Business Inform

8-14

Authors: Tumanov O. O.

Social media is gaining widespread popularity in the context of the rapid development of innovative technologies. Today, many business organizations use social media to communicate with their users. Social media helps business organizations improve their brands and stay where the user is – on the social networks. The article is aimed at theoretical substantiation of the content of the concept of «social media», disclosing their essence and functions, defining the theoretical basis for a statistical study of them in order to ensure possible further use for business development. To achieve the aim, various sources of information were analyzed and the history of social media development was considered. It is defined that social media depends on the use of Internet or Internet technologies. The article allocates the main components of social media, i.e., web forums, podcasts, blogs and micro-blogs, social networks, and provides the respective definitions. The main functional features of social media are considered, which are: identification, presence, conversations, relationships, groups, reputation and exchange. Since a significant proportion of the time spent by users on the Internet constitutes the time spent on social networks, the author defines the social networks that are most popular in Ukraine. On the example of the social network Facebook, which became the leader of the ranking, the main marketing functions offered by means of social media were researched. Among the main functions are: live video, «Sell something» function, survey creation, and publication planning. The analytics on the use of video advertising on the pages of the social network Facebook is considered. It is defined that the main advertisers in Ukraine, using this social network to display video ads, are on-line stores such as Rozetka, Allo and Fotos.

21-36

Authors: Pugachevska K. S., Vorobei Y. M.

The article is aimed at researching the intellectualization of capital in terms of its influence on the strengthening of competitive position of international companies in the post-industrial economy. A systematization of scientific works in the research area has shown that in the context of the knowledge economy, traditional factors of creating competitive advantages, in particular material resources, lose their importance. At a time when knowledge and information are the engine of development, success is achieved by companies that manage to make full use of them in order to obtain competitive advantages both in domestic and international markets. Now the market value of some international companies, whose competitive advantages are based on intangible assets, is almost 6 times their book value. In this context, the formation of modern approaches to the management of intellectual capital takes place in the post-industrial era, when the precondition for the development of society and companies is the efficiency of use of intangible assets. It is substantiated that the management of intellectual capital from the point of view of the international company’s activities is distinguished by a certain specificity and differentiation of the contribution of its various components to increasing the level of capitalization of the company. The competitiveness of an international company in a post-industrial economy is determined by a wide range of criteria, including: activization of innovation activity; active commercialization of the structural elements of intellectual capital; protecting the company’s intellectual capital; use of the legally constituted means to enshrine exclusive rights to creative and intellectual work; allocation of the intellectual capital management process as a self-functioning subsystem.

45-50

Authors: Makarchuk K. O., Shuba M. V.

The article is aimed at defining the current status and prospects for attracting foreign direct investment in the Chinese economy. The dynamics of China’s inflow and outflow of foreign direct investment are provided, the main countries investing in the Chinese economy are specified. It is determined that the amount of foreign direct investment in the Chinese economy has been increasing annually during the researched period. This is facilitated by the openness of the economy, the rapid development of the high-tech sector, liberalization, creation of free trade zones. The legal regulation of investment activities and attracting foreign capital to PRC is considered. The government’s favorable tax policy, including the preferential regime of special economic zones, has been defined as an important factor in increasing the PRC investment attractiveness (out of 5400 special economic zones in the world more than 4000 are in Asian developing countries, and China holds the largest number of them – more than 2500). China’s positions in investment attractiveness ratings, such as the rating of ease in doing business, the index of economic freedom, the index of regulatory restrictions for foreign direct investment, the index of investor confidence, are analyzed. The relationship between China’s GDP and the inflow of foreign direct investment into China has been defined using correlation analysis. The results of the calculation showed that the correlation ratio is 0,54, which indicates that there is but a weak link between the indicators researched. The main advantages and risks of China’s investment climate are systematized. It is determined that, despite China’s significant investment attractiveness, there are many investment risks, but the Chinese government continues reforms directed towards improving the investment climate of the country.

57-62

Authors: Duna N. H., Kovtun T. D.

The article analyzes the current features of development of the Great Britain’s economy in the context of membership in the European Union. The country’s positions both in the world and in the integration grouping are disclosed in terms of the economy size, the volume of foreign economic relations, and the degree of development of national production. The structure of the economy and the leading industries in the United Kingdom are characterized. The dynamics and current status of the min macroeconomic indicators of Great Britain are analyzed. The general economic and institutional-economic reasons for the vote to leave the European Union are considered. Options for transforming the relationship between Great Britain and the European Union are described, including: a hard Brexit (Great Britain’s exit from the common market and the development of trade relations with the EU under WTO rules) and a soft Brexit (conclusion of agreement with the EU and development of further relations in the format of a free trade zone, customs union or common market). The expected positive and negative consequences, opportunities and threats of the Great Britain’s exit from the EU are covered. In general, in view of the increased risk of the spread of disintegration trends in the world, it is suggested that this complex phenomenon requires further research.

