are released which are organic and inorganic materials and can be an alternate material for cement . Rice husk ash which reduces the emission of carbon and produces green effect in environment .GGBS a slag material which also be an alternate to the cement. In this research the experimental investigations carried out in three phase M30 mix grade concrete is used with RHA in proportions of 0%,5%,10%and 15% .In second phase GGBS in various proportions of 10%,20%and 30% were tested . In third phase combination of GGBS and rice husk ash were tested .From this research the results are much better as compare to conventional concrete.

176-182

Authors: Sangamesh B. Herakal, Ranganath Avadhani, Dr.S.Chakradhar Goud

— The rapid growth of technology in recent decades has led to the reduction of cost and weight of materials. The aim of the present paper is to study calculate the stresses in Knuckle joint using analytical method. Further study in this direction can made by using various directions of the pin and the capacity to withstand load. The present work is concentrating on which type of meshing is preferable for components. Here knuckle joint is modeled by making use of catia, later on that model is imported in Hypermesh and carried out both mesh those are hexahedral and tetra mesh. This model is solved by using Abacus software. The FEA results are compared with analytical results.

189-191

Authors: AkashGurve1, Vaibhav Bankar2

In these types of presses, press-body is of C Shaped. When free space required from three sides of press table to work for loading and unloading of pressed component then this type of presses are designed. As main cylinder placed eccentric to central axis of press-body, it applies eccentric load on press-body hence heavier press body is required as compared to same capacity of other type of press. These types of presses are also called as single press.

196-202

Authors: Madhusudhan T1, SenthiL Kumar M2,

Hybrid composites are those composites that are fabricated by combining different reinforcement materials to the combination of matrix material present in the reinforcement, sometimes may be filler or fibers or both. In the present study an effort is made to understand the behavior of different combination filler material to the epoxy resin matrix and test results are compared. The test results reveal that the hybrid composites with 2 different fiber materials and tungsten carbide as the filler material has higher tensile strength and hardness when compared to the material with 3 fiber material and Silicon carbide as the filler material. On the other side the hybrid composites with 3 fibers and Silicon carbide as the filler material showed higher strength than hybrid composites with 2 fibers and tungsten carbide in case of flexural strength and impact strength. Same trend is followed for the cold treated specimen also. Irrespective the material combination the cold treatment has reduced the strength of the material for tensile, flexural and impact strength but hardness of the material found to be increasing

209-215

Authors: Girish. S, Anooplal. K. S

Speech recognition technology has refashion the way people with disabilities to use computers. This raising technology accelerates more opportunities for medical prescriptions, education, employment etc. Speech recognition is an alternative to typing on a keyboard. Just talk to the computer and our words appear on the screen. The software has been developed to administer a fast approach of writing onto a computer and can help people with a variety of disabilities. It is useful for people with physically challenged who often find typing difficult, painful or impossible. Voice recognition software further help those who with spelling adversity, including dyslexic users, because recognized words are always correctly spelled. Speech recognition technology helps people with disabilities to interact with computers more easily and support doctors to make prescription easily. Using this speech recognition we create a system which acts according to the voice commands given by the user. People with motor limitations, which cannot use a standard keyboard and mouse, can use their voices to navigate the computer and create documents. The technology is further convenient to people with learning disabilities that experience dilemma with spelling and writing. Some individuals with speech impairments may practice speech recognition as a therapeutic tool to progress vocal quality. Speech recognition technology has great potential to provide people with disabilities greater access to computers and a world of opportunities.

221-235

Authors: Amajama Joseph, Iniobong Prosper Etim

The variance of atmospheric radio wave refractivities across the different vegetative climatic belts in Nigeria has been examined. Data abstracted from Weather API (Weather2), Yr. no and NIMET (Nigeria meteorological agency) websites has been analyzed. Generally, there was an increase in the average atmospheric radio wave refractivities as one confronts the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean and in the reverse, there was a decrease in the average atmospheric radio wave refractivities as one travels towards the borderline of the Sahara desert. This indicates that, gradually radio wave propagation worsens towards the Atlantic Ocean and reversely; step by step, the radio wave propagation betters towards the Sahara desert. The correlation between the average atmospheric radio wave refractivities and the perpendicular distances away from the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean was 0.84 with an approximate model of y = -0.125x + 388.9. Similarly, the correlation between the average atmospheric radio wave refractivities and the perpendicular distances away from the Sahara desert was 0.84 with an approximate model of y = 0.122x + 267.2. The correlations were not absolute because of the non-uniformity of the weather or climate patterns across the country. Reliefs and rivers account for some of the anomalies in the non-uniform trends. In addition, isotherms and isohyets in the weather map are non-linear and can cut across the vegetative climatic zones. By and large, results registered that the Sahel savannah will favour radio signal propagation through the troposphere better than any other belt and the mangrove was the least, but on the contrary, the mangrove will record better signal stability than any other belt and the Sahel savannah will register the least due to high variance in the weather pattern in the former than the latter belt. Finally, the dry will favour radio signal propagation through the troposphere better than the wet due to reduction in mean monthly relative humidities.

246-251

Authors: Savita Devi, Astha Gautam(

The security of multimedia becomes more important, since multimedia data are transmitted over open networks more frequently. In this modern world, hidden information concept are very important and play a significant role to reducing the space in the memory as well as on disk drives. Compression of the encrypted information has taken more attention due to security reasons from last few years. If encryption and compression of the information works properly then it results to high speed computation. According to practical scenario encryption should be performed before the compression of information. Because unencrypted information have more chances of stealing. And now a day’s data hacker becomes too intelligent to break the encrypted images to get the original contents, so many systems are designed to combine the encryption and compression in single module to provide greater security. Therefore we have proposed system where encryption is done prior to the image compression by random permutation method and after that we can efficiently compress the encrypted image. In this paper, we study a new approach is named as ECNHCDSWT (Encryption-Compression using New Haar and Coiflet with Symlet and Daubchies wavelet transform).

