Bylye Gody

4-9

Authors: Aleksandr Cherkasov, Michal Šmigeľ

The article, basing on the interviewing of 50 veterans of Great Patriotic War, considers complicated social phenomenon – collaboration. Soviet citizens, fighting arms in hand on the German side in front-line, front and occupied territory of the Soviet Union were considered collaborators. The article presents veterans’ insights into the nature of Soviet collaboration and describes actual examples of collaboration, witnessed by the interviewed veterans. Special attention is attached to Soviet soldiers’ antagonism towards compatriots, fighting on the side of the enemy. Some mechanisms, used by the Third Reich to recruit collaborators are presented.

18-24

Authors: Nikolai A. Slobodyanyuk

This article, basing on the already known and first published archival sources, investigates Jews involvement in anti-fascist struggle of the Soviet underground in Kiev. Special attention is attached to the conditions and methods of struggle against invaders, fate of individual members of the underground.

32-37

Authors: Sergey F. Fominikh, Alexander Sorokin

The article examines public forms of science organization and scientific research development during the Great Patriotic War on the example of Tomsk Scientists' Committee. Such public organizations were in charge of mobilizing scientists' efforts, aimed at helping the war front, as well as at the coordination of the work of scientific and educational institutions in cooperation with the Communist Party organizations and industrial enterprises of Siberia. Professors of Tomsk universities and institutions of higher education were the key members of Tomsk Scientists' Committee. Establishment of the first university in Tomsk, as well as in the Asian part of Russia in 1870 laid the foundation for scientific and educational sector development.

42-46

Authors: Vasiliy P. Zinov'ev

The article, using Ministry of Internal Affairs’ archive data highlights the little-known page in the Great Patriotic War history – People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs’ participation in ammunition manufacture on the example of Mine Plant in Chekist Poselok (Settlement), located to the north of Tomsk and established on the grounds of the former Juvenile Prison No.1. Plant resource base has become the core of construction of atomic manufacture and the city of Seversk.

53-61

Authors: Evgeny F. Krinko

The article deals with the faith and superstitions of the Soviet citizens in the frontline and in the rear during the Great Patriotic War. The study of the religion history in the USSR in 1941-1945 was significantly influenced by ideology. This theme has been thoroughly studied in recent years, but the attention is mainly attached to its institutional aspects and the role of religion in lives of Soviet citizens is still little-studied. Nevertheless, by the start of war, considerable part of the population maintained its religious beliefs, despite the anti-religious policy of the Soviet authorities. The war increased the faith of Soviet citizens in the frontline, in the rear and within the occupied territory. It was mainly caused by the extreme wartime situation. Different superstitions and omens gained a wide circulation. Despite the fact that they had different content, both rites and prayers, acknowledged by the church and the omens and superstitions, rejected by the church have become the necessary ways of people psychological adaptation to wartime severities and hardships. The conclusions, which were made with the help of different sources, such as official documents, statistical data, both published and collected in the course of work under the theme of participants and eyewitnesses’ recollections, help us to imagine the collective consciousness of the Soviet society during the Great Patriotic War.

69-74

Authors: Alexandra Tcherkasski, Leonid Terushkin

The article, case studying the memorials erection, shows the process of Jews, victims of Nazism memory perpetuation by the Jewish Community within the Soviet Republics in postwar, what difficulties the Jewish Communities and groups of initiators faced, trying to prove the Jewish identity of the graves and gain adoption of Jewish symbols on memorials and memorial signs to fascism victims.

96-100

Authors: Ivan V. Petrov

The problem of Lithuanian-Belorussian Orthodox Autocephaly in so-called “Vilnius Region’’ during 1939-1940 is the subject of this article. We highlighted the principal stages of this process and the main dramatis personae, who took part in the struggle for autocephaly of Lithuanian Orthodox parishes and against it. The camp of supporters of Lithuanian-Belorussian autocephaly consisted of former Pro-Polish Orthodox priests, such us Archbishop Theodosius (Theodosiev), Archimandrite Philip (Morozov) and others; Belorussian intellectuals from Vilna and Belorussian nationalists. At the same time the camp of supporters of Pro-Moscow position consisted of Metropolitan Elevfery (Bogoyavlenskiy), who was at he head of the Lithuanian Orthodox Eparchy, Russian emigrant clerics, anti-polish Orthodox priests and some part of Pro-Soviet Lithuanian Orthodox believers. This struggle continued about a year and ended in victory of Pro-Moscow camp and dismissal for the supporters of Belarusian-Lithuanian autocephaly. Besides the article paid special attention that national aspect of activity of this religious organizations and a history of internal conflicts in this Eparchy during World War II so far has not gained a special consideration

107-108

Authors: Dmitrii A. Malyutin, Aleksandr G. Gryaznukhin, Larisa F. Malyutina

The paper presents the review of the collection of documents, including the data on social and economic situation in Krasnoyarsk Region during the Great Patriotic War, the activity of party and Soviet authorities, deeds by Krasnoyarsk natives in the frontline and labor achievements in the rear. The collection contains the documents, describing the daily life in wartime, the public mood, the living conditions, social security, the status of disabled veterans. The presented data, concerning patriotic activity of the orthodox church, camps of People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs, facts of desertion, speculation, criminality in the region prove weight and objective approach of the composite author to the documents selection.