Business Inform

13-20

Authors: Romanovska Y. A.

In the economic security, as in any other science, the decisive role belongs to the conceptual and categorical apparatus, in which, along with such categories as «economic security (of object)» and «social security (of object)», which already have become well-established, the category of «socio-economic security (of object)» has been actively used in recent years. These categories are similar, mutually determined and interconnected, but are relatively independent. The article shows that the socio-economic security of a particular object is a synthetic category, including both the economic and the social components; a universal category that applies to all levels of the State’s socio-economic system. The contents of the fundamental basis of the «socio-economic security of object» - the category of «security» - is disclosed; it is shown that socio-economic security should be considered in relation to its hierarchically located objects (the State, region, enterprise). Along with increase of the level of the objects’ hierarchy goes the increase of the number of attributes that are used to disclose the content of the category of «socio-economic security (of object)», which is refined and deepened depending on the object, taking into account the increased number of attributes of the object. The author provides the general attributes, with use of which the contents of the category of «socio-economic security (of object)» are disclosed.

26-33

Authors: Kovtun T. D.

The article is aimed at identifying the features of foreign trade in goods and services of the European Union in today’s environment. The positions of the integration grouping in the world exports and imports is characterized; the dynamics of the EU’s foreign trade and the reasons for its recent slowdown are analyzed. Significant attention is paid to the analysis of the commodity and geographical structure of the European Union’s foreign trade. Features of the EU’s foreign trade in goods are analyzed. In particular, the shifts in the structure of the leading countries – trade partners of the association – are illuminated. The specifics of the participation of individual EU Member States in foreign trade in goods are characterized. The shifts in the product structure of exports and imports of the European Union are discussed in detail. The latest tendencies in the foreign trade in services of the European Union are highlighted. It is noted that recently the growth rate of foreign trade in services of the EU exceeded the growth rate of foreign trade in goods, which indicates the growing importance of the service sector both in foreign trade and in the economy of the European Union.

40-46

Authors: Hromyka R. P.

The article is aimed at analyzing the current status of export-import operations between Ukraine and the European Union, as well as finding ways to optimize the volume of trade. A study on the investment process in Ukraine is carried out, the current status and prospects for the development of foreign trade, as well as mechanisms for attracting direct investments in the Ukrainian economy, are characterized. Considering that the country’s economy cannot develop effectively without the development of foreign trade activities, there are important issues of Ukraine’s increase in the volume of export-import operations in general and in the trade with the countries of the European Union in particular, as well as proper balance of these activities. The problems and ways to overcome them in terms of development of foreign trade operations, attracting investments in Ukraine, their connection with the regional policy of the State, ways to improve the competitiveness of products are considered. The basis for this study constituted (despite a fairly large volume of existing works by domestic and foreign scholars) the aspects that are constantly changing and have a significant impact on the status of foreign economic activities of Ukraine.

55-60

Authors: Moiseienko O. M.

The article discusses the economic paradigms of power in light of problems of the investment attractiveness of the State. The author proposes the following set of measures, sanctioned by the State: deregulation of economic power, which implies increasing the level of economic freedom of investors and reducing unnecessary administrative functions of the State and consists in elaboration of specific economic rules; shifting the emphases from the control of the availability and correctness of paperwork on the current investment activities of investors to the control of the activity itself and the real behavior of investors in the market; creating mechanisms of responsibility of investors not only to the State, but above all, to other participants in investment processes: shareholders and depositors of financial institutions; strengthening the responsibility of investors should be accompanied by an increase in the responsibility of the State for violations of the rights of investment actors in the course of permissive and controlling functions; the maximum reducing of administrative barriers and replacing them with other ways of regulating investment processes meets with the necessity on the part of the State to reform the judicial system as the main way to resolve disputes, which would allow to set up a mechanism for the economic responsibility of market actors according to a private initiative, not a government initiative. The author concludes that the proposed measures would create a positive institutional investment environment in Ukraine, which could facilitate the activation of investment processes in the national economy. However, in our opinion, the task can be fulfilled only with the active participation of economic authorities in solving key economic issues, and so strengthening the role of the State in the economy will completely match the needs of the country’s modern development.