263-265

Authors: Ms. Revathi Yegappan

Data is one of the most valuable assets in every organization. It is required to detect and prevent the data loss from being stolen or leaked from the organization to the outside world. Data loss may occur intentionally or unintentionally by the internal employees or by the trusted third parties due to mishandling or by mistakes. These data loss causes damage to the organization brands and reputation. Even though there are various techniques to prevent the data loss, but it is essential to detect the leakage of sensitive data as soon as possible before leaving the trusted network. Data loss prevention controls should be effectively implemented in advance in detecting and preventing the sensitive data from being leaked out of an organization.

277-282

Authors: 1Arup Dey, 2K. M. Mostafizur Rahman Sobuj

- Most observable phenomena in the world contain certain amount of uncertainty. Probability analysis is used to estimate input and output variables of a system by considering uncertainty. Reliability is the probability that a product performs its intended function over a specified period of time and under specified service conditions. Time-variant stochastic loadings and random deterioration of material properties are inherent in engineering applications [1]. For this type of time dependent uncertainties time variant reliability analysis is used. In time variant analysis limit state function may vary over time. Deterioration of materials properties takes place due to corrosion. In this paper, a time variant limit state function developed to estimate reliability of a fluid flowing pipe over time. Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to compute reliability of pipe at different time with the help of “MATLAB R2008a” software. Due to corrosion reliability is decrease with time. So, the results of analysis can be used to determine time to maintain or change. Keywords

290-298

Authors: 1S.V. ALAGARSAMY, 2S. AROCKIA VINCENT SAGAYARAJ, 3P. RAVEENDRAN

The aim of this work is utilize Taguchi method to investigate the effects of drilling parameters such as cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on surface roughness and material removal rate in drilling of Aluminium alloy 7075 using HSS spiral drill. The Taguchi method, a powerful tool to design optimization for quality, is used to find optimal cutting parameters. Orthogonal arrays, the signal- to- noise ratio, the analysis of variance are employed to analyze the effect of drilling parameters on the quality of drilled holes. A series of experiments based on L16 orthogonal array are conducted using CNC vertical machining centre. The experiment results are collected and analyzed using statistical software Minitab16. Analyses of variances are employed to determine the most significant control factors affecting the surface roughness and material removal rate. ANOVA has shown that the depth of cut has significant role to play in producing higher material removal rate and cutting speed has significant role to play for producing lower surface roughness.

304-314

Authors: Manpreet Kaur1, Ravneet Kaur Sidhu2

Lane Detection plays an important role in Intelligent Transportation system and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems. Lane detection is an important aspect of autonomous vehicles. It is also a preventive measure for road accidents. Hough Transform technique uses the edge map obtained from segmentation to detect the lane marks. The threshold value used to segment the image can either be static or dynamic. The overall objective of this paper is to improve the lane detection algorithm using adaptive segmentation and filtering techniques. It has been found that the value used to segment the road image containing lanes has been taken statically. To overcome this, a new lane detection method with an adaptive segmentation value has been proposed. This approach has the ability to boost the lane colorization in efficient manner by utilizing the Additive Hough Transform algorithm with optimized segmentation and filtering techniques. Various parameters like Accuracy, F-measure, Mean Square Error are used for calculating the effectiveness of this technique. The proposed technique yields accurate results as compared to existing techniques.

323-331

Authors: Amruta Wavare1a, Shahadev Ubale2b,

This paper deals on an optimization of plastic injection molding process by the effects of processing parameters applying Taguchi methods to improve the quality of manufactured specimen. PP homopolymer 1110MAS is used as the work piece material for carrying out the experimentation to optimize the shrinkage and warpage. The specimen used were of 169*16*3.2 mm dimensions modeled in PRO/Engineer. There are five processing parameters i.e. injection pressure, melt temperature, holding pressure, injection time & cooling time. Taguchi L18 orthogonal array is used to design experimentation withmixed levels of input parameters. The shrinkage and warpage was considered as the quality characteristic with the concept of "the smaller-the-better". The result of minimum shrinkage using the parameter combination of injection pressure 45 bar, Melt Temperature 175 0C, Holding pressure 30 bar, Injection time 4.2 s and cooling time 15 s is 4.133%. Whereas the result of minimum warpage using the parameter combination of injection pressure 45 bar, melt temperature 175 0C, holding pressure 30 bar, injection time 4.5 s and cooling time 20 s is 0.667 mm. It is also predicted that Taguchi method is a good method for optimization of various machining parameters as it reduces the number of experiments.

339-348

Authors: Prathapa.A.P (1), N. G.S. Udupa(2)

— This paper presents the axle apart from above loads is critically subjected to cyclic and shock loads. In case of four wheelers, Six wheelers and multi axle vehicles role of frontal axle is most important since it drives the rear axle .A robust design of frontal axle involves load calculations and load considerations for four wheeler and six wheeler, Followed by preliminary and detailed design considerations . In the light, of the above an automobile truck frontal axle is considered for the topic of research to understand its behavior to the loads during service conditions and also at off design conditions for four wheeler and also for six wheeler. The study involves load calculations for various conditions namely four wheeler, six wheeler ,gyroscopic couple ,Fatigue, dead weight and so on .Further , the work is focused on structural evaluation of front axle using FEA approach with preliminary detailed design considerations which, includes Gross weight of the vehicle ,Inertial loads, dynamic loads and Rolling resistance. Commercial FE software (ANSYS) is used to determine the structural integrity of Frontal axle.

