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276-289

Authors: Saily Leo-González, Álvaro Celestino Alonso-Vázquez, Carlos Alonso-Echevarría

The concern for the environment has been present in humanity for generations. The effort to perceive and understand environmental problems becomes increasingly complex because it encompasses a greater degree of economic, ethical, political and social impact, depending on its solution, on human existence itself. The objective of this work is to expose the positive impacts that have made possible the mitigation of environmental problems in the "Semilla" community, based on the application of environmental education actions supported by the Green Map Methodology. Theoretical, empirical methods and tools were used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the information. The protagonism of the social actors in the management of the environmental education process supported by the Green Map methodology; It becomes an effective tool to promote environmental education actions, imposing new challenges in the formation of socially friendly citizens with the environment. The activities developed allowed raising the level of knowledge and commitment in the integration of the work of the community. The actions of environmental education constituted a powerful instrument, from the direction of promotion, training and participation, in a creative way, acting in a committed, conscious and critical way, to achieve the transformation of their environment according to their needs and aspirations through the protagonist participation of people. This practice favored a construction-reconstruction of power that benefits the organization and functioning of the communities in a fair and equal way from the daily practice in their know-how and know how to behave in society.

305-318

Authors: William Patricio Proaño-Ponce, Isabel Cristina Sánchez-Pazmiño

Ecuador lives decisive times in its history, educational institutions must face different challenges such as the management of the discipline. In this sense, academic performance is one of the main challenges for teachers, where the presence of adolescents with behaviors that are not in keeping with the demands of an educational institution and that hinder the normal development of the teaching-learning process is becoming more frequent. The purpose is to determine the influence of the factors of student behavior on academic performance; we worked from data obtained in a school in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Information needs were determined through primary and secondary information sources, based on scientific research methods and techniques that helped to diagnose precisions and limitations related to the student admission process, as well as to identify problems of family coexistence and quantify the periodicity in which parents are involved with the educational unit. The results found allowed to detect factors that affect the academic performance in the students of the higher basic level. In this sense, the benefit is to have qualified information to plan strategies such as a joint list of duties and rights, actions aimed at reducing behavior linked to low academic performance.

330-343

Authors: María del Carmen Ferrer Sánchez

His present work addressed the problem that exists with the occupation of the free time of the young inmates that fulfill sanctions depriving of freedom, although it is certain that based on the most advanced programs of community intervention in a penal community, taking into account that this is a primary link in any participatory process. Therefore, the quality and the creation of a lifestyle in the penal population presuppose a dialectical relationship between the proper use of free time, the mental and physical health of each person. In recent times it has been addressed frequently in Cuba, given the particularities of these, age, functional needs and spiritual needs. It is a challenge to contribute to the full enjoyment of the occupation of free time of inmates aged 17-27 years deprived of their liberty. In order to find a solution to this problem, instruments were applied that allowed us to issue a diagnosis in the research, designing a system of workshops to be fulfilled by the community agents and factors, corroborating the effectiveness of the same that allowed the occupation of free time and provide community agents with an instrument for action based on the objectives set.

356-366

Authors: Alfredo Rubén Bernal Marcelo, Daniel Alberto, Álvarez Lazo, Benito Filemón, Buendía Quispe

He research was conducted in the district and province of Oxapampa, Pasco Region, in order to evaluate new alternatives inputs feeding gorrinos growing in different production systems in the Valley of Oxapampa - Pasco, using as a basis the sweet potato forage. The research was experimental, completely randomized design. The experimental unit were gorrinos male 2 months of age, race crosses (Landrace x Pietrain), which were distributed 3 animals per treatment. The foods were weighed daily prior to delivery and weights were weekly, which allowed us to determine the study variables. The data were processed with the system analysis statistic. The use in the daily ration (in confinement and / or grazing), of the sweet potato association (root and forage) + balanced feed, constitute an alternative in the feeding of pigs in the stage of fattening and finishing by the positive effect in the increase in weight and feed conversion, replacing 70 % of the diet. The use of sweet potato in Peru can replace corn as a protein supplement, with favorable results. It was taken into consideration that the supply of sweet potato silage (root + forage), has limitations of use, because it has little palatability for the animal; however, the use of alternative local food resources such as sweet potato is recommended, under balanced conditions in the food mix, in the growth or end stage, due to its great contribution of protein and energy source in the pig.

