Journal of Higher Education and Science

142-146

Authors: Muharrem KILIÇ

Turkish higher education, a 30-year political era and an outstanding heritage with historical background, which is regulated by Law No. 2547. Th e law, which will replace the political conditions that accompany the law-making process can be converted to an opportunity. It can be obtained only by draft ing a new higher education law, which based on a constructive wisdom. Text/draft , from its theoretical fiction to its linguistic structure must be designed with an architecture so unique and perfect. Original amendment has been necessitated to construct a new system of paradigmatic framework. Unable to provide a systematic transformation of the draft , the change in the law as a whole will not be necessary.

166-175

Authors: Ali Rıza ERDEM

Research refers to the application of scientific analysis method in a systematic and careful way. In this respect, research education aims the acquisition of ‘technical proficiency in research’ along with ‘scientific att itudes and treatments’. As a result, research invariably underlines the knowledge and skill for the introduction of technical proficiency and scientific analysis method in a biçimsel, systematic and elaborate way. As for scientific att itudes and treatments, they are regarded as instinctive thoughts and approaches which ease problem solving, scientific productivity, as well as converting research technical proficiency into practise. In that way, the teaching staff who will undertake the responsibility for training of scientists are supposed to perform eff ectively research education in three major realms: (1) Education, and Training (2) Post- Graduate Th esis Guidance (3) Being a Scientific Jury Member/Journal Refree.

186-192

Authors: Zuhal KUNDURACILAR, Eda AKBAŞ, Çağatay BÜYÜKUYSAL, Demet BİÇKİ, Emin Ulaş ERDEM

Students, who prefer physiotherapy program, should have knowledge about the qualifications of physical therapy education. It provides a means of describing to nature and characteristics of physical therapy professional entry level educational programs. Th is study is performed with Karabük University Health High School Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation first Class Students (age=19.78±1.26, n=41, F/M 19/22). We developed a questionnaire related to World Confederation for Physical Th erapy (WCPT) guideline for physical therapist professional entry level education. Th is questionnaire is composed of three sections, in which physiotherapy job awareness of the students is asked. Th e questionnaire results showed that, these three sections levels were above three, according to LIKERT Scale rating. First and third levels of ‘awareness for suff iciencies in physiotherapy’ and ‘job awareness’ of the students’ which prefer this physiotherapy due to their interest, were higher than the results of the students who prefer this program due to the other factors (p=0.049, and p=0.002, respectively) when the results of questionnaire were compared. Th is study will help to ascertain the aims and requirements of physiotherapy students and by this way to be a guide for education of more productive job professionals.

201-204

Authors: Zuhal GERÇEK

Increasing the types of terrorism and crime nowadays, the importance of the forensic sciences can be bett er understood. Forensic science is the application of the wide spectrum of science to answer the question of legal system. It contains the application of the principles, techniques and methods of basic sciences and its main aim is the determination of the physical facts which are important in legal situations. Forensic chemistry is the branch of chemistry which performs the chemical analysis of evidences that used in the courts. Forensic chemist is the professional chemist who analyzes the evidences from crime scene and reaches a result by application of tests. Th us, they have to have a special education. In forensic laboratories candidates who have chemistry/biochemistry undergraduate degree and took biology and forensic chemistry lectures are preferred. It is necessary to design graduate and undergraduate education to train a forensic chemist. Science education should be at the core of the undergraduate education. In addition to this strong laboratory education on both science and forensic science should be given. Th e graduate program of forensic science example should contain forensic science subjects, strong academic lectures on special subjects and research and laboratory components.

92-99

Authors: Süreyya SAKINÇ , Sibel AYBARS BURSALIOĞLU

Universities are affected by the social and economic diversity stemmed from globalization and internationalization, and its functions, area of responsibility, organizational structure, funding capability respond this diversity. In today’s knowledge society, different new concepts regarding the university education system such as Entrepreneur University, Corporation University, virtual university etc. have been emerged with wave of globalization effect. The rising competition in academic education and the mass demands for education prompt to universities to get seeking new funds for fixing their financial situation, and hit them transforming into entrepreneurial identity. The reflections of neoliberal approach in education have transformed the universities into the corporations which are much more focused on entrepreneurial, student-oriented and aimed to appropriate education and producing creative human resources for global development. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation will be carried on regarding the entrepreneur university model through the litterateur research to investigate its causes and factors that impact and improve it. The aim of the paper is to generate a framework that identifies dynamic processes of entrepreneur university model, dependently the litterateur syntheses. The contribution of the paper will depend on its consequent argument that entrepreneur university model is viable for Turkey. In this paper, the entrepreneur university model will be analyzed by Triple Helix phenomenon with the comparative approach.