70-75

Authors: Knir M. O., Plieshakova N. А., Plieshakova O. A., Kryvoruchko Y. V.

The proposed scientific article is concerned with the topical issue of the management of public debt at the current stage of the development of Ukraine’s economy. The article is aimed at studying the experience of foreign countries in managing public debt and developing practical recommendations to improve the management of Ukraine’s external public debt. The essence of the concept of «external debt» is considered, statistics on the volume of government borrowings in the foreign countries are analyzed, and ways of improving the mechanism of management of Ukraine’s external public debt are proposed. Key priorities for applying foreign experience to stimulate economic growth in Ukraine have been defined. The main regulatory changes are considered, in particular changes to the Budget Code, which provide for the creation of the Debt Agency of Ukraine, with the following tasks: management of public debt and the risks associated with it; implementation of public internal and external borrowings; other tasks that would come under its jurisdiction. Prospects for further research in this direction is the improvement of the regulatory framework governing the debt policy in Ukraine and the implementation of a holistic strategy for managing the external public debt.

81-87

Authors: Koleshchuk O. Y.

The article is aimed at forming an integrated mechanism for strategic management of innovativeness of machine-building enterprises in the modern economic environment. It is defined that in today’s problematic economic environment, the formation and making of managerial decisions on the introduction of innovativeness at machine-building enterprise requires a thorough analysis of external and internal factors and represents a complex process that has successive interconnected stages and is also characterized by the notion of a procedural invariant for an effective strategic managerial decision-making. The process of innovativeness at machine-building enterprise should have an innovative and creative structure to meet the needs of consumers. At the stage of implementation of strategic management of innovativeness of enterprises, measures to flesh out the solution and bring it to the workers are developed, the progress of its implementation is monitored, the received result is adjusted and assessed. It is defined that the strategic management of innovativeness of machine-building enterprises should have its own concrete result, so the goal is to find such forms, methods, means and instruments that could contribute to the achievement of the best result in the introduction of innovativeness of enterprise in certain conditions. The article allocates the main factors and conditions for ensuring high quality and efficiency of strategic management of innovativeness of machine-building enterprises. To address these issues, an integrated mechanism for strategic management of innovativeness of machine-building enterprises has been proposed.

95-101

Authors: Khanin I. H., Bilozubenko V. S.

In the modern era, the growth, development and competitiveness of national economies and, ultimately, the well-being of nations, depend crucially on the scales, paces and impacts of innovations. Therefore, the intensification of innovative processes, which has reached the national level and was manifested in the creation of national innovation systems (NIS), has become crucial. Nowadays, education is considered to be one of the most important components of the NIS. Understanding the role of education for the NIS enables the development and management of this sector in the context of improving the efficiency of the entire system and other elements. The role of education is defined not only in terms of training specialists, but also from the perspective of the structure of the NIS and the special functions of the education sector. The article examines several models that emphasize the importance and role of education: «Triple Spiral», «Third Mission», «Smart Specialization», and «Knowledge Triangle». The positions of education (universities) in the NIS subsystems are characterized. The presence of education in various functional blocks as well as in basic processes is displayed. The role of education in the NIS is also disclosed in the allocation of functions. Attention is drawn to the overall economic importance of the education sector, as well as to several groups of functions in the following spheres: specialists training; generating new knowledge; organizing an innovation process; supporting innovation; commercialization of innovation; ensuring a relationship with the environment. The framework of NIS is integrating science, education and innovation, which involves harmonious interaction, development and balance. The integration of science, education and innovation requires a qualitatively new innovation infrastructure, new forms of organization of scientific, educational and innovation activities. In general, education is important in the intensification of innovative processes, plays an important role in the formation of the NIS, its structural perfection and improvement of efficiency.

110-118

Authors: Arefyeva O. V., Poberezhna Z. M.

The article considers the intensification of the process of management of the economic behavior of enterprise in competitive markets. The system of management of the economic behavior of enterprise should be guided by the pace of development of scientific-technological progress, be necessarily related to the mechanism of the enterprise’s activities and is aimed at improving its activities and management methods. Applying the priority management practices for an enterprise should be based on the integrated use of a system of economic laws and managerial principles. Intensification of management of the economic behavior of enterprise in competitive markets is formed by means of certain instruments, methods and levers that interact with each other and constitute a holistic formation, produce an economic effect. Methods of measuring the intensification of management system of the enterprise’s economic behavior are proposed to be applied as most socio-economic indicators, formed under the influence of many factors rather than one. A model of correlation-regression analysis has been proposed, based on a group of factor indicators, namely: production costs; volume of products produced; value added by production costs; capital investment in the enterprise; number of enterprises in the industry. The findings of the research are that the greatest impact is the value-added indicator related to production costs. Measures to intensification of enterprise in competitive markets have been proposed. The main conditions for the successful implementation of the intensification of enterprise management in competitive markets have been defined through: improving the use of all types of resources and predicting the possibilities for their replacement with better ones; intensification of the introduction of innovative models for the formation of organizational behavior of enterprise in competitive markets; improving organization of production to identify bottlenecks and identify reserves; introduction of a system of measures to improve managerial decision-making based on the introduction of information technologies inherent in the digital economy.

