Izvestiya Vuzov. Prikladnaya Khimiya i Biotekhnologiya

6-11

Authors: Aliev И.А. , Sinegovskaya L.M. , Trofimov B.A.

The purpose of this research was to develop a selective rapid method for verifying the presence of palladium. For the first time, 2-(4-ethilthiophenyl) pyrrole has been used as a reagent for palladium determination. The reagent was obtained by the Trofimov reaction from 4-ethylthiophenylketoxime and acetylene at atmospheric pressure (Potassium Hydroxide/Dimethyl Sulfoxide, 96 °С, 5 h). It is established that Pd (II) and 2-(4-ethilthiophenyl) pyrrole form a complex compound of yellow colour in hydrochloric solutions (6 M of HCl, with a pH of up to 5). This compound absorbs in the visible region, λ = 415 nm. The properties of the palladium pyrrole complex were studied by an extraction-photometric method. The limits of Pd (II) concentrations (0,5-5,0 μg/ml), obeying the basic law of photometry, were revealed. The developed method for verifying the presence of Pd has been tested on complex solutions and the samples of industrial catalyst RC-404. It is shown that the new reagent provides a high selectivity of Pd (II) determination in the presence of Ag (I), Mn (II), Zn (II), Pb (II) and Ni (II), Al (III), Fe (III), Bi (III), Th (IV), Pt (IV), (VI), W (VI) and (VI), with the accuracy of analysis being ± 4%. In comparison with other analytical reagents, 2-(4-ethylthiophenyl) pyrrole is characterized by a high accuracy and good reproducibility of results, as well as by the selectivity and promptness of the analysis (4-5 min).

17-24

Authors: Dragunskii A.V.

Research into the kinetics of processes associated with the regeneration of spent chromium-containing solutions primarily aims to determine such basic parameters, as the order and rate constants of the reactions involved, their activation energies and transference numbers. All these parameters determine the efficiency of the regeneration process and its power consumption values. In addition, knowledge of these dependencies is essential for the selection of optimal operating modes of a device for regenerating spent chromium-containing solutions, as well as for the development of mathematical models and engineering calculation methods describing such processes. On the basis of experimental data, a functional relationship between changes in the values of electric current intensity and transference numbers has been established. The optical density of samples was measured using a photoelectric concentration colorimeter KFK-2-UHL 4.2. The voltage and current intensity values were controlled and regulated using a power supply unit Mastech HY3005-2. It is shown that an increase in the intensity of electric current leads to a decrease in the mobility of chromium ions. This occurs because the gas is absorbed by the solution, which prevents the passage of electric cur-rent. In addition, an increase in the current intensity results in the deposition of chromium on the electrode. Optimal dependencies between the key kinetic characteristics and parameters of the re-generation process are provided. Diagrams are presented for calculating optimal parameters of the process and corresponding power consumption values, which can be helpful in carrying out the re-generation of spent chromium-containing solutions with a high efficiency.

9-18

Authors: A.A. Chumakov, O.A. Kotelnikov, Yu.G. Slizhov

Fenton reaction systems are applied in organic synthesis for the selective oxidative functionalisation of hydrocarbons, organonitrogen and organosulfur compounds. For the Fe3+/ H2O2 complex, a mechanism is proposed for the oxidative activation of hydrogen peroxide, which involves the transfer of a proton resulting in the formation of oxywater Fe3 + -O-+OH2, which dissociates heterolytically, liberating water and generating a complex of iron (III) -1D-oxene [Fe3+O0(1D)]3+, where the oxygen atom is in the singlet quantum state (2p [↑ ↓ ] [↑ ↓] [_]). This intermediate is intended to be a selective oxidant of organic compounds. The aim of the work is to study the selectivity of oxidation of pyridoxine with hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution in the presence of iron (III) ions, bound to complexes by organic molecules. The structure of the oxidation product was studied using proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. Based on the results of NMR spectroscopy, the primary conversion pathway in the system is based on oxidation of the primary alcohol group at the 4carbon atom of the pyridine nucleus to the carboxyl group, which acylates the hydroxyl group at the 3-carbon atom of the neighbouring molecule to form an intermolecular ester bond. As a result, a cyclic oligomer is formed, comprising two or three monomeric units.