357-364

Authors: Shweta Ohri

This paper describes about the recent research topic pervasive computing and its applications. Pervasive Computing interaction systems are rapidly discovering its way into every facet of our lives and change the aspects faster than speed. Large scale of interactive media facades challenges to emergence into existing physical environment and newly built structures, which need to achieve managing capabilities of varied stakeholders, existing work practices and schedules. This technology of Pervasive Computing is inter woven in human lives and due to this it has become the need of time.

369-374

Authors: 1. Jayalakshmi J, 2. Ambily O A

Smart road checking system is proposed to take off the manual road checking by the police. The system works in such a way that, as the vehicle moves through the RF Detector area, the RF Reader module will read the vehicle ID by scanning the RF chip and the associated computing module will validate the vehicle ID with pre-stored records and automatically checking for all certificates validity. If any invalid details found, the system will make alert to the department via email. So the department can take further actions on the system generated report. Some certificates like pollution, insurance etc. are of short term validity, and those certificates will have to be updated in the specific periods. For this purpose, as per the proposed system users have to link with corresponding department.

380-385

Authors: Deepika Goel#, Prashant Chauhan, Anshu Varshney

The anomalous absorption of surface plasma wave (SPW) by two dimensional arrays of carbon nanotubes, embedded over a metal surface with their length along direction is studied theoretically. As surface wave of frequency propagates through the nanotubes, electrons in the nanotubes start oscillating and dissipate their energy via collisions in the nanotubes resulting in resonant absorption of SPW energy at frequency , where is plasma frequency of electrons inside the nanotubes. The absorption of SPW by the nanotubes is enhanced and has a sharp peak at resonant frequency. Results revealed that absorption coefficient increases with the density of nanotubes. Effect of lattice permittivity variation on absorption coefficient is also studied

391-398

Authors: Prof. A. A. Karad[1],Brijeshwar Wagh[2], Ajay Shukla[3], Niladhari Pyata[4], Chetan Gujar[5]

Fixtures, the component or assembly that holds a part undergoing machining, must be designed to fit the shape of that part and the type of machining being done. The parts to be welded are placed in proper position in fixture and tightened. Welding fixture holds and supports the work piece, prevents distortion in work piece during welding process and withstands high welding stresses. This paper gives detailed information about designing and manufacturing of welding fixture for fuel tank mounting bracket assembly. It contains various tilting and rotating arrangement which makes it versatile during its use. The material used for the fixture is mild steel which is capable of withstanding the load. CO2 welding is used for the welding the parts of the bracket. It also contains number of locating pins which makes it accurate at the time of working. The coordinate or geometry off these pin position are measured with the help of coordinate measuring machine (CMM).

405-412

Authors: C. KARTHIKKUMAR1, R. BARANIRAJAN2, I. PREMNAUTH3, P. MANIMARAN4

Aluminium metal matrix composites are emerging as the most versatile materials for unique structural, automotive, aviation, aerospace, defense, marine applications and other structural applications. Because of their excellent interfusion of properties. The potency of Aluminium Matrix Composite can be elevated, when it is reinforced with ceramic particles, which leads the Metal Matrix to elevate their mechanical properties to the reduced weight ratio. In this research a Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite of aluminium alloy is reinforced in conjunction with Boron Carbide of grain size of <10µm and Red Mud of grain size 150µm by using stir casting technique. In which, Red Mud is one of the major dreck material extracted from the bauxite ore of the Alumina during Bayer’s Process. Red Mud is contemplated as a dangerous material regarding with NBR 10004/2004, which has been treated under the room condition as a reinforcement with Aluminum Metal Matrix. The samples were casted by varying the proportions in weight percentage by stir casting route. The samples are exposed to tensile, compression, micro hardness test and the dispersion of B4C and Red Mud in the AMCs was observed in the micrographs. The results prevailed from the mechanical characterization shows the considerable elevation in strength and hardness of the Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite by reducing the weight ratio of the hybrid reinforcements.

418-427

Authors: Nkuitchou-Chougouo K. Rosine D.1, 4, Kouamouo Jonas1, Wannang N. Noel2, Yopa K. Nelly1, Titilayo O. Johnson2 Sandjon Bertrand3, Lutgen Pierre4, Tane Pierre4, Moyou S. Roger5.

Artemisia annua is an annual plant of China origin well known for its medicinal value due to its diverse chemical composition. The extract of A. annua cultivated in Cameroon is rich in essential oil; the larvicidal antibacterial and antifungal properties of A. annua had been reported. In the continuation of these works, we investigated the repulsive effect of this plant material. Materials and methods: The essential oil of Artemisia annua of Cameroon and that of Luxemburg were obtained by hydro-distillation of dry leaves of Artemisia annua from the two countries. In order to determine their repulsive activities, two methods were used: One of the standard W.H.O (night catch on exposed human legs) and Cage tests (Bigoga models). All methods were validated and the results analyzed using student t test. Results: The turnover of the extraction of the two essential oils gave 0.16%. The repulsive activity was evaluated at the concentration of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 part per million (ppm). After the application of the two types of oil by the two methods, we observed that the two plants produced repulsive properties from 50 ppm up to 400 ppm. The time of protection is in an average of 3 hours, but this reduces as the essential oil is diluted. Conclusion: Essential oil extract from the leaves of Artemisia annua cultivated in Cameroon and in Luxemburg have similar repulsive properties on adult Anopheles gambiae.

433-436

Authors: Akshyakumar S.Puttewar1, Dr.R.D.Askhedkar2, Dr.C.C.Handa3

Job satisfaction represents one of the most complex areas facing today’s managers when it comes to managing their employees. Many studies have demonstrated an unusually large impact on the job satisfaction on the motivation of workers, while the level of motivation has an impact on productivity, and hence also on performance of business organizations. Unfortunately, job satisfaction has not still received the proper attention from neither scholars nor managers of various business organizations.