106-113

Authors: Hasan Said TORTOP

A number of programs are implemented in order to meet cognitive, social and emotional needs of gifted students. One of them is the radical acceleration that ensures gifted students gaining access to university three or more years before than their peers. First performed in 1971, radical acceleration is currently implemented in many universities in United State and Asian and European countries. There are many researches on radical acceleration showing that it has no negative impacts on gifted students, rather it provides important outcomes. This study investigated radical acceleration and its outcomes on gifted students, as well as suggestions regarding to its application. Finally, situation of many countries in terms of radical acceleration, and legal regulations in Turkey’s were presented.

119-125

Authors: Ayşegül YILDIRIM KAPTANOĞLU, Gülden POLAT, Makbule SOYER

It was aimed in this study to quantify smoking habits and nicotine dependency of future health care professionals such as doctors, dentists, pharmacists, nurses, and midwives, as well as academic members of associated faculties and to calculate the economic steady cost of smoking. Students in the faculties of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy, and Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing and Midwifery and faculty members in Marmara University were included in the study. As a means of data collection, Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND), and questionnaire including questions about socio-demographic data and cost of smoking were performed. Prevalence of smoking was found 36,89% for faculty members and 22,02% for students; there was significant difference between these two groups (t=11,08; p<0,05). The mean FTND score of the students and faculty members was 4,1±1,9, and 6,6±2,3, respectively. There was also statistically significant difference between the mean FTND scores of two groups (t=8,37; p<0,05). According to calculations, students and faculty members spends 1/4 and 1/5 -of their income to smoking, respectively. Only steady costs were calculated in this study; indirect costs of smoking were not included. Teaching staff of health care education like a medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing and midwifery in university need to quit smoking themselves in order to encourage smoking cessation. This study is unique for investigation smoking status students and trainers at the university level. This is also only survey that measures the cost of nicotine dependency and smoking. Academic staffs in field of health sciences should, as a role model, first quit smoking themselves to promote smoking cessation activities.

132-135

Authors: Latife UTAŞ AKHAN

The human being has to socialize once he is born as an individual and is under the influence of the environment, and the ethical, esthetic and moral values since his childhood. The thoughts, wants and wishes of the individual that conflict with the environmental order and values are repressed outside the consciousness. The repressed feelings and thoughts are converted into symbols in the form of visual images outside the consciousness. Unformed symbols provide the purest hint regarding the internal conflicts causing mental disorders. There is regression in verbal expression in some psychiatric disorders and especially in psychosis. Symptoms specific for the abstract thoughts and verbal language pathology appear. Visual language as graphic language may become the single way of communication in such instances. This constitutes the rationale and main principle of “Diagnosis and Treatment by Art’’ in the psychiatric field. The three-function method of spontaneous psychopathological art enables the use of art in individuals with a psychiatric disorder. This is the projection of the complexes and conflicts that are subconscious or outside consciousness with spontaneous images as graphic and plastic expressions and enables making a diagnosis. The second function of psychopathological art is to monitor the disease progress. A series of artistic work enable the step by step monitoring of the disorder’s progress. Pathological changes can be reflected in the works of art even before the clinical symptoms of the disorder appear. The third function is enabling treatment. The individual who has severed connections with the environment is in a chaotic word. During the time the psychopathological art method is used, the patients start to see the artistic work as a mirror where they find and watch themselves and their behaviors. When the artistic endeavor of patients with a mental disorder does not take place under suitable control, it becomes a tool that helps the patient escape from the environment instead of making him better. The art therapist therefore has to be very careful within the therapeutic approach and keep a delicate balance between intervention and staying quiet.