77-82

Authors: Lapko O. O., Solosich O. S.

The economic essence of the concept of "blockchain" has been concretized. It is proved that today the key area of the implementation of the blockchain technology is the financial sector, namely, payment systems built on the use of crypto-currency. On the example of Bitcoin crypt-currency, a thorough analysis of the role of cryptocurrencies in the financial system has been conducted. The prospects for using the blockchain technology in food production have been identified, where, through the development of modern systems of integrated supply chains, consumers will be able to control product quality, its organic origin, production technologies, concentrations of harmful substances. The possibility of using the blockchain technology in the real estate market, where it is possible to form electronic registries of land and real estate ownership with ensuring the security of this data, has been substantiated.

89-94

Authors: Beliavceva V. V.

The publication contains conceptual provisions about the role of value orientations and rethinking them in the new conditions of reforms on the decentralization of power. The regional values of Kharkiv region, which make up the potential of the regional territory, as well as the reasons for the growing interest of scholars and executives in the topic of «values», in particular those that characterize the relationship between the government and society, are defined. Within the value approach, the author allocates the «attitude to the territory» on the part of power structures, plus understanding of the «special status» of territories. A new direction of the value approach has been defined in the process of reforms on decentralization of power and development of local self-government. It is indicated that success of the reforms is not less related to the quality of human resources than to the availability of financial capital. The article allocates the components of development potential in conjunction with the basic and the new values, and proves that the fate of reforms depends on a successful solution to the objective problem – the existing imbalance of relationships between the power structures and the communities. The value approach is used for a new model of zoning of territories, as well as for indicating the attitudes towards the institutional innovations.

100-107

Authors: Ivanyshyn V. V., Rudyk V. K., Pecheniuk A. P.

The current global trends in the development of socio-economic relations are analyzed. It is determined that one of the promising directions is social entrepreneurship, which combines commercial and social components, which helps to mitigate the negative impact of market relations. The article is aimed at elaborating the methodical foundations for evaluation of the attractiveness of social entrepreneurship. Directions of evaluation of the attractiveness of social entrepreneurship are proposed, among which of significant importance is study of psychological and informational (educational) aspects, which the authors associate with social intelligence and social cohesion of residents. A general methodology for evaluation of the attractiveness of social entrepreneurship is proposed, which includes consideration and evaluation of indicators of social cohesion and social intelligence of residents. This will create conditions for a comprehensive study of this phenomenon, formation of a positive perception of the studied activities, identification of communities with high potential for the development of social entrepreneurship, that will become the basis of formation of a strategy for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine along with regional development programs. As direction of further scientific research is suggested development of criteria for evaluating the efficiency of social entrepreneurship together with indicators of its development.

115-120

Authors: Lutsenko N. L.

In the process of globalization, which is now actively expanded all over the world, such sphere as higher education is not left aside. Rapid changes in the economic, political, cultural, religious and other spheres induce changes also in the process of training professionals who will work for the same spheres in the future. In this regard, the higher education around the world exists in a status of uncertainty. The main task of higher education institutions today is the capability to provide students with the necessary knowledge and skills in the shortest possible time to effectively prepare them for practical work. This publication considers the global tendencies in development of higher education, helping to determine the direction of development of this sphere in Ukraine. Plausible models for building the future universities are also considered. It is concluded that national institutions of higher education (HIA) should closely monitor the world trends in the development of higher education and adapt them to their own policies.

135-139

Authors: Sherstennikov Y. V.