35-41

Authors: Yu.N. Pozhidaev*, O.V. Lebedeva*, G. Burmaa

An extensive number of organic sorbents can be used for extraction of precious metals from solutions, among which organosilicon sorbents deserve a particular attention. The sorption activity of organosilicon sorbents is determined by the nature of the functional group and its position in the polymer chain. In this study, the effect of the nature and position of the functional substituent on the sorption activity of polyalkylsilsesquioxanes with respect to Ag (I) and Au (III) ions is analyzed for polymer homologues and polymer analogs with sulfhydril, sulphonic, thioalkylamine, guanidine, biguanidine, malonodiamide and phthalamide groups. It is shown that the sorption activity of the com-pounds under study increases during a transition from polyalkylsilsesquioxanes, containing chemically active groups in the  -position, to their polymer homologues, containing these groups in the  - и  -position. The sorption activity of complexing polymers is determined by the stability of the chelate compounds formed, the number of donor-active atoms in the functional groups and their spatial position facilitating the formation of complexes

51-58

Authors: N.D. Zambulaeva, S.D. Zhamsaranova

This paper is aimed at investigating the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of dried cranberry and cowberry extracts, as well as assessing the possibility for cranberry extract to be used in the production of biscuits having antioxidant attributes. By-products from berry processing contain biologically active substances, such as phenolic compounds and benzoic acid, the extraction and concentration of which allowed dried berry extracts to be obtained for further use as possible functional ingredients. The radical binding and Fe2+chelating ability of the extracts and their antimicrobial action towards Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes are determined. The possibility for dried extracts obtained from berry processing by-products to be used in the production of sugar-containing biscuits of increased biological value is investigated. The level of antioxidants in the experimental sample is shown to exceed that of the control sample by 5.2 times, proving the extract to be an effective ingredient in the production of confectionery and other food products.

67-73

Authors: T.V. Katsurba, S.N. Evstaf'ev, V.K. Frantenko, A.I. Demina

There is little scientific data on the use of sodium selenite, a mineral form of selenium, as an intensifier of malting. Therefore, this work is aimed at investigating the possibility of using sodium selenite in accelerating the malting process. To this end, barley of the Acha variety was soaked in an aqueous sodium selenite solution. The malt was obtained using the air-irrigation soaking method, with the barley being germinated in a laboratorybased malting plant. During the experiment, the degree of soaking and the temperature of the grain layer were varied. Under various conditions of barley soaking and germination, the maximum amylolytic activity of the malt was observed on the 4th day of germination. The addition of sodium selenite led to the accumulation of amylases on the 3rd day of germination. Based on the experimental data and mathematical modelling, the maximum amylolytic activity of the malt, when a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.033 mg / l was used, was established. The amylolytic activity of the malt obtained by soaking barley grain with sodium selenite was shown to be 1.5 times higher than that in the reference sample. Thus, our studies have shown that sodium selenite can be used as an intensifier of the malting process

82-91

Authors: N.M. Musta Ogly*, N.Yu. Sharova*,**, A.R. Yushkauskaite**

This research sets out to study the activity of the phytase enzyme synthesized by the Aspergillus niger L-4 fungus strain in sucrose-mineral medium and to determine optimal conditions for culturing this strain, under which the greatest amount of the phytase enzyme can be synthesized. The possibility of obtaining the phytase enzyme as an additional target product of microbiological synthesis is investigated. The activity of the phytase synthesized by the Aspergillus niger L-4 micromycete is studied by the colorimetric method. This method is based on the determination of inorganic phosphates (PO4) that form as a result of the phytase enzyme action on the sodium phytate substrate (sodium salt of phytic acid): under standard conditions the phosphates react with the vanadium-molybdenum reagent to yield a phosphor vanadium molybdenum complex of yellow colour. As a result of the fermentation of the Aspergillus niger L-4 strain into citric acid in a sucrose-mineral medium, the maximum activity of phytase in native solution constituted 68.75 units/cm3 for the inoculated mycelium aged 24 and 48 hours, at different volumes of inoculated mycelium (15 and 20%, respectively) and a temperature of 29 ºC.