381-391

Authors: María Teresa Martínez Echevarría

The article shows the research carried out on the utilitarian values of the Cordia collococca species. The information was obtained through a list of all the possible uses provided by the interviewees, the value of the ancestral information made it possible to know the total use value of each part of the species. The participatory study was carried out in six of the 18 popular councils of the Pinar del Río municipality. Evaluate the species (Cordia collococca) Ateje under agroecological principles, from the sociocultural study made it possible to know its multifunctionality and the opportunity to extend the information to the local agroecosystems. The reliability of the sample according to the split halves method showed a strong correlation. The value of the Guttman Coefficient for shared halves is high (0.711). There were more than 20 utilitarian values that place the species with high contributions to the three dimensions of sustainability. It distinguishes its landscaping, ease of propagation, the nutritional contributions of its fruits, protective of the wild fauna, carrier of high contents in organic matter, it is a deciduous species and its leaves are rich in macroelements.

151-165

Authors: Karelia Zaida García Silva

The attention to the citizenship has an important place in the work that the Cuban state develop in order to guarantee the man´s freedom and full dignity, to enjoy his rights, the exercise of carrying out his duties and the integral development of his personality. The attention to the citizenship works to guarantee the main impartiality, opportunity and justice in the investigations of people´s opinions about the institution and its members, offering a sensitive, transparent and fair attention. The importance which has the process of direction of the investigators from Pinar del Río Inner Ministry Attention of Citizenship Organism proved that it is needed a process to favor the application of social policies based on the identification of problems, the determination of the causes which origin them, and the generation and promotion of solutions of the cases of the community Hermanos Cruz and Capitan San Luis Neighborhoods. It was developed a system of actions which let it improve the investigative, educative and social work in the community, taking into account the specific work which the Inner Ministry Attention of the Citizenship achieves. Different methods and techniques were applied taking into account the general, materialist dialectic method. They are: theoretic and empirical methods and statistical techniques. The positive valuation obtained by the group of experts and the partial introduction in the practice for its verification, approve the validity of the system of actions for the communitarian environment.

179-192

Authors: Cheick Conté and José Antonio García-Gutiérrez

The atmospheric contamination caused by the emission of dust and gases represents the main environmental impact related to the plants that benefit aggregates for construction. During operation, there are several operations that lead to the greatest generation of dust, such as crushers (primary and secondary), screens for the classification of materials, transfer of material from or to conveyor belts (continuous transfer) and transfer of material from or to hoppers and trucks (discrete transfer). The objective of this paper was to show a procedure to quantitatively estimate the amounts of dust that are generated, taking as a basis for calculation then emission factors contained in document AP-42 of the US Environmental Protection Agency. As a result of the calculation, it was obtained that the total amount of sedimentable dust emitted per ton of material processed is about 51 g, of which 19 g correspond to the fraction with diameter less than 10 m. If it is taken into account that the volume of raw material processed in a day is equal to about 700 t, the total amount of dust produced would be equal to 35,7 kg, which would pass almost entirely to the outside, as this plant does not have devices and systems to protect against dust.

208-219

Authors: Sailí Rodríguez Fuentes, Taymi Breijo Worosz, Carlos Alberto Gato Armas

The process of professionalization of teachers is currently an issue of great national and international importance, which is debated and studied by researchers from various edges. This article aims to implement a strategy to develop the process of professionalization, in favor of performance modes competent, qualified teachers in Technical and Vocational Education, determining components and contradictions used as general method materialistic dialectic, allowing the study of the object as a process systematization of theoretical considerations on these concepts are discussed in the contemporary scientific community, from the document review, are elements in the construction of contextualized definitions of both terms is sustained, and can contribute to the design of new takes professionalization actions, in line with current educational and social requirements.

228-237

Authors: Lorenzo García Pérez, Andrés Loreto Díaz Pita, Nilo Cecilia Simón

The present work developed in the Company of Attention to Teams located in the km 31/2 highway to Viñales, in the municipality Pinegrove of the River, county Pinar del Río of the River, Cuba; had as main objective to implement a guide I diagnose for the environmental administration; where they were analyzed the reduction of the negative environmental impacts, fundamentally those associated to the energy consumption, natural resources and generation of pollutants. The methodology used for the case study object, was through the empiric methods, everything it starting from the participant observation and the surveys; leaving for it of the methodology emitted by the (CITMA, 2011). as a result of the same one the existence of possibilities was demonstrated of reducing the residual pollutants and the decrease of the noise, with it is achieved it to increase the efficiency in the adoption of technician-organizational measures of character; also, the important paper was identified that plays in those purposes the direct participation of the operatives and intermediate bosses that work in the key positions. The carried out evaluation evidenced that the control and the administration of the Division, they derived in a strategy with premeditation directed to minimize the environmental impacts that are generated on the other hand. The investigation throws that all the impacts generated by the different areas of key results give a negative character; all are moderate except for the contamination of waters and floors for accidental shedding.