The publication is concerned to development of one of the methods of simulation of the logistic system (LS) of enterprise. The article is aimed at developing, with use of the approach by J. Forrester, a simulation model on the basis of which one can perform a joint model optimization of production capacity and operation of a retail network. The article formulates a system of equations that describe a LS of an enterprise. Calculations of the time dynamics for all rates of logistic system (production rate, transport rates), as well as the dynamics of the levels of goods in the wholesale warehouse and in the retail chain are accomplished. The optimization task of defining the maximum economic efficiency is formulated and solved. At this, the production capacity and capacity of the retail chain were considered as variations of the set optimization task. The numerical calculations have proved that with optimal variation parameters, significant economic results of the enterprise’s performance are achieved.

146-154

Authors: Lemishko O. O.

The article is aimed at substantiating the conceptual foundations of the State financial policy of capital reproduction in the agricultural sector of the economy on the basis of definition of dialectical relationships with the State agrarian policy. The problems of functioning of the agricultural sector of the national economy are generalized. The related limits are clarified on the basis of a critical evaluation of existing regulative acts. The State financial policy of capital reproduction in the agricultural sector of the economy is typologized. Its model, adequate to the modern conditions of the agricultural market and the status of the national economy, is substantiated. Both direct and indirect methods of the State agricultural policy in terms of stimulating the production, marketing of agricultural products, regulating prices for it, as well as a corresponding instrumentarium of the State financial policy are systematized in the fiscal, innovation-investment, credit, insurance, stock and foreign economic sectors. The emphasis is made on the program-targeted method, budgetary financing, financial support for the main sectors of the agricultural economy. The contents of synergistic and emergent effects of the State financial policy at the level of agrisphere and bioeconomics are defined.

163-168

Authors: Alyabieva O. M.

The positive impact of innovative development on various aspects of the enterprise’s operation (reducing costs, profiting, improving working conditions, improving ecological friendliness) increases its investment attractiveness and, as result of diffusion of innovation, causes positive influence on the development of the entire industry. Therefore, the evaluation of innovative development has an extraordinary role for entrepreneurs in general, and for investors in particular. The process of evaluating the innovative development of enterprise should be carried out according to a certain methodology, which takes into account the directions of the evaluation from the view of its intended purpose (internal and external directions). In this case, from the view of the internal direction, the subject of the evaluation is the enterprise-innovator, and from the view of the external direction - the investor, or the consumer. Therefore, the purpose of the article is developing a methodical approach to evaluating the innovative development of seaports, taking into account the performance indicators of this industry.

176-181

Authors: Kondratenko N. O., Volkova M. V.

The article defines features of the management of implementation of investment projects at enterprise. It is identified that reasonable and focused investment activity is important for any enterprise. Investing assets into various projects is intended to achieve certain goals, depending on the enterprise’s policy. It is defined that the structure of sources of financing for investment activities varies depending on the phase of the business cycle: the share of internal resources decreases during the period of revival and recovery (increased investment activity). Ways to raise capital for implementing investment projects are considered. It is indicated that management of investment projects has a number of certain rules and regulations. It is identified that evaluation of risks and possibilities of minimizing them play important roles in the management of implementation of investment projects at enterprise. A sequence of the main stages for the development of a system of monitoring the implementation of an investment project at enterprise is defined. It is concluded that in making managerial decisions as to the implementation and management of investment projects, it is necessary to use a comprehensive approach involving risks management and implementation of a system of monitoring the management of investment project as a component that ensures the quality of the management of enterprise.

188-193

Authors: Honcharuk S. M., Pryymak S. V.

The article deals with necessity of strengthening the role of internal audit as a function of enterprise management, which contributes to increasing the responsibility of enterprise officials related to paying taxes and payments to the budget. Ukraine is frequently faced with the problems related to completing of the revenue part of the State budget in terms of taxes. Internal audit is one of the factors that promptly helps to identify errors and fraudulent actions. The authors carried out the analysis and research of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of internal audit. Special attention is given to the analysis of revenues of the state budget of Ukraine for 2016–2018 and data of the State Fiscal Service related to the revealed abuses by taxpayers are analyzed. A large number of additional charges showed the necessity to look for additional actions in order to prevent abuse. It was proved that one of such instruments is internal audit. In case of increasing financial flows and number of operations, the need for its implementation will grow. The authors proposed to use the experience of The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, which developed a model of internal control. Our domestic business can evaluate its own management and control systems using this model.