125-131

Authors: Kozina K. H.

The article is aimed at exploring the features of development of regional transport markets. Based on the carried out analysis, the approach to the distribution of regions of Ukraine by the level of development of these markets was considered. The main methods of analysis were the statistical method, the methods of cluster analysis of k-averages and the Ward method. As a result of the study, it was substantiated that the indicator, which provides an opportunity to allocate certain groups by the level of development, is the freight turnover of transport enterprises in the regions. On the basis of this, three groups of regions of Ukraine were allocated in terms of the level of development of regional freight transport markets: regions with consistently high levels of freight transport turnover; regions with consistently average levels; regions with consistently low levels. It is defined that the stable growth of freight turnover over a long period is a feature of regions with a high level of development of regional transport markets. For the regions that are part of the group with a stable average level of development, the feature is a stable dynamics of development without significant changes over a long period. A feature of the development of regional freight transport markets in the group of regions with consistently low levels is the dynamics of freight turnover, which is characterized by the absence of significant changes throughout the researched period. Prospect for further research in this direction is to predict the development of freight transport markets, taking into account the characteristics of each group of regions, which will constitute the basis for the further formation of long-term market development strategies as part of the regional program of transport infrastructure development.

140-147

Authors: Yaroshenko I. V., Semigulina I. B.

Exploring the rural development issues, given their direct impact on the administrative, territorial and socio-economic indicators of the development of communities, regions and the country as a whole, is becoming more and more relevant in the course of implementation of provisions of the reform of local government and the territorial organization of power in Ukraine. Rural territories provide a significant contribution to the economy, cause influence on the national food security, form an essential part of the country’s export potential. Newly created communities, especially in rural areas, have inherited a significant number of local problems, including poor economic development, inadequate quality of infrastructure, lack of free access to modern public services in almost all vital social spheres (education, health, transport, communications, finance, etc.). Existing problems of self-fulfillment and decent labor remuneration, first of all in the productive sphere, cause the outflow of the economically active population, especially young people, in search of work and better living conditions, characterize the high level of the current unemployment and the continuing ageing of the rural population, which as a result exacerbates social and economic problems in society. Finding ways to address local development problems, introducing an efficient system of integrated development of rural territories and achieving functional self-sufficiency in newly created communities, taking into account the benefits of the expanded powers granted in the the course of implementing the decentralization reform, require researching the new approaches to the public management of territorial development and the formation of a socio-economic basis upon their own available resources and the internal potential for achieving the sustainable economic growth, stimulating their development, and improving the socio-economic indicators of the living standards of citizens.

154-160

Authors: Yakimenko O. V.

It is noted that regional industrial complexes are in poor condition nowadays and require the renewal and modernization of fixed assets, efficient use of all available production resources and integrated use of the production and management potential of the enterprises. The main approaches to formation of the potential of industrial enterprise are considered and allocated, which are related to its functional structure and ensuring the creation and organization of a system of resources and capabilities that would enable to achieve a variety of the enterprise’s goals as a result of their interaction. Approaches that are unambiguous in the allocation of resource and target aspects in determination of potential, depending on historical stages in management, are considered. However, other factors in the interpretation of the potential of industrial enterprise must also be taken into account today. The mentioned approaches, from the management point of view, allow to disclose the instrumentarium of ensuring the efficiency of development of the regional economic systems of more qualitative basis. Despite the diversity of interpretations, common features are allocated, which is represented by the most of approaches. It is noted that the allocated factors and conditions for building and further implementation of the potential of industrial enterprises of region differ in their impact on the potential of business entities. It is concluded that, taking into account the conditions of the external environment, as well as the influence of its respective factors, on the potential of the enterprise, it is possible not only to predict possible fluctuations of separate (functional) potential opportunities, but also to develop and implement the necessary measures to adjust this influence on operating systems in order to achieve the intended goal.

166-170

Authors: Buryk Y. I.

The article is aimed at studying the current status and major tendencies in the functioning of food industry in Kherson region, to form strategic development guidelines and to ensure competitiveness in the conditions of an unstable external environment. It is determined that the food industry is a strategically important industry sector in the agro-industrial complex of Kherson region. The region’s food industry enterprises have a fairly wide specialization and provide the population with a wide range of products such as meat, dairy, flour and cereals, bakery, etc. The dynamics of the main indicators of development of the food industry in Kherson region during 2010-2017 were analyzed. Despite the priority of the industry in the region, the deterioration of the main indicators of development of the food industry in Kherson region continues, which is associated with increased competition in the foreign food market, severization of requirements to their quality characteristics, low per capita income. The contribution of food industry enterprises to the Kherson region industry in terms of sales volumes, exports, capital investments, foreign direct investment and the number of employees is considered. Using the SWOT analysis, essence of the strategic guidelines for the development of Kherson region food industry has been identified, considering the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the industry in the context of sustainable development of the State’s economy.

177-184

Authors: Petrenko O. I.

The article explores the status and major trends in the development of container shipping traffic in the world; analyzes the dynamics and structure of container shipping traffic by regions of the world, the largest of which is Asia; determines the dynamics of container freight flows, allocating 20 cities with the largest container freight turnover; defines the role of container shipping in the development of global maritime trade. It is determined that the processing of container freight flows remains concentrated in large ports. The total capacity of the world’s 20 largest ports is growing and makes 347,8 million TEU in 2018. Shanghai remains the most powerful container port in the world, the largest growth is observed in Singapore. Only five ports outside Asia are represented among the top 20 container ports, namely Antwerp, Hamburg, Los Angeles, Long Beach and Rotterdam. Further development of container traffic from China is expected, which in turn may lead to a reduction in volumes and freight flows on the Trans-Pacific route. In the container shipments by sea, there are tendencies to form alliances between terminal operators, line companies for joint operation of berths, which puts new requirements for adaptation and technical equipment of ports. Vertical integration and further expansion of transport lines in terminal operations increases competition between carriers. It is determined that the development of container shipping is facilitated by the growth of economic activity world-wide, restructuring of supply chain in favor of large ships and carrier alliances, digitalization and modernization of transport infrastructure, the newest shipbuilding, economic integration and informatization.

192-197

Authors: Kozub S. O.

The article is aimed at defining the essence and substantiating the criteria for evaluation of the planning system at trading enterprise. According to the results of the generalization of scientific publications, the trading enterprise’s planning system is defined by a set of the following elements: subject, object, planning instruments, and architecture of plans. To evaluate the planning system, it is proposed to use the criteria of quality and compliance of the planning with the system of management at trading enterprise. Taking into account the elemental composition and the criteria developed, a set of single and integrated indicators of evaluation of the trading enterprise’s planning system is substantiated, which includes the following indicators: adequacy and the level of training of staff as to the planned work; completeness and timeliness of planning the activity of trading enterprise according to the key elements of the business model; completeness of information in terms of the main types of accounting and use of corporate information systems, the complexity of plans and the level of their implementation in activities; ratio of the centralization of planning and the management at enterprise. Prospect for further research in this direction is an analysis of the efficiency of introduction of corporate information systems in the activities of trading enterprises.

203-209

Authors: Bulavchenko O. S.

The article considers the basic methodical principles of the monitoring of labor market in the conditions of systemic transformations. It is defined that by means of monitoring the government authorities are able to adjust their actions to reduce negative influences on the labor market. It is defined that the Ukrainian labor market begins to look like the Brownian movement: enterprises are forced to curtail production, reduce sales, save and, as a result, freeze vacancies, lay off staff. The carried out monitoring identified the riskiest industries in terms of balancing supply and demand. The industries, which delay wages and reduce its level, stop paying bonuses, suspend the opening of new offices of companies and recruitment of staff, are allocated. It is determined that, despite high social benefits for the unemployed, the power of European countries in various ways stimulates the creation of new jobs and the preservation of old ones. The directions to increase the objectivity of the analysis and forecast of the situation in the labor market in connection with the persistence of the consequences of the crisis developments are defined. It is determined that it is appropriate to monitor the implementation of activities of Ukrainian subjects to promote employment and reduce tension in the labor market – in terms of employment and forecasted distribution of graduates of educational institutions at all levels through employment channels, including those registered as unemployed. The principles allowing to form an efficient system of monitoring the labor market have been allocated. It is defined that the result of monitoring is obtaining the information necessary to make managerial decisions on policy formation in the sphere of employment. An algorithm for monitoring the employment sector in the labor market in Ukraine has been proposed. It is defined that use of multidimensional comparative analysis, in particular the method of taxonometrics, is feasible in building an integral indicator. It is determined that the resulting system of quantitative assessments of the level of employment of the population sets the task of their qualitative interpretation, one of the ways of solving which is the application of desirability functions. Based on the carried out calculations, it is determined that the social indicator had the greatest impact on the employment rate. On the basis of monitoring, the main factors influencing the formation of the labor market in Ukraine are allocated. In developing ways to increase employment of the population, regulating these factors should be considered as a priority. It is proved that monitoring is appropriate to carry out according to the proposed indicators, as they have the greatest impact on the employment rate of the population.

216-221

Authors: Liubokhynets L. S., Rudnichenko Y. M.

The article is aimed at analyzing the methodologies of flexible management of enterprise and the economic security system. It is defined that the methodology of Scrum is used most often in the practical activities of enterprises when implementing agile production. Features of the integrated method of Nonaka-Takeuchi, methodology of Scrum, Spotify model, as well as methodologies of agile software development in the construction and operation of agile organizations are described. It is defined that the application of flexible management in the practical activities of enterprises allows to quickly develop and make managerial decisions, including in the sphere of ensuring the economic security. The main obstacles to the implementation of the methodology of flexible management in the modern practice of operating enterprises have been allocated. At the same time, from the position of efficient functioning of the economic security system of enterprise and minimizing the intra-organizational tension, a flexible approach to solving the problematic aspects of the operation of the above-mentioned system represents a key to its successful activity.

227-233

Authors: Maslak O. I., Nikitiuk V. G.

The functional features of logistic activities of machine-building enterprises are defined on the basis of identification of factors influencing the efficiency of logistic activities and the criteria for evaluating the level of introduction of logistics. It is noted that the essence of the problem of introducing logistic activities into the practice of machine-building enterprises is that today’s manufacturers of machine-building products have almost no proper theoretical basis and practical experience in the use of the logistic system (in order to optimize costs and manage material, financial and information flows) by integrating individual parts of the logistic process into an efficient system and accounting the functional features of the logistic activities of machine-building enterprises. It is noted that the logistic system is an adaptive and feedback-enabled system that performs certain logistical functions. It usually consists of several subsystems and has well-developed links with the external environment. The application of logistic system in the enterprises of machine-building complex will allow to integrate all the processes of the enterprise with minimal costs, while optimally adapting production processes to the external environment factors. Based on a carried out study to determine the functional features of the logistic activities of machine-building enterprises, on the basis of identification of factors influencing the efficiency of logistic activities and criteria for evaluating the level of introduction of logistics, it is concluded that the main direction of improving the efficiency of logistic activities of machine-building enterprises is to use a systematic approach to the introduction of logistics in the production and economic activities of machine-building enterprises based on the use of a complex of logistic subsystems.

239-247

Authors: Mushnykova S. A.

The article is aimed at forming a system of key indicators of activity in evaluating the optimal level of security of industrial enterprise through the balance of statics and dynamics. It is defined that in order to obtain the optimal level of security of the industrial enterprise development, it is necessary to achieve a balance of the factors wth both static and dynamic nature of action. Moreover, the dynamic status provides two possibilities: to cover statics and characterize the transformation of the totality of all economic systems, which are not static, for a certain time. In the course of the research, considering the experience of scholars on the general economic theory, the choice of static indicators within the activities of a separate industrial enterprise is substantiated, which can include the following: value of non-current assets, including average fixed assets value and depreciation; number of production staff with a fixed salary level; constant part of the cost of sold products; amount and value of equity capital. As a result of production, investment, innovation, financial and management activities, static indicators, which are basic, are transforming into indicators of dynamics that characterize the enterprise’s activities over a certain time along with change of the positive or negative nature of its development. The level of security of industrial enterprise can be evaluated by an integral indicator, which takes into account the specific characteristics of the enterprise and the limitedness of the resources available.

255-261

Authors: Mazurenko O. K.

The article is aimed at defining the potential benefits of using blockchain technology in logistics and possible scenarios for their use in the information provision of logistic services. It is defined that the introduction of blockchain technology in logistics makes it possible to store data in the necessary amount, to protect documents from fraudsters, to prevent the possibility of changing digital information about the transportation process. This system can definitely reduce the costs of suppliers for delivery and the likelihood of actions of fraudsters, while preserving the financial resources of all participants in logistic processes. At the same time, identifying the potential benefits of introducing blockchain technology into logistics is defined by using a structure that outlines the impact of this introduction on the organizational structures and processes. In the first phase, the attributes of the innovation structure need to be applied to determine possible uses in accordance with five innovative characteristics: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, opportunity of test and observability, thus providing a theoretical basis for classifying the relevant supplements. The second phase presents an additional structure, wherein four different stages of transformation are allocated. This structure will help logistics managers better understand various aspects of the blockchain problems, such as the desirable or even necessary level of cooperation and consensus, as well as legislative and regulatory hurdles.

268-274

Authors: Berezhniy Y. B.

The article is aimed at substantiating the organizational model of auditing the enterprise’s costs. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved: the concept of «operating costs» has been defined; the essence of auditing the enterprise’s operating costs is outlined; a model of auditing the enterprise’s costs has been developed. Based on the analysis of existing developments in the audit of the enterprise’s costs, the lack of a comprehensive research on this issue is determined, while single publications and the lack of a clear organizational scheme lead to insufficient spread of audit of operating costs among users of audit information. The article substantiates and develops an organizational model of auditing the enterprise’s operating costs, which is considered in the context of the process-system approach. This model is represented by a complex of successive, mutually conditioned stages, which, on the one hand, allow to form a reliable audit opinion, and on the other - meet the criteria of expediency and validity. On the basis of generalizations of the follow-up revisions by leading scholars and practitioners, the traditional composition of the stages and phases of the audit survey of the enterprise’s costs was supplemented. Further research will develop a noncontinuous approach to planning the audit of the enterprise’s costs.

282-289

Authors: Pinchuk K. S.

The article is aimed at examining the theoretic-methodical basics of accountance and control at construction enterprises. It is proved that the organization of accountance for construction and installation works directly depends on the features of construction production. It is substantiated that the construction is characterized by a number of specific features that determine the order of organizing its accountance and control. It is defined that natural factors have a significant impact on the construction process more than in other industries. In construction, individual performance of works by individual workers is practically excluded, which means that brigade forms of labor organization are used generally. It is defined that the peculiarity of accountance in construction production is that construction can be carried out in contract, economic or mixed ways. Construction products are accounted at an estimated cost and at the actual cost. It is proved that only accountance personnel are not enough to carry out construction and installation works, so a number of narrow-qualified specialists take part in the accountance and control of the completed construction works. The most important directions of organization of accountance and control of construction enterprises have been defined. The organizational-methodical basics of accountance and control in construction enterprises have been generalized and systematized. It is proposed to indicate the costs in the analytical accountance terms by individual positions and to group according to the main directions of works. Problems have been defined and directions for improving the organization of accountance and control of construction and installation works have been proposed.

296-302

Authors: Nechyporenko A. V., Khmara L. S.

The article is aimed at studying the current tendencies in the development of structural components of Ukraine’s financial security in the context of modern transformations characterized by certain positive developments that lead to an increase in the country’s financial security. The financial security components, such as banking security, security of the non-bank financial sector, debt security, budget security, currency and money-and-credit security are allocated. The budget security, debt security, currency and money-and-credit security of Ukraine are thoroughly considered and analyzed in detail. It is noted that the ability of the State to implement financial policies on its own in accordance with national interests is at the heart of the financial security of the State and is especially exacerbated in the context of globalization processes. Since the globalization process has a dual impact on the development of the financial system, the article especially focuses on studying the tendencies of the components of the country’s financial security at the current stage of development. The need to create a new law enforcement agency, which will implement the State policy on prevention, detection, suppression, investigation and disclosure of criminal crimes in the sphere of finance, i.e., help to eliminate systemic threats in the public finances sphere, is substantiated. Prospect for further research in this direction, taking into account the existing threats posed by globalization, namely: corruption, economic instability, inflation, is to determine such ways of reforming tax systems that will reduce the tax burden on producers and reduce the level of the shadow economy.

311-316

Authors: Khlivnyi V. K., Rudyk N. V.

The article is aimed at researching the country’s macro-financial indicators as an instrument to inform about changes in the development of its economic and financial spheres. The need for macro-financial indicators at all stages of management is substantiated. The sequence of use of results of macro-financial indicators analysis in the implementation of the country’s financial policy strategy is visually presented. Monitoring of indicators in the course of management process should take place at least twice: in the process of estimating the situation to form an action plan and in evaluating the impact of implementing these activities. A systemization of macro-financial indicators in accordance with the following subgroups is proposed: stability, security, efficiency. Attention is paid to the specifics of filling each of the groups of macro-financial indicators in accordance with specific characteristics and functional purpose for the economic and financial system. The allocation of the first group is conditioned by the need to define the amount of the country’s financial resources, on the basis of which public finance funds are formed, which are directly dependent on the stability of income base of the State budget and the monetary stability in general. The allocation of the second group provides an opportunity to evaluate the efficiency of management in terms of distribution and redistribution of the public finance funds. The classification group of the macro-financial security indicators includes indicators of budget security and debt security. A list of macro-financial indicators within each of these groups is provided. The selection is based on the recommendations of the effective and actual methodology for calculating the economic and financial security of the country. The classification is based on the main goals of sustainable development, based on empirical indicators of the methodology and the sustainable growth of the country’s GDP.

325-331

Authors: Sadovenko M. M., Ariienchuk A. M.

Tax revenues are one of the main sources of formation of budget revenues, while direct taxes are always playing the important role. In the structure of tax revenues of Ukraine, such taxes are smaller in amount than indirect ones, but they are considered the most fair, because they allow to shift the main tax burden on the wealthier segments of the population, having a direct dependence on the level of the payer’s income. The use of direct taxes is one of the economical methods of management and ensuring the relationship of national interests with the interests of economic entities and the population, but the low level of tax culture, imperfection of fiscal legislation and a tax mechanism not tuned up reduce revenues to an already scarce budget. Therefore, taking into account today’s realities, the problem of building a perfect and efficient system of direct taxation becomes especially urgent. The article is aimed at analyzing direct taxes, their role in the formation of budget revenues, as well as defining shortcomings and ways to improve direct taxation in Ukraine. The dynamics of receipts of major direct taxes to the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine are analyzed. The problems and shortcomings of individual budget-forming taxes are allocated. The relevance of direct tax reform is substantiated. The authors recommend ways to improve the direct tax system with regard to: the institutional taxation environment; eliminating inaccuracies in the algorithms of defining tax base; introducing a complex progression in the taxation of personal income; minimizing tax preferences; gradual reduction of the tax burden on the country’s economy; improving the fiscal efficiency of taxes by expanding the tax base, abolishing conventions on avoiding double taxation with offshore zones; improving the system of administration; reforming the State tax service and so on.