452-457

Authors: M. Surendra Reddy1, K. Jayasimha Reddy1, Din Bandhu1

Vortex tube is a simple, non-conventional cooling device having no moving parts, which is compact and simple to produce both cold and hot air from the source of compressed air without affecting the surroundings. When high pressure air is tangentially injected, a strong vortex flow will be created which will split into two air streams: heat escapes through the outer periphery at one end, cold escapes through core at the other end. The primary ingredient that involves the performance of vortex tubes is a nozzle and orifice. In this work the performance of vortex tube is investigated with different diameters of orifice and a modified nozzle: providing with different levels of internal taper towards the hot end at various pressure and mass flow. The modified nozzle provided with taper boost up the desired flow pattern, makes the air to travel towards the hot end without disturbing the next coming air at the inlet. The experimental investigations were carried out based upon the maximum temperature drop. It is discovered that the effect of nozzle design is more important than orifice in getting higher temperature drops. The experimental results showed that these modifications could remarkably improve the functioning of the vortex tube. In this work the best combination of modified nozzle and orifice with suitable conditions is suggested for better performance of the vortex tube.

465-472

Authors: Jasleen Kaur1, Sushil Garg2

Cloud Computing is a fast evolving technology in the field of IT industry. It is well known for its on demand service to the users remotely over Internet. It provides the users with the resources as per their demand and also enables the users to pay as per their usage of resources. Also, it helps the users to access the cloud from anywhere over Internet. This is a big advantage of cloud computing since one need not carry all the documents always since cloud access is global. Although the cloud storage is centralized but cloud access can be done remotely. This means that it is possible that there can be security breaches or any intruder attack while fetching or storing the data onto cloud. So, security of cloud is really important. So, this paper introduces a new security approach using hybrid of two algorithms: RSA as Digital Signature and Blowfish Algorithm.

480-487

Authors: Shalki Naresh Er. Navjot Singh

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have come out as an economical and extensible technology that can offer low-cost, high bandwidth, better coverage, etc to meet the needs of lot of people with different properties. But because of its open nature and wireless transmission; it is prone to many attacks of which the wormhole is the severe one. In this attack, the attackers form a tunnel between them; overhear the packets, forward them to each other and packets are replayed at the other end of network. The main objective of this paper is to study the wormhole attack related to WMNs and to study the various detection mechanisms of wormhole. The various wormhole detection schemes like: shared information among communicating access points, cluster-based detection, detection using hop-count, etc are also studied. The effect of these given schemes on wormhole and network is also evaluated. Thus the research study is based on WMNs, wormholes, wormhole detection and its effect.

493-498

Authors: Ms. Jayashree A.Vanmali1, Prof. Rahul Patil2

Data aggregation is the process of collecting and aggregating the useful data. Data aggregation is considered as one of the fundamental processing procedures for saving the energy. Advancement in computing technology has led to the production of wireless sensors capable of observing and reporting various real world phenomena in a time sensitive manner. However such systems suffer from bandwidth, energy and throughput constraints which limit the amount of information transferred from end-to-end. Data aggregation is a known technique addressed to alleviate these problems but is limited due to their lack of adaptation to dynamic network topologies and unpredictable traffic patterns. In WSN, data aggregation is an effective way to save the limited resources. The main goal of data aggregation algorithm is to gather and aggregate data in an energy efficient manner so that network lifetime is enhanced. Wireless sensor nodes are very small in size and have limited processing capability and very low battery power. This restriction of low battery power makes the sensor network prone to failure. Data aggregation is a very crucial technique in WSNs. Data aggregation helps in reducing the energy consumption by eliminating redundancy. Most of the existing DAT construction works are based on the ideal Deterministic Network Model (DNM), where any pair of nodes in a WSN is either connected or disconnected. Under this model, any specific pair of nodes is neighbors if their physical distance is less than the transmission range, while the rest of the pairs are always disconnected. However, in most real applications, the DNM cannot fully characterize the behaviors of wireless links due to the existence of the transitional region phenomenon. The load-balance factor is also neglected when constructing DATs in current systems. And most of the current literatures investigate the DAT construction problem under the DNM. In this project we are concentrating on load balancing factor and also on construction of DAT using Probabilistic Network Model (PNM). Therefore, it is focused on constructing a Load-Balanced Data Aggregation Tree (LBDAT) under the PNM. More specifically, three problems are investigated, namely, the Load-Balanced Maximal Independent Set (LBMIS) problem, the Connected Maximal Independent Set (CMIS) problem, and the LBDAT construction problem. LBMIS and CMIS are well-known NP-hard problems and LBDAT is an NP-complete problem.LBDAT will be NP-Complete and will be constructed in three steps: Load-Balanced Maximal Independent Set (MDMIS), Connected Maximal Independent Set (CMIS) and Load-Balanced Parent Node Allocation (LBPNA). Approximation algorithms and performance ratio analysis will also be covered. The simulation is done using NS2 tool.

507-517

Authors: Babar Khalid, Shoaib Farooqui, Rajesh Nair, Priyanka Kedar

: we are living on a fully digital horizon where security must be a serious threat. If you are willing to transmit confidential information over internet then you have to ensure security first. At first glans, our civilization may appear to be somewhat progressive. With the passing of everyday we are going towards the more digitized. We are enjoying fully paperless society but somewhere we are afraid of being hacked. Because it is important for person to protect owns identity from them those who are prowling in the distance. Security and privacy are the key factors if you are willing to transmitting the data over internet. we have to rethink about security of data over internet. In this paper we offered a safe zone for the customers which providing the security and privacy to the users confidential data. So, enjoy the privacy. In this paper we proposed two mechanism as 1) GRID authentication system; 2) compression and subtraction based encryption decryption mechanism.