99-105

Authors: Y.A. Zykova, N.M. Samokhvalov, V.V. Vinogradov

This aim of this research was to study the mechanism and efficiency of the regeneration of filtering walls by means of reverse jet blasting with a rotating nozzle during dusty gas treatment by a slotted filter. Within a series of experiments, the rotational speed of the blowing nozzle and its distance to the filtering wall, the number of wire layers and the gaps between them were varied. Air consumption for filtration and purging was measured along with the hydraulic resistance of a clean filtering wall, a wall with dust sedimentation and one following regeneration. The balance of the forces acting on the dust sediment during regeneration and the conditions for the separation of the sediment from the filtering wall were analysed, allowing the minimum velocity of the blowing jet to be mathematically defined. A dependency relation is proposed for calculating the effective working speed of the jet, which ensures efficient regeneration and minimum purging costs. The efficiency of regeneration is found to be exponentially related to the residual creep resistance index determined by the conditions of filtration and regeneration. A dependency relation is derived to calculate the regeneration coefficient, which can be recommended for determining the total hydraulic resistance of the slotted filter, taking into account the resistance of the clean filtering wall, the resistance of the dust sediment and the residual resistance of the filtering wall after regeneration

115-121

Authors: N.A. Belokonova, E.Yu. Ermishina, N.A. Naronova, T.V. Borodulina

This paper is aimed at assessing the possibility of using passive transport processes through semipermeable membranes of cellulose acetate as a criterion for the evaluation of the properties of adapted milk formulas and breast milk. The content of potassium and sodium ions and that of calcium and magnesium in the calcined milk mixtures prepared for the analysis were determined by the potentiometric and titrimetric methods, respectively. The data obtained was used to estimate the rate of diffusion from reconstituted milk mixtures. The permeability coefficients of potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium ions were calculated for reconstituted milk mixtures and an experimental solution that simulated the milk mixtures used in the study in terms of their ionic composition. The diffusion of ions in vitro, which was evaluated using the permeability coefficient, is demonstrated to be identical to the processes of absorption through the gastrointestinal canal wall. The results of the study demonstrate that, in contrast with breast milk, no caseinate cell phosphate complex forms during the reconstitution of adapted milk mixture. This is evidenced by a higher diffusion rate of calcium and magnesium ions from reconstituted adapted milk mixtures than that from breast milk. The calcium and magnesium ions are absorbed less easily from infant formulas than from breast milk

plasticizer oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, refined oil, aromatic extracts, purified residual aromatic extracts, mathematical calculation

Authors: A.A Shalashova*, A.S. Novoselov*, M.A. Lazarev*,A.A. Shchepalov

The aim of the work is to develop new carcinogen-free oil plasticisers for tyres and other rubber products by compounding refined aromatic extracts and base oils. Quality characteristics of raffinates obtained as a result of selective purification according to the necessary parameters for obtaining new brands of oils are analysed. The required percentage ratio of the initial components of the final mixture was calculated using mathematical calculations. The compounding was carried out based on calculations and the analysis of finished products according to their quality indicators, as well as a comparison between the calculation and experimental data with the purpose of assessing the prospects of such an approach. The composition of the mix ture was selected on the basis of mathematical calculations. The methods of analysis according to Russian state and international standards were chosen as the main methods of research. The experimental formulations were selected according to preliminary calculations of the compositions on the basis of the “kinematic viscosity” parameter. The compositions of four oil plasticisers have been selected, the physicochemical quality indicators of which comply the necessary requirements, as well as REACH regulations concerning the content of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzo [a] pyrene