201-209

Authors: Krivtsova Т. О.

The article is aimed at developing theoretical provisions and elaborating methodical approaches together with practical recommendations directed towards improving the audit of the enterprise’s liabilities. Analysis and research of scientific and practical literature, as well as the standards that regulate audit of financial reporting, allowed allocating the features of formation of the methodology of auditing the liabilities of enterprises. Some components of the methodical provision and the methodology of auditing the enterprise’s liabilities are reflected. The stages of audit are generalized; the audit procedures as the content components of the plan of audit of the enterprise’s liabilities are defined. Achievements as to the specifics of formation of the methodology for auditing the enterprise’s liabilities at the current stage of development of the audit activity in Ukraine, in particular, approaches to defining the order of auditing the long-term enterprise’s liabilities and the short-term enterprise’s liabilities, are systematized. Separately presented is the algorithm of methodology of audit of the current liabilities of enterprise. As a result of the analysis of scientific papers and legislation, both national and international, it is proposed to improve the comprehensive methodology of auditing the enterprise’s obligations, the content of which is to carry out the agreed audit procedures in accordance with verification of the following allegations on obligations: existence, rights and responsibilities, onset, complete reflection, evaluation and distribution, accuracy, classification and clearness. Practical implementation of the results of the research will optimize the work of auditors during the audit of the enterprise’s financial reports in general and liabilities in particular. In this regard, it makes sense to focus further elaborations on the studying the advanced practices of the developed world countries and the global tendencies in the audit of the enterprise’s liabilities.

218-226

Authors: Kaneva T. V., Shapoval M. S.

The methodological bases of formation and implementation of budget policy in the countries with developed and transformational economies are disclosed, taking into account their level of development, peculiarities of institutional composition, and cyclicality. It is defined that the stimulating effect of budget policy on the processes of socio-economic development in the form of accelerated growth of intellectual and physical capital can be found only in the case of a rational scientific substantiation of procedures and ways of implementation of budget policy. The theoretic-applied provisions on the budget regulation are systematized and generalized. The basic principles of formation of budget policy include: scientific validity, systematicity and consistency, institutional certainty, adaptability, transparency. The need to improve institutional provision for the system of public finance management is substantiated. The role of both the medium- and the forward-looking budget planning and forecasting in the sustainable economic growth is defined. The institutional limitations to the implementation of the relevant practices are substantiated. The conceptual bases of improving the budget policy in the context of improving the level of public well-being are determinated. The need for institutional transformation of the budget doctrine of the State is specified.

234-239

Authors: Volokhata V. Y.

At the current stage of economic development, the main element in the complex of marketing for banking institutions is communication policy, efficient use of which will enable a bank to a competitive position in the market, which in the result will assure a positive impact on the long-term development and revenues of the bank. The article is aimed at generalizing the theoretical discussions about the essence of the bank’s communication policy, improving the approaches of scholars to its definition and disclosing its role in the activities of a banking institution. The article proves the need to introduce communication policy in the activities of banking institutions and defines the role of such a policy in improving the competitiveness of bank. The scholars’ views on determining the essence of the concept of «bank’s communication policy» and elements in determining its essence are analyzed. According to the results of the research, the definition of the concept of «bank’s communication policy» is improved and its elements are complemented. Prospects for further directions of the research are seen in developments regarding factors influencing the bank’s communication policy and its instrumentarium, organization of planning and monitoring the results of communication policy. Methodical approaches to forming the strategy of the bank’s communication policy, etc. also require further clarification.