527-529

Authors: Shaikh Abdus Samad (ME Manufacturing Scholar); Prof R D Shelke (HOD)

Many nations significantly depend upon manufacturing industries. Manufacturing Industries depends upon their employees. Ergonomics at work is now became essential part of day-to-day work which directly / indirectly depend upon quality & quantity of work done by any person. Pain is a very common and disabling condition among industrial workers. Most of the industrial workers lost productive time due to pain which reduced performance of the worker. The use of ergonomic is considered a critical means to alleviate the pain associated with standing work and, as a result increase in quality & quantity of productivity. This paper is a review of person working in manufacturing industries. This type of study is important that concern the shop floor worker working in a prolonged standing position on a regular basis. Prolonged standing can cause sore feet, swelling of the legs, varicose veins, general muscular fatigue, and low back pain, stiffness in the neck and shoulders, and other health problems.

538-545

Authors: Priyanka Singh*, O P Shukla**

In a gas turbine engine, the turbine blade operated higher temperature then the melting point of the blade material. Cooling of gas turbine blades is a major consideration for continuous safe operation of gas turbines with high performance. Several methods have been suggested for the cooling of blades and one such technique is to have radial holes to pass high velocity cooling air along the blade span. In the present work CFD analysis is used to examine the heat transfer analysis of gas turbine with six different model consisting of 5,9&13 inline one row of holes and compared with 9&13 model in staggered holes arranged in the three rows and developed a new model with 14 holes in the staggered arrangement. The prediction is commonly used CFD software FLUENT (a turbulence realizable k-e model with enhanced wall treatment). On evaluating the contour plot of the pressure, velocity& velocity vector we found that the temperature distribution on the 13 staggered holes, uniformly distributed along the blade area, as compared to 13 inline holes. And the heat transfer is also increases in the 13 & 14 staggered holes arrangements.

551-556

Authors: Swathy S Pillai, Radhakrishnan B

The main challenge during night-time driving is the visibility of the road ahead. The major challenge rests in controlling accidents during night as the night conditions differ from the day in environment conditions, vehicle lighting etc. The reduced cost of cameras and optical devices helped in installing front-mounted intelligent systems for identifying forward collision avoidance and mitigation. During night, vehicles in front are generally seen by their tail lights. The turn signals are mostly important because they signal lane change and potential collision. This survey presents a car recognition system by identifying and segmenting tail lights in the night-time road environment.

557-563

Authors: Bhaskar U1, Guruchethan A M2, Devendra Reddy M3

Helical spring is the most common element that has been used in many automobile suspension systems. In this work, hybrid spring are fabricated using the composite material and steel wire as a core material, helical spring related to light vehicle suspension system under the effect of a uniform loading has been studied and finite element model has been developed to compare with analytical solution. In the present work three different types of hybrid helical springs using cross-vowen glass fiber, cross- vowen carbon fiber and combined glass and carbon fiber along with a steel wire as a core material have been fabricated. Tests were conducted on these specimens to study their mechanical behavior. The spring rate and deflection with respect to various loading condition have been evaluated. The results of these parameters with respect to the above three specimen have been compared with one another. The present study is an attempt to observe the feasibility of replacing composite coil spring in place of conventional steel spring. It is concluded that through a modification in the cross-section design of coil spring and with a proper material combination, it is possible to improve the properties of composite coil springs.

572-579

Authors: Chirag Surati, Patel Hiral

Fatigue testing facilities are first classified in accordance with a number of features which include purpose, type of loading, and method of load application and transmit as well as control system. It is built on the understanding obtained from a vibration analysis of the force transfer function from the load cell of the machine to a fabricated calibration bar. Performing the dynamic characterization in practice consists of making a frequency sweep with the strain gage equipped calibration bar. All the proceeding steps of analysis required to predict an upper bound of the linear measurement error is conveniently handled by software. The machine we made is concept machine and we are not taking into account any of the features like efficiency & output of the machine, servicing cost of the machine etc. The machine made by us is based on the machines used in the different industries. We obtain the s-n curves on the basis of the testing of different types of material which are being tested. The result that we get after the testing should match the standard s-n curve of that material

585-589

Authors: 1Shilpa Unnikrishnan M.K., 1Shamya C, 2Neenu P.A.

Lung cancer is one of the acute types of cancers with the least survival rate. Manual evaluation of the lung CT scan is an exhaustive task. Thus the use of computerized systems can provide the assistance to the expert practitioners in the comprehensive assessment of the medical information. Lung CAD system focuses on the detection of the potential abnormalities namely nodules which can either be malignant or benign. This paper reviews the techniques involved in CAD systems in biomedical image processing domain that offer the detection of the abnormal growth of cells in the lungs.

598-605

Authors: Rashim Rana Er. Anoopa Arya

WSN is a network in which sensor nodes are placed in an area so that physical information like military surveillances, transport monitoring, habitat monitoring, etc can be gathered. These sensor nodes sense the data and send it to the B for evaluation for which the data aggregation is done. The data aggregation is achieved by using LEACH routing protocol. LEACH protocol is clustering algorithm which is self organizing in nature and form clusters on the basis of the signal strength of the sensors. In this paper, the WSN and security requirements for secure data aggregation are studied. Also the LEACH protocol with its phases and various attacks on LEACH are studied. In this paper techniques for energy efficieny is also apply. Thus, the research in this paper is based on WSN, its security requirements,its energy efficieny , LEACH, LEACH attacks and its effect on WSN.