17-23

Authors: N.V. Vchislo*, E. A. Verochkina*, V.G. Elshina

The developed method of synthesis of 2-methoxy-3-aryl(hetaryl)propanola by organocatalysis the crossaldol condensation of aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes with matosiuk-sonnym aldehyde under microwave activation. In the syntheses were used the microwave reactor Anton Paar Monowave-300. Effective organocatalysts selected pyrrolidine (30-100 mol%), commonly used in fine organic synthesis. Advantages of this method are the absence of toxic solvents, short reaction time (1-3 min), a simple treatment of the reaction mixture. However, the yields of target products remain moderate (47-53%). Obtained new representatives of a,b unsaturated aldehydes - 2-methoxy-3-phenylpropenal and 2-methoxy-3-(2-furyl)propenal – promising objects for further studies. For example, these compounds may be of interest as starting reagents in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds (pyrroles, oxazolidines, pyrazoles, imidazolidine,. etc.).

102-110

Authors: V.V. Rogozhin, U.V. Rogozhin

The mechanisms of formation and functioning of symbiotic community of microorganisms Medusomyces gisevii. Describes the stages of formation of bacterial cellulose, the mechanism of "quorum sensing" and the role of persisters in the functioning of microorganisms Medusomyces gisevii. The practical importance of the symbiont in the food and industrial processes, as well as the possibility of using biocellulose in medicine, pharmacology and cosmetology. It justifies urgency of study activities Medusomyces gisevii to obtain bacterial cellulose and components of the culture fluid used in the future in various food and processing industries

102-109

Authors: N.V. Babii

The aim of the research is to define parameters for extraction of fruit and medicinal and technical raw materials and assessment of the nutritional value of the obtained extracts. The main objects of study were selected: Chinese Magnolia vine, Actinidia kolomikta, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rhodiola rosea, aralia Manchu, plantain, cranberries. The optimal parameters of extraction: duration – 40 h, temperature 40 0C, the hydraulic module of 1:10. In the result of determined physico-chemical characteristics of the obtained extracts. The obtained results show that inclusion of extract in the beverage composition in an amount of 10-20 % will provide 25 % of the daily requirement of vitamin C when one-time consumption of 250 cm3 of the drink.

19-26

Authors: E.A. Bystrova, E.V. Alexeenko

Presents the results of studies on the component composition of phenolic compounds of cranberry juice, prepared with the use of enzymatic pre-treatment and without the use of enzymatic preparations. The profile of flavonoids has been studied. There is evidence of qualitative and quantitative composition of anthocyanins, catechins, hydroxycinnamic acids. The study shows that the quantity and quality of complex study of phenolic compounds in the juice is produced using enzyme preparations, richer and more varied. The study has established that the conduct of the preliminary enzymatic treatment can increase fruit yield in juice: quercetin and its derivatives, anthocyanin and catechin compounds, phenolic acids in 1.1-2.5 times. The composition of the juice obtained from enzymatically treated berries pulp has additionally identified the monomeric flavan-3-ol-epigallocatechin, which presence in the juice obtained without the use of enzyme preparations has not been identified. The study tested the antioxidant activity of cranberry juice and found that the antioxidant activity of cranberry juice prepared using enzymatic pre-processing is estimated significantly higher (1.4 times) than that of juice obtained without the use of enzyme preparations.

39-45

Authors: N.S. Ivchenko, O.V. Nemikina

The purpose of the research is to study the influence of copper plating electrolyte composition and cathodic current density on the copper current output as well as on the quality and thickness of the copper coating. The experiment was carried out in standard copper plating electrolytes and in electrolytes with the addition of phenolsulfonic acid of various concentrations with varying values of the cathode current density across a certain range. It has been established that the addition of phenolsulfonic acid across the studied concentration range has a favourable effect on the quality of the coating and contributes to the production of finegrained, dense, slightly shiny precipitates. As a result of the studies, the optimal copper electrodeposition mode was determined.