248-263

Authors: Marlon Altamirano Di Luca

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of information security management and the risks associated with its use, in computer networks, at the Santa Elena Peninsula State University, the implementation of a model that establishes the goals to be achieved to advance was proposed, through the different levels that make up the rating scale. The model is formalized with the main standards, recommendations and existing regulations, both at an international and national level, on information security management and offers a comprehensive vision of information security controls, considering all the automated controls and not automatable and defines the actions to be carried out in each of the cases. The model does not constitute a new proposal of controls and management processes, but rather provides an automation, integration and synthesis approach to existing proposals, to reduce the complexity of management and increase the effectiveness of information security controls in computer networks.

22-31

Authors: Rogelio Morejón Rivera, Sandra Haideé Díaz Solís

With the objective to carry out an association analysis of traits in rice genotypes and to provide to people in charge of management and conservation of resources phytogenetics collections the necessary tools for it, it was developed a study where the genotypes was distributed according to a Modified Augmented Design. Eight morphoagronomics characters were evaluated during the full season crop and were determined the association and discrimination degree of these variables by statistical multivariate techniques. The biggest variance proportion found in the variable panicles number/m2, grain yield, 50% heading and full grains for panicle, therefore, it was the most discriminatory in the germplasm. The results allow to obtain useful information for the plant breeding programs in rice crop.

45-58

Authors: Guelmis Lazo Álvarez, Yusmila Adalina Hernández Fernández

The investigation addressed the issue of the positioning of the Telecommunications Agent for the commercialization of the products and services of the Telecommunications Company of Cuba SA, its implementation in the company had the purpose of extending some of the products and services to distant places where there was no presence of the same and increase the income in this sense. To this end, different methods and techniques of scientific research were used, such as participant observation, interview and survey, which pay tribute to the achievement of the proposed tasks. As a main result, the positioning strategy of the Telecommunications Agent for the commercialization of products and services of the company in the municipality of Pinar del Río was elaborated, basing this strategic proposal as a practical result of a whole instrumental and qualitative process, oriented to the change of popular advice.

79-88

Authors: Yusleiby Girbert Llanes, Rafael Martínez-Silva, Alexis Ordaz Hernández

The result of this work is to predict expansive clay areas and also spatial distribution, in Pinar del Rio city. Data base support of this investigation was elaborated using the information from the library technical of the Unit of Investigation for Construction in Pinar del Rio, related to National Enterprise for Applied Investigations. Topographical map scale 1:2 000, Engineer Geologic Scheme scale 1:10 000, from Pinar del Rio city, were used for locating the drilling hole in this city. After that, were selected previous investigations with clay presence until depth of 5 m, which have physical-mechanical properties of their soils samples. As main results a map is obtained with the location of sectors with presence of susceptible clays to the expansive. An empiric equation is also obtained for the estimate of clay swelling, that allows a best information for the designs of shellow foundation and other task of this types.

103-116

Authors: Deyanira Mata Anchundia

The way in which fine aroma cocoa is currently marketed does not guarantee a fair commercialization for small producers in the province of Los Rios, Ecuador, hence this research aims to establish the components of a methodology for the marketing of fine cocoa of aroma with a Fair Trade approach and its theoretical validation. For the development of this research, the following methodology was followed: Several bibliographic sources were reviewed that addressed different approaches in relation to methodology and fair trade, defining the different stages for the structuring of the methodology, using, in addition, the Delphi method with consult experts for their theoretical validation. As a result, a methodology was obtained that will allow the commercialization of fine aroma cacao with a fair trade approach for the province of Los Rios, Ecuador.

129-138

Authors: Edel Jesús Amaro Aroche, Enrique Márquez Reina, Juan Manuel Llanes

Soil management changes bring about variations in their physical, chemical and biological characteristics. It is important to have soil quality indicators that allow early recognition if the changes introduced lead to the expected results, otherwise there is a risk of worsening the existing situation. This study reflected the diagnosis of the evolution of a degraded soil, whose management varied when implemented in it, principles of Conservation Agriculture. The diagnosis was made through the study of Basal Breath and Apparent Density of the soil. The values of both indicators were compared in the same type of soil. Another comparison was made in three areas of this soil in which the management was: implementation of the principles of conservation agriculture, traditional management in tobacco areas and soil without anthropic disturbance. The values of basal respiration and bulk density were significantly higher in the area in which conservation agriculture began compared to the traditional soil management area, showing the effectiveness of the actions implemented and the indicators evaluated. The values in the incipient area of conservation agriculture were significantly lower than those obtained in the area of soil without anthropic disturbance, which indicates that by sustaining the actions implemented over time, the soil can potentially continue to recover its fertility.