619-622

Authors: Joseph Amajama

Radio signal strengths from Cross River State Broadcasting Co-operation Television (CRBC-TV), (4057'54.7''N, 8019'43.7''E) transmitted at 35mdB and 519.25 MHz (UHF) were measured using a Cable TV analyzer in a residence along Etta-abgor, Calabar (4057'31.7''N, 8020'49.7''E) simultaneously with the meteorological components (weather parameters): atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and wind speed and direction to ascertain the impact of atmospheric temperature on radio signals. The meteorological components with signal strength were measured half hourly from the residence for over 24 hrs to draw a justifiable inference on the impact of the atmospheric temperature on the radio signal. Results indicated that radio signal strength is inversely proportional to atmospheric temperature; provided that, other measured metrological components were observed constant, including the wind speed and direction. The correlation of the signal strength and atmospheric temperature was r = -0.93 and the equation S =K/T at constant atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and wind speed and direction was postulated, where S, T and K are Signal strength, Atmospheric temperature and Constant respectively.

634-644

Authors: Nilam Bhosale1, P.A. Salunkhe2

Non destructive test methods are used to examine the properties and compressive strength of hardened concrete. In existing concrete structures there was no direct relation between the results of non destructive tests. This paper describes the co-relation between Rebound hammer, Ultrasonic pulse velocity, core compressive strength and cylinder compressive strength of hardened concrete. It also describes the relation between bond strength and cube compressive strength and comparison of modulus of elasticity by different standards. An experimental program was carried out, involving both destructive and non destructive methods applied to different concrete mixtures, such as M20, M25 and M30.The slab of 2000 x 1000 x 200 mm were casted for each grade of concrete and cores were extracted from the slab. Also the Cylinders of size 100 x 200 mm were casted to compare the results. Cubes of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm and cubes of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm with inserted bar of size 16mm were casted and tested for compressive strength and pull out test respectively. Relationships were derived for rebound hammer, pulse velocity, compressive strength of cores and cylinders, compressive strength of cube and bond strength. The results show good behavior for these methods

652-656

Authors: Rinchu Baburaj1, Varnya C1, Nikhil C.R2

This paper highlights the various segmentation algorithms used in the automated melanoma detection .The application of biomedical image processing for diagnostic purpose is a non invasive technique. In order to identify skin cancer at an early stage without performing unnecessary biopsies, digital images of melanoma skin lesion have been investigated. Different segmentation techniques which aids in the efficient detection of malignant melanoma has reviewed in this paper. Among the implemented algorithms, wavelet network shows better segmentation results for skin cancer images. Automatic border detection is a challenging task in dermoscopic images.

663-667

Authors: Fasna K K1, Athira P1, Remya Krishna J S2

Iris biometry has been gaining its attention during the recent years in the various cooperative and non-cooperative environments. The stability and unique features of iris lead to its increased usage for personal recognition in various fields like airport, border security, harbors, etc. All the researches are going on in the area of iris recognition to increase its accuracy and speed of recognition. The reduced time for personal recognition improves the performance of the recognition system and reduces the amount of false recognition. The difficulty of forging and using an imposter lead to the wide acceptance of iris biometry. The various methods used in iris recognition proposed by various researches are reviewed in this paper. All these methods give importance to increase the speed of recognition.

673-678

Authors: Varnya C1, Rinchu Baburaj1, Harikrishnan N2

Steganography is the art of hiding data in a media such as image, video or audio files. This paper describes different texture synthesis mechanisms as well as steganographic techniques for the secure transmission of information with more capacity. Mainly, steganography is a type of an invisible communication which is recently being used in different applications. The data embedding capacity and the increased PSNR values are the major issues facing in steganography. To solve these issues, many algorithms have been put forward in these years. Texture synthesis is one of the efficient methods which can be used to improve the data embedding capacity. In this method, the data is hidden in the cover image which is generated by the method of texture synthesis which adds more data embedding capacity. It is a challenging task to generate high quality synthesis results. So different texture synthesis methods and data hiding schemes are analysed here.

685-692

Authors: Nawaf Hazim Barnouti

Biometrics refers to metrics related to human characteristic. Biometric systems work on physiological and behavioral biometric data to recognize people. Fingerprints are common biometric that have been used to identifying people for many years. Fingerprint identification also known as hand print is the process of comparing two instances of friction ridge skin impressions from human fingers or toes to determine whether these impressions have come from the same person. FVC2000 fingerprint database is used in this work. Pre-processing methods are applied on the images database to increase the recognition rate. Histogram equalization is used and shows improvement in result. Compression methods are used to decrease the redundancy of the image and also to store or transfer date in an efficient structure. PCA is used for feature extraction and dimension reduction. PCA is popular and will generate training set of images database. City block distance classifier is the final step of fingerprint recognition.

698-705

Authors: Arati Arun Bhonkar, Dr. Udaysingh Sutar

Phase shifters finds application in areas like phase modulators, frequency up converters, phased array antenna systems, mobile communication system, WLAN and in PLL systems. For better detection of target in defence systems or surveillance systems phase shifters are needed to be installed on antenna systems to provide beam steering electronically without use of mechanical scanning for positioning. This proposed phase shifters are designed for 2.3 - 2.7 GHz (ISM band). 90° and 45° balanced structure provides better immunity against electromagnetic interference. Proposed design provides phase error around -2° to 5.67° for 45° phase shifter and 0.48° to 1.6° for 90° phase shifter. It also provides desired insertion loss.

711-715

Authors: Ghuge Pravin V., Shirsat kedar, Patil Gaurao S., Dahe Akshay N.,

Land is the most important component of the life support system. It is the most important natural resource which embodies soil and water, and associated flora and fauna involving the ecosystem on which all man’s activities are based. Land is a finite resource. Land availability is only about 20% of the earth’s surface. Land is crucial for all developmental activities, for natural resources, ecosystem services and for agriculture. Growing population, growing needs and demands for economic development, clean water, food and other products from natural resources, as well as degradation of land and negative environmental impacts are posing increasing pressures to the land resources in many countries of the world. For India, though the seventh largest country in the world, land resource management is becoming very important. India has over 17% of world’s population living on 2.4% of the world’s geographical area. After independence the population of our country increase’s day by day. Due to that the problems like shortage of basic amenities, shortage of lands, and increase in the population rate are occurred. Due to increase in the population rate the price of lands are increases day by day. To overcome such problem the proper smart utilization of land is necessary. In this report the smart utilization of land is done with respect to proper land zoning, create and maintain the basic infrastructure, transportation, rural community development, plantation, landscaping & wasteland reclamation, smart waste management and smart services.