10-13

Authors: Mahmut ÖZER

There are over three million international students worldwide, and in recent years higher education institutions compete with each other in order to receive these students to their institutions. International students are now one of the most important indicator of the internationalization of the higher education systems and institutions. In this context, the detection of the status of this indicator in our higher education system and institutions is of great importance as our higher education system shows a large expansion. This study, discusses the status of international students in our country.

20-24

Authors: Zekai ŞEN

Scientific consequences are dependent on premises that are logical proportions of the phenomena concerned. These proportions are verbal and linguistic statements, and therefore, at the initial philosophical thinking they all include vagueness and imprecision. As more and more scientific evidence becomes available either rationally or empirically the validity degree these statements increases, or vagueness proportion decreases. In the philosophy of science so far scientific statements are either assumed as absolutely correct but more often they are accepted with some probability. However, objective probability attachment to scientific statements is a difficult task, and therefore, subjective (Bayesian) proportions are attached to these statements in practice. After a detailed account of what were the advocators and opponents to scientific absolute correctness and probability, a fuzzy thinking and consequently membership degree attachments rather than probability are presented by considering fuzzy subsets in this paper.

33-42

Authors: Osman Ferda BEYTEKİN, Şüheyda DOYURAN GÖKTÜRK

In this study, higher education administrators, administrative behaviors; as educator, leader and manager, emotional competency; as self awareness and self management and social competency; as social awareness and social skills were compared according to two different cultures. The data was collected by inventories from 165 educators, and head of the departments Istanbul, and Helsinki Universities in 2008-2009 educational year. Elkins’ administrative behaviors of higher education administrators inventory and Goleman’s emotional and social competence inventory were conducted to test the differences. The manager behaviors of Istanbul University administrators are significantly higher than University of Helsinki administrators. The emotional competences of University of Helsinki administrators are significantly higher than the administrators of Istanbul University in the dimensions of self-awareness, self management, emotional selfcontrol, achievement orientation and positive outlook. The social competencies of University of Helsinki administrators are significantly higher than the administrators of Istanbul University in the dimensions of social awareness, empathy, and conflict management. On the other hand, the social competencies of Istanbul University administrators are significantly higher than the administrators of University of Helsinki in the dimensions of organizational awareness, coach and mentor, influence and teamwork. There is a significant positive relationship between the leadership behaviors and emotional and social competencies administrators in both Istanbul University and University of Helsinki. Significant differences are found between faculties and administrators about the administrative behaviors and emotional and social competences of administrators both at İstanbul University and University of Helsinki.

50-53

Authors: Zuhal GERÇEK

Green chemistry which is the new application of chemistry rules provides solutions to problems that mankind is faced with climate changes, sustainable agriculture, energy, toxics, depletion of natural sources e.g. designing new chemicals and processes that production and utilization of hazardous matters. So, it is the indispensible tool for sustainable development. Current and future chemists should consider the human health and ecological issues in their professional life. In order to provide a solution for this requirement, green chemistry rules and under standings should be primarily taken in the university curriculum and at all educational levels.

63-68

Authors: Hakan KALYON

Universities are the centers where science and knowledge can be produced and shared freely. In these centers, it is probable that disabled people can be in the audience and benefit from these training and education activities. Therefore, removing inequalities defined as “inequitable differences of individuals not caused by personal characteristics” and solving problems in accessing information and education is an indispensible target for our country. The highest step among the needs of the human beings is self-perform. Especially, in the social order of 21st century, the disabled people who aim to meet the expectations of life should be supported allover. Turkey has a young and dynamic population; there is a significant increase in the number of the disabled students who reach and graduate from higher education in 2000s. In 2000, 97 disabled students graduated from universities and this number reached 410 in 2008 and 1090 in 2009. Number of disabled students in the Universities of Turkey reached 3584 in 2011. One of the most important examples in the process of legislative changes about the education of disabled people is the “Institutions of Higher Education Disabled People Consultation and Coordination Regulation.” The purpose of the regulation is to take steps in order to ease the education lives of the disabled people in higher education. In the context of applicable law, the unit of disabled students is restructured at Bülent Ecevit University.