246-251

Authors: Kovalevskyi V. O., Yushkevych O. O.

The article systematizes the views of scholars as to the essence and content of the concept of «client-focusedness» and proposes the conceptual apparatus of client-focusedness of organization as a socio-economic category, necessary for theoretical cognition of phenomena and processes of forming a client-focused management system of enterprise. The content of the concepts of «client» and «consumer» is demarcated in order to choose the right objects for the marketing actions of the enterprise. The client-focusedness of organization is researched depending on the level of development. An evolutionary approach to management of enterprise is applied in terms of transforming the classical marketing into the strategic client-focused management in the following directions: redistribution of responsibility according to results of sales among all structural elements of organization; creating a quality that is visible to client, including, in addition to the marketing instruments, competences of all departments of the enterprise; building the marketing of relationships with the key counterparties. The main reasons for the restrictions on the use of client-focused approach by enterprises are defined. The authors’ own definition of «client-focusedness of organization as a socio-economic category» is proposed, which is based on a systematic approach to meeting and forming the needs of clients at all levels of the enterprise’s management. Prospect for further research in this direction is the formation of a client-focused system of management of enterprise.

258-265

Authors: Illiashenko S. M.

The article elaborates a conceptual scheme of the organizational and economic mechanism for the knowledge management of enterprise in the context of ensuring its economic security. The role of knowledge in ensuring the proper level of each component of the economic security of enterprise is theoretically substantiated. The sources and instruments of acquiring of knowledge that characterize the status of the economic security of enterprise, as well as the directions of using knowledge to ensure a sufficient level of each component are defined. A larger block scheme of the algorithm of knowledge management in the process of ensuring the proper level of individual components of economic security is developed. The composition of the enterprise’s divisions, which are responsible for the status of certain components of its economic security, is clarified. The functions of these divisions in the knowledge management as a way of ensuring economic security are defined and systematized. The obtained results deepen the theoretic-methodological foundations of knowledge management of enterprise as well as management of the economic security of enterprise.

270-275

Authors: Shchetinina L. V., Rudakova S. G., Fedortsova M. S.

The article is aimed at identifying the current trends in the field of impression management based on sociological research and developing recommendations to managers, employees of services for personnel management. In the course of a sociological survey is identified that 91% of respondents usually try to make a positive impression of themselves. The main reasons for impression managing are the desire: to have good relations with colleagues at work - 71%, to have useful connections - 44%, to get a benefit for one’s self - 33%; to look perfect in the eyes of others - 29% of respondents. It is important that 48% of respondents said that they did manage their impressions to achieve their own goals, and another 13% did not, but would like to know about the strategy of managing impressions. The negative consequences of managing impressions, according to respondents, are the loss of trust in the person, the emergence of a strong desire to stop communicating with the person, as well as the ability to make erroneous managerial decisions. The relevance of learning impression management techniques increases as their use is being spread. Therefore, the elaborated ways to identify them will be needed by specialists to neutralize the negative impact, make the right managerial decisions, form an objective impression of a person.

280-285

Authors: Liubchik K. L.

The processes of formation of the world media market date back to the second half of the 20th century and are primarily related to the development in the countries - leaders of the post-industrial model of economic development. In recent decades, the fundamental trends in the development of the media industry have crystallized, such as: formation and build-up of competitive influence on the global media sphere of transnational business structures; dynamic internationalization of media business; synchronization of cycles of the national media markets; scaling up the media exports and international cooperation in the information and communication sphere. At the same time, activities of media sellers, as the external advertising structures, are aimed both at the direct sale of advertising of media and its selling together with the own advertising media departments. At this, functioning of intermediary structures in the person of media sellers, like distributors, also has a significant impact on the key parameters of the global media market and its equilibrium status. Altogether, the main proportions of the global media market, its subject-object and territorial-geographical structures are formed, and their system is characterized by rigid hierarchy, reflecting the degree of creativity of media products.