338-343

Authors: Bench L. Y., Andriichuk A. Y., Ponomarova K. S.

The article is aimed at studying the credit instruments of «green» finances. The Kyoto Protocol calls for the use of credit instruments to effectively counter climate change. The article substantiates the need for active use in the world of such credit instruments for environmental management («green» finances), such as carbon credit, «green» certificates, «green» bonds. The current tendencies in the use of credit instruments to counter environmental risks are considered. The authors also consider the process of trading CO2 emissions certificates (emissions trading system). One of the main instruments of «green» financing – «green» credit – has been researched. The essence of the emissions trading system, carbon credit, «green» bonds and «green» certificates is considered. The need to use «green» certificates and «green» bonds in Ukraine is discovered. The bond market and the value of «green» bonds in the world are analyzed. A number of advantages and risks of the introduction of «green» bonds in Ukraine is defined. Measures to popularize credit instruments in Ukraine are proposed. Prospect for further research in this direction is to consider increasing the attractiveness of the above mentioned credit instruments.

355-363

Authors: Lysa O. V., Korniyenko I. S.

The article is aimed at a comparative analysis of different methods of assessing the level of financial security of enterprise, defining their advantages and disadvantages, as well as substantiation of the choice of the most optimal and acceptable for a particular enterprise methods to assess the level of its financial security. Consideration of different methods for assessing the financial security of an economic entity based on the use of financial coefficients helped to divide them into indicator and integral ones (including the models using integrated assessments and bankruptcy forecasting models) and to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Practical application of these methodologies on the basis of a particular enterprise allowed to detect their problematic aspects in the context of both the composition of indicators (coefficients) and their number, and the interpretation of the results of calculations, which were conducted in accordance with these methods. It is proved that under certain conditions of operation of national enterprises, certain methods are unacceptable for use, as they are based on insufficient financial information. The feasibility of assessing the financial security of enterprise in the short and long term is substantiated, correspondingly varying the composition and number of financial indicators used for such an assessment. Prospects for further research are seen in the development of a universal methodology for assessing the financial security of enterprise, which would ensure the simplicity of calculations, complete accounting of the input information flow, high reliability of the results obtained.

370-383

Authors: Zubkova A. B., Rusanova L. D.

The purpose of the article is the development of recommendations for the business maturity determination and measurement in the implementation of the agile approach for high-tech companies. Methods of analysis of documents, observation, personal and in-depth interviews, case studies have been used in the research. The findings of the research: Business Agility Journey has been suggested for defining the state of the maturity of the company and conducting express diagnostics of agility. Agile Project Management Journey has been developed for the identification of weaknesses by the companies in the path to agility, as well as for the determination of events for the transition from the traditional to the agile approach. Personal Agility Checklist has been designed for testing the soft skills of employees for the presence of the agile mindset. Research limitations include the study of the maturity of companies in the IT industry. Practical implications are based on the use of suggested Agility Journeys in defining the state of maturity and main problems on the transition path. Also, Personal Agility Checklist will help to check the agility of the future employees. The originality of the article is based on the uniqueness of the Agility Journey that has been developed for the first time. Further research on this topic should be focused on the development of an agile mindset as a prerequisite for the provision of agility in the company.

396-402

Authors: Svitlychna K. S., Shut O. Y., Kovalenko P. V.

The article defines that one of the promising directions of ensuring the successful functioning of enterprise in the financial, production and social environment is the introduction of the integrated management systems that combine in themselves two or three or more international standards. It is defined that in the context of implementation of the integrated management system there are issues about evaluation of the level of performance of the system’s operation. The complexity of this issue is due to the multidimensionality and multi-levelity of such an evaluation. It is proved that for a pharmaceutical enterprise, the evaluation of the performance of the entire integrated management system should be based on the evaluation of all constituent systems, i.e.: systems to ensure the quality and safety of manufactured medicines (GMP industry rules), quality management systems (international standard ISO 9001:2015) and social responsibility systems (international standard ISO 26000:2010). On this basis, a generalized evaluation system consisting of seven stages is proposed. In the initial stages, the criteria and indicators for their evaluation are defined according to each management system. The formulas for calculating the level of performance of each management system and the overall level of performance of the entire integrated management system are provided. To ensure a qualitative interpretation of the resulting values, a scale has been proposed that reflects the level of stability of the entire integrated management system.

408-414

Authors: Kolesnyk T. M.