54-59

Authors: T.V. Vybornova*, A. A. Kornev

The influence of electrical impact on the preservation of the vitali-ty of mycelial fungi on the example of Aspergillus niger micromy-cete was studied. The object of the study was the A. niger VKPM F-171 strain, an industrial citric acid producer, which was select-ed at the FGBNU VNIIPD. Electroporation of the fungus culture fluid was carried out during 72 hours after seeding of the nutrient medium using electroporators with generators of exponential and quadratic waves. Using a quadratic wave generator, the electro-poration conditions of the culture liquid were selected and elec-troporation parameters established; this did not lead to any loss of vitality of the producer fungus. Using the chosen electro-poration parameters, the mass concentration of organic acids in the culture liquid is increased by 12.1%. The data obtained can be used for future transformation of macromolecules into the A. niger cell by means of electroporation.

75-83

Authors: V.P. Andreev, Zh.V. Plakhotskaya

The fluorescence induction method (PAM method) was used to evaluate the condition of the photosynthetic Fucus apparatus before and during freshening, as well as after returning to seawater. The intensity of fluorescence varied little both with open (F0) and with closed reaction centres (Fm). The maximum quantum yield of photochemistry (Fv/ Fm) in fresh water hardly changed, and the effective quantum yield of photochemistry (YII) decreased during freshening for 2-3 days. The photochemical activity of F. vesiculosus L. and F. distichus L. was restored within 60 hours after the algae had returned to the sea. In F. serratus L., complete recovery did not occur. The PAM method did not reveal differences in the induction parameters of F. vesiculosus fluorescence taken from habitats with different salinity. Against the background of the freshening factor, various adaptive possibilities of littoral and sublittoral fucoids are shown

92-98

Authors: S.N. Maksimova, A.G. Kim, E.V. Fedoseeva, D.V. Poleshchuk

The relevance of the study is determined by the development of the fishing industry and, as a result, aquaculture farms in the Far East of the Russian Federation. Far Eastern sea cucumber (tre-pang) is considered as one of the objects of aquaculture, which is of a great demand in the market of the countries of the AsiaPacific region. The aim of the work is to substantiate the expedi-ency of obtaining food products for healthy nutrition from the Far Eastern sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus). The paper presents the assessment results of the physical, chemical, biological and microbiological properties of sea cucumbers grown in the North-ern bay of Khasansky district of Primorsky Krai. The mass com-position of cucumbers produced in the spring and autumn periods is given. In addition to the general chemical composition, the con-tent of such physiologically valuable substances as triterpene gly-cosides, aminosugar (glucosamine, galactosamine) in the sea cu-cumber's muscle tissues was studied. The high biological potency of these components makes it possible to assign the Far Eastern sea cucumber to valuable biological objects. In general, the results of experimental studies on the evaluation of the mass, chemical composition and safety parameters of the Far Eastern sea cu-cumber confirm the expediency of obtaining physiologically useful food products from it.

169-177

Authors: Chernysheva E.A. , Grabel'nykh V.A. , Levanova E.P. , Korchevin N.A.

The article presents data on the use of sulfur-containing sorbent obtained on the basis of tonnage of waste lignin, as well as on the basis of organochlorine wastes from epichlorohydrin production, for the extraction of mercury and mercury salts from aqueous solutions. For obtaining of sorbents lignin previously had been subjected to chlorination by the action of chlorine water (chlorine content of 3.5 – 5.7 per cent). The obtained powders of sorbents differ in sulphur content and content of residual chlorine in the finished product. The results of investigations of sorption properties of the sorbent, as well as its kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics. The sorption activity of this sorbent, while the extraction of mercuric ions from solutions at room temperature has a good performance. Kinetic studies are consistent with the comprehensive coordination mechanism of absorption of mercury ions. These studies will help to solve some global environmental problems, including wastewater treatment from heavy metals, recycling organochloride wastes from epichlorohydrin production and also utilization of large-tonnage waste of pulp and paper industry and hydrolytic lignin