721-725

Authors: Assistant Prof. Karan Gupta, Shreyas Gupta, KummadVerma, Anil Singh, Abhimanou Sharma

In modern power system, electrical energy from the generating station is delivered to the ultimate consumers through a huge network of transmission and distribution. There are several power generation units connected to the grid such as hydro, thermal, solar, wind etc to supply power to the load. Thus, for satisfactory operation of loads, it is desirable that consumers are supplied with substantially constant voltage and frequency. In this paper we present the development of a system to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage. For feasible transmission, the frequency and voltage of the AC supply should be within the limits as decided by the grid, depending upon the demand of the power supply. As per CENTRAL ELECTRICTY AUTHORITY OF INDIA Regulations 2010, variation of the system voltage should be of +- 5 % and that for frequency close to 50 Hz and shall not allow it to go beyond the range 49.2 to 50.3 Hz or a narrower frequency band specified in the Grid Code, except during the transient period following tripping. In case these limits are exceeded and the demand for power is more than the demand for supply, it results in grid failure. In such situations, the feeder unit is completely disconnected from the grid, causing islanding situation. Thus synchronization is needed between the grid and the feeder unit, so as to prevent the large scale brown out or black out of the grid power. In this paper, we are presenting a system which can warn the grid in advance so that alternate arrangements are kept on standby to avoid complete grid failure. Methods of detecting islanding are clearly grouped into three categories as a function of their operating mode. These three categories are: • Active methods resident in the grid tied inverter • Passive methods resident in the grid tied inverter • Methods not resident in the DG but communicating the DG and the utility This paper is based on passive method to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage.

732-748

Authors: Ms.A.Kavitha1, Ms.G.Sai Pooja2, Ms.M.Kaaviyavarshini3

Many industries like dye industries, textile, paper and plastics use dyes in order to colour their products and also consume substantial volumes of water. As a result they generate a considerable amount of coloured wastewater. The presence of small amount of dyes (less than 1 ppm) is highly visible and undesirable. For the present study the sample effluent is collected from yarn dyeing industry, Coimbatore. The physico-chemical characteristics of the dyeing effluent is carried out according to the standard methods. The characteristics of adsorbents were studied and the selection of natural adsorbents for the colour removal in dyeing effluent is carried out. Experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption capacities of locally available low cost bio-adsorbents like cotton seeds, coconut coir pith, groundnut shell, cotton shell powders to remove colour in a textile industry wastewater. Experimental investigation was carried out to identify the effect of adsorbent dosage, contact time, agitator speed, pH, temperature by using Bach adsorption method. From the experimental investigations, the maximum colour from the textile industry wastewater was obtained at an optimum adsorbent dosage of 300 mg, an optimum contact time of 75 min., an optimum temperature of 330 K and an optimum agitator speed of 600 rpm and optimum pH of 7. Further, from the validation experiments, it was found that the maximum colour removal percentage in textile industry wastewater is about 75.25, 79.9, 86.75 and 81.7 % respectively for Cotton seeds, Coconut coir pith, Groundnut shell, Cotton shell. This result was higher than the results obtained by different process parameters for various bio adsorbents. Finally, from the results of adsorption study, it was concluded that bioadsorbents used as a coagulant for removing the colour from textile industry wastewater especially peanut hulls powder because of its higher adsorptive capacity than other bio-adsorbents used in this study. The experimental data for the adsorption process were well fitted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model relative to the fit of the Freundlich adsorption model.

764-777

Authors: 1 LAVANYA.S 2 MOHAMED APPAS.J 3 SURESH KUMAR.P 4 VIJAYALAKSHMI.V 5JENIFER ROSNEY.J

Parameter identification plays an important role in speed estimation schemes. This paper presents a speed estimation scheme based on second-order sliding-mode super twisting algorithm (STA) and model reference adaptive system (MRAS) estimation theory, in which both variations of stator resistance and rotor resistance are deliberately treated. A stator current observer is designed based on the STA, which is utilized to take the place of the reference voltage model of the standard MRAS algorithm. The observer is insensitive to the variation of rotor resistance and perturbation when the states arrive at the sliding mode. Derivatives of rotor flux are obtained and designed as the state of MRAS, thus eliminating the integration. Furthermore, in order to improve the near-zero speed operation, a parallel adaptive identification of stator resistance is designed relying on derivatives of rotor flux and stator current. Compared with the first-order sliding-mode speed estimator, the proposed scheme makes full use of the auxiliary sliding-mode surface, thus alleviating the chattering behavior without increasing the complexity. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme have been validated experimentally.

784-790

Authors: Deepak Kumar Rath

This world is full of different kind of light sources some are natural ones while others are man-made light sources. The man-made light sources have only two modes of operation that is switch on and switch off there is no intermediate level that can be set according to the surrounding lighting condition and at the end everything needs to be controlled manually. These lead to wastage of electricity and at the same time a manual control is not effective in the modern era. In this paper, we purpose an advanced light control system which is capable of replacing the old generation light control system. The system is implemented on an embedded platform & is equipped with a photo sensitive detector (LDR) which gives the required input for operation .The working of our light control system is based on the amount of luminous energy in the environment at that moment of time. Depending upon the light intensity at that instant the lighting of the lighting system is adjusted. The embedded main board including the Microcontroller chip, memory (flash), and communication port are used as a processing module for the input that we get from peripheral devices (LDR).Application of such a system can be implemented in workstations, park lights, street lighting system, head lights of automobiles and much more.

801-806

Authors: Prof. A. A. Karad[1],Brijeshwar Wagh[2], Ajay Shukla[3], Niladhari Pyata [4] ,Chetan Gujar[5]

this paper deals with the design and analysis of the welding fixture for the fuel tank mounting bracket. A fixture is a work holding or support device used in manufacturing industries. Fixture are used for supporting and holding the work ensuring that all parts produced using the fixture will maintain conformity and interchangeability. Locating and supporting areas must be large and stiff enough to accommodate welding operation, strong clamps are also requirement. Thus, pneumatic clamps are used. Pneumatic clamps allow the automatic clamping. Since the fuel tank mounting bracket consist of number of child parts which have to be welded to each other with a specified tolerance and weld quality. The material used for the mounting bracket is mild steel which is commonly used in fabrication. The deformation on mounting bracket due to clamping and of rotating disc due to loading of all parts have been found using FEA by using ANSYS software. Finally the deformation results are presented in this document.

812-618

Authors: 1Ranjitha CR,1 Jeena Thomas,2 Chithra KR

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of linear block LDPC codes. The name comes from the characteristic of their parity-check matrix which contains only a few 1’s in comparison to the amount of 0’s. This paper represents LDPC code characteristics, encoding and iterative decoding approaches to achieve channel capacity. Low-density-parity-check codes have been studied a lot in the last years and large progresses have been made in the understanding and ability to design iterative coding systems. The transmission quality is basically concerned with the probability of bit error at the receiver with respect to communication. This is an attempt to obtain highest capacity with minimum error rate by implementing modern codes named as LDPC(Low Density Parity Check codes). At the present time, LDPC codes has received a superior interest because of the error correction performance and world wide applications.

819-826

Authors: Rohit Gokarn Jadhav (M.E Design) 1, Prof.Aldar.B.D (Head of Mechanical Engineering) 2

Work gives conceptual model and mechanical design of special application fixture hook made for crane which is to be used overhead material handling application in component machining automation. Cylinder block is to be machined for drilling operation executes in line on bottom face of the component so this hook gives perfect fixturing with full proof poka yoke to move on overhead sliding panel provided in shop floor. Design and product development considered with the manufacturability and practical feasibility. Structural weldment is the out coming function for this work of innovation .Boundary conditions are examined and applied for analysis on actual behavior of the structure in working conditions. Loads are calculating by considering input parameters. Structural behavior analysis formed in ansys tool to prove its workability.

834-838

Authors: Mr. Akash J. Wadate

The aim of this work is to check whether an android application is having malware or not. Day by day malwares are spreading very fast. Malwares are dangerous to any system. By this work user will be able to verify the presence of malwares in apk file, based on that he can avoid installing it in his mobile and thus can be protected from malware attacks. Here cloud computing is used to provide portability and other features.

847-852

Authors: 1Haris K V, 1Hrudhya Kurian C

Electric utility around the world is facing with restructuring, deregulation and privatization. And transmission network tend to be heavily loaded and transmission services become one of the most critical element. Power system transfer capability indicates how much inter area power transfers can be increased without compromising system security. For both planning and operation of the bulk power market, accurate identification of this capability is very important. Available transfer capacity (ATC) as the amount of transfer capacity that is available at a certain time for purchase or sale in the electric power market under different system conditions. The computation of ATC is very important to keep reliability and security of deregulated power system. An accurate ATC computation is also very important to the transmission system. If the computed ATC is less than the ATC of the system, the transmission of power will not be efficient economically, if the computed ATC is more than the ATC of the system, the transmission will be operating in a dangerous state and any power increased will stand a chance to collapse the whole system and the result of that is disastrous. The computation of real time ATC value is very important sine it is not fixed for a line. The value of ATC for a transmission line will vary with many cases. This project also focuses on the variation of ATC value with varying renewable energy sources, with increasing load demand and with incorporation of UPFC controllers.

859-864

Authors: Dhanyashree T S1, Mrs. Sangeetha B G, Mrs. Gayatri Malhotra

Satellite/spacecraft enter into Safe Mode in case of contingency when the solar panel is not rotated towards Sun in order to provide full solar array power. The transition from safe mode to sun pointing mode, carried out automatically by Sun acquisition logic. In sun acquisition logic selected yaw and roll errors are used as inputs to controller whose outputs are routed to thruster selection logic. On Safe Mode enable condition, based on the safe mode pulse from on board computer (OBC) thruster block reconfiguration is done. This initiates thruster selection logic (TSL), whose outputs are routed to thruster drivers to fire the thrusters in satellites/spacecraft to change the spacecraft orientation. The eclipse condition is also detected from 4PI pitch output on safe mode.

872-883

Authors: Serkan ÇAŞKA1, Ahmet GAYRETLİ2

Small/portable unmanned air vehicles which supply their energy from electric batteries have been successfully used in applications of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance-based missions gradually. Despite their increasing usage, studies which focus on S-UAVs limited battery capacities has not been completely dealt in the literature. This obstructs the usage of small unmanned air vehicles in long range and unremitting mission scenarios. In addition, small unmanned air vehicles have been supported with unmanned ground vehicles to carry out surveillance-based missions efficiently in recent researches. However, studies including collaborative teams with unmanned air and ground vehicle are limited in literature. In this paper, a surveillance system that is based on collaboration of two small unmanned air vehicles and a transporter unmanned ground vehicle was proposed. In order to provide the continuity of surveillance mission, an assigning and directing algorithm that considers battery charge level of the small unmanned air vehicles was developed within the proposed system. Developed algorithm assigns tasks to unmanned air vehicles and changes their role in surveillance mission by checking their battery levels. The proposed system was examined with tests in simulation and outdoor environment in a specified range and unmanned air vehicles completed surveillance mission by making a successful task exchange during their mission.