An analysis of the factors influencing the management of the organization’s competitiveness is carried out. It is noted that the main conditions for ensuring competitiveness are: application of scientific approaches to strategic management; ensuring unity of development of technical means, technology, economics, management, use of modern research and scientific developments methods (program-targeted planning, decision-making theory, etc.); consideration of the interconnections of the functions of managing any processes at all stages of the object’s life cycle; formation of a system of measures to ensure the competitiveness of various objects. A classification of competitiveness on certain attributes is provided. The components of the external and internal environment of the organization that influences its competitiveness are defined. Endogenous reasons for low competition of national organizations are noted. It is noted that in the absence of an efficient competitive environment and the establishment of civilized market relations, domestic enterprises and organizations do not use most common ways of gaining competitive advantages. Evidence of this is, for example, significant technological backwardness and low innovation activity of Ukrainian producers. Another cause is the self-removal of the State from the proper functions to create favorable conditions for the development of business environment and the poor quality of the State institutions. It is concluded that the analysis of external and internal factors influencing the management of the organization’s competitiveness provides an opportunity to reduce the level of uncertainty and risk in the process of production and economic activities of enterprise, increase the the quality of strategic planning and forecasting of its activities, increase the level of competitiveness of the enterprise and its products, maintain a competitive position and increase the market share owned by the enterprise.

420-425

Authors: Kozyrieva O. V., Ivanov M. Y.

The theoretical aspects of project risk management in IT companies are generalized. It is noted that the development of the IT industry stimulates the development of national information infrastructure in accordance with the requirements of the world’s leading economies, which have reached the level of V and VI technological modes. Today, it uses modern management technologies to succeed as IT companies. In terms of project management, one of the main challenges facing companies is project risk management, which becomes a very serious obstacle to the successful completion of a project and is assessed using the following indicators: probability of a risk event, the sum of damage (gravity). It is obvious that the presence of risks is present at all stages of the project activity. In this regard, the instrumentarium for project risk management must be constantly improved. Existing definitions of «risk» and «project risk» are generalized and systematized. It is noted that the process of defining, identifying and eliminating risks in IT companies should be constantly monitored and be continuous throughout the life of a project. Risks in the implementation of project may change; they may disappear or take other forms; new types of risks can be discovered. That is, as the project progresses, all risks must be identified, evaluated and eliminated or defeated. It is noted that when modern IT companies develop several projects at the same time, project risk management is becoming complicated and requires the use of more adapted modern risk management instruments. It is indicated that the project activity has always been accompanied by many types of risks, so the choice of risk management method depends on the overall purpose and policy of the company’s management, its financial condition, the status of the company’s risk management and its position in the market of IT industry.

432-437

Authors: Novikov D. F.

The principles of social responsibility of economic entities and their marketing at machine-building enterprise are considered, their role in the formation of the enterprise’s costs and profits is displayed. It is determined that the basis of compliance with the principles of socially responsible marketing of machine-building enterprise is to ensure the necessary quality of the produced products by strictly fulfilling technical and other requirements, both from the customer and from the regulatory framework. It is proposed to evaluate the quality of produced products using the indicator of quality of products, which covers the ranges of «quality products» and «non-quality products». It is demonstrated that it is possible to gain the biggest profit, ensuring that the principles of socially responsible marketing are respected, when the boundary value of the quality indicator of produced products is achieved in the range of «quality products». In this case, production costs are the lowest and productivity is the highest. On this basis, the author substantiates the expediency for machine-building enterprises in Ukraine to apply new technological and engineering solutions together with modern production equipment. This will provide for making of high-quality competitive products with a significant increase in the productivity and profits of enterprise. Thus, using the principles of socially responsible marketing as a limiting factor as to the quality of produced products, the company is able to provide the maximum level of profit by increasing its competitiveness, achieve an increase in its market share, as well as enter new foreign markets.

446-452

Authors: Shtal T. V., Dmytriyev G. B.

The article is aimed at generalizing the theoretical foundations of SMM as modern marketing technologies. The article explores the essence of the concept of «social media marketing» (SMM). It is found out that SMM existed as a part of marketing long before the advent of social media and the Internet. The SMM marketing forms such as social networks, blogs and micro-blogs, forums, social bookmarks and catalogs, photo hosting and video hosting, virtual and multi-player on-line games are considered. The main features of SMM-promotion are examined and it is discovered that the widespread use of social networks in society allows to confidently talk about the emergence of a new way to attract customers in any domestic market. The advantages and drawbacks of SMM are analyzed. One of the main advantages of SMM is the analysis of the study on demand and consumer motivations in the market carried out by marketers. The main drawback is the risk of losing the commitment of customers because of incorrect actions in communications. The need of consumers and businesses in SMM has been researched. Data on the most popular social networks in Ukraine are provided. A number of instruments for activities on various social networks are allocated, which result in promotion of brands, creation of groups of the consumers of certain productions, the audience Internet users is being increased and retained. Thus, the reasons for use of promotion in Facebook, together with its features and methods, are considered. The benefits of usage and the components of the promotion strategy on Instagram are researched, and the main methods of promotion on Instagram are provided. The services for self-promotion on Twitter and LinkedIn are examined. The main tasks and opportunities for promotion on Tеlеgram are described. It is defined that the correct use of social networks increases brand awareness, creates constant contact with the audience, provides prompt information to the audience, forms a circle of loyal users, enhances the attendance of the websites of companies, and therefore increases sales.