9-15

Authors: Khamdamova Sh.Sh

IN THIS ARTICLE THE MUTUAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPONENTS IN TRIPLE WATER SYSTEM WITH PARTICIPATION OF CALCIUM DI-UREA-CHLORATE AND UREA PHOSPHATE IN WIDE INTERVAL OF THE TEMPERATURE AND CONCENTRATION HAVE BEEN STUDIED BY THE VISUAL-POLYTHERMYC METHOD. BASED ON DATA OBTAINED, THE POLYTHERMIC DIAGRAM OF SOLUBILITY OF THE SYSTEM ON RIGHT-ANGLED TRIANGLE FROM EUTECTIC FREEZING POINT TILL 300С HAS BUILT. SURFACE OF LIQUIDUS IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR PARTS, WHICH CORRESPOND TO THE FIELDS OF CRYSTALLIZATION OF ICE, CALCIUM DI- UREA-CHLORATE, UREA PHOSPHATE AND COMPOUND WITH CA(H2PO4)(CLO3)∙CO(NH2)2 COMPOSITION. THE COMPOUND WAS PRECIPITATED FROM SUPPOSED AREA OF CRYSTALLIZATION AND WAS IDENTIFIED BY THE METHODS OF CHEMICAL, THERMOGRAPHIC AND IR-SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS. DUE TO GOOD SOLUBILITY OF INITIAL COMPONENTS THE INSIGNIFICANT SALTING-OUT EFFECT OF CALCIUM DI-UREA-CALCIUM CHLORATE AND UREA PHOSPHATE ON COMPOUND CONTAINING CA(H2PO4)(CLO3)∙CO(NH2)2 IS OBSERVED IN THE SYSTEM

21-32

Authors: Kuliev K.A. , Verdizade N.A. , Suleymanova G.S.

The complex formation of copper with 2,6-dithiol-4-tert-butylphenol (DTBP) and hydrophobic amines (Am) was investigated by spectrophotometric methods. Aniline (An), N-methylaniline (mAn) and N,Ndimethylaniline (dAn) were used as the hydrophobic amine. It was found that complexes with different ligands are formed in weakly acidic environment (pHopt=4.6–6.1). The ratio of reactants in complexes with different ligands corresponds to the Cu(II) : DTMF : Am =1:2:4. The maximum in the spectrum of light absorption is observed at  =538–545 nm. The molar absorption coefficients are equal (up 3.82 to 4.25)×104. The photometric methods for copper determination in various grades steels were developed based on the data obtained.

44-53

Authors: Мохамед Х. , Петерсон А.М. , Ебрагем В. , Прокш П.

Enniatins (ENs) are secondary fungal metabolites with hexadepsipeptidic chemical structure and they possess a number of potent biological activities and they are known to act as antifungal, anti yeast and antibacterial and to possess anti insecticidal and phytotoxic properties. ENs are produced by several Fusarium strains including Fusarium tricinctum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans. The endophyte F. tricinctum (F106) was isolated from the apple shoots in Volga region, Saratov, Russia. Molecular characterization performed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS1,4), rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as F. tricinctum, accession number (KR184140). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), investigation of the Ethyl acetate (EtOAc), crude extract of F. tricinctum which was grown on solid rice medium yielded six secondary metabolites, including Enniatins (A, B, G, H), in addition to other metabolites Gibepyrone B and Aureonitol. Fungal crude extract were found to potentiate activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphyllococcus aureus. All these structures were determined on the basis of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

64-71

Authors: Новинюк Л.В. , Велинзон П.З. , Кулёв Д.Х.

The work aims to study sorption properties of chitin-glucan (ChGC) and chitosan-glucan (CsGC) biopolymer complexes isolated from Aspergillus niger fungal mycelia biomass, a citric acid production waste. According to the obtained data, the sorption capacity of the diacetylated CsGC with primary amine groups is higher against Pb2+ and Сu2+ ions (130-140 mg/g) as compared with ChGC (50-80 mg/g). Langmuir and Freundlich equations govern adsorption isotherms with high correlation parameters (R2=0,998) and (Сu2+ – R2=0,98, Pb2+ – R2=0,95) correspondingly. X-ray structural analysis states the samples have a new phase of sorbed ions with functional groups. The study results show it is possible to obtain chitin-glucan and chitosan-glucan bio-complexes isolated from mycelia wastes with high sorption capacity and their application for copper, lead and other heavy metals ions removal has a great future.

80-88

Authors: A.A. Kalinina, S.Y. Radostin, A.S. Makedoshin, T.N. Sokolova, V.F. Smirnov, V.R. Kartashov

The effect of nutrient medium composition on the release of bacteria acting on the surface of zinc, hydrogen peroxide as a product of oxygen biotransformation electron-transport circuit components of bacteria were studied. It is shown that cultivation of gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium spp. on a meat peptone agar medium was accompanied by the formation of hydrogen peroxide in a smaller amount as against bacteria when cultured on glucose mineral medium. Impact of gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens on zinc surface in favorable conditions for the vital activity leads to the high hydrogen peroxide formation.

98-104

Authors: T. V. Kotkova

The aim of this work was to study the effects of probiotic preparations (lactoamilovorin and tetralactobakterine) in combination with potassium iodide and sodium selenite on some indicators of lipid-cholesterol metabolism in laying hens in a comparative perspective. 3 groups of "Hajseks brown" cross laying hens twenty head of hens each were formed to carry out the research. It was found that laying hens treated with complex drugs demonstrated the significant reduction of triacyloglycerols, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Also the test bird’s diet enrichment with iodine provided the synthesis of thyroid hormones 1.5– 3.2 times more as compared to the control. The study revealed that complex of trace elements included in probiotic lactoamilovorin coupled with a strain of lactic acid bacteria had more pronounced influence

113-121

Authors: A.A. Nosenko, S.I. Polovneva

The aim of this work is to systematize the information contained in scientific publications, patents, websites on methods and devices of measuring the specific surface area of dispersed materials, the classification of measurement methods, consideration of their physical bases, comparative analysis of metrological characteristics and mathematical models for specific surface measurements. Comparative analysis of mathematical models of measurement, metrological characteristics and the physical basis of the method is given. A patent search revealed that the described invention is used as adsorbate gas, nitrogen or argon, an inert gas (helium) as the carrier gas. To achieve adsorption temperature the liquid nitrogen is used as the refrigerant. Analysis of commercially available models suggests that a significant portion of analyzers operates on the base of the low-temperature gas adsorption method (BET), and only a small part is made with limited permeability methods measurement range of the specific surface materials. The most used is a laboratory method of low-temperature gas adsorption (BET method or MTD). Despite the many commercially available analyzers are fundamentally common dynamic response - a long analysis time, due to the fact that adsorption processes at low temperatures are slow. Such speed information to the control system is unacceptable because they do not allow the quality control process. Search and development of high-speed analyzer remains relevant for the determination of the specific surface

128-134

Authors: A.D. Badikova, F.Kh. Kudasheva, R.A. Yalalova, A.V. Rullo, S.R. Sakhibgareev

Oil sludge is a complex organic mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon parts. In present work the elemental composition of the oil refinery sludge was studied by the modern analysis methods – chromatography, infrared and X-ray fluorescence. The mixture of oil sludge mainly composed of hydrocarbon part (80%), gum (40%), paraffinic-naphthenic (18%) and heavy aromatic hydrocarbons (16%). The results were confirmed by the spectra. It was determined, that the part of non-hydrocarbon oil sludge includes heteroatoms (O, S, N), as well as metals (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, K, Ba, Cu, Zn). X-ray fluorescence analysis method confirmed the results of the statistical processing

144-150

Authors: N.M. Ageeva, S.A. Biryukova, U.A. Lisovets

The aim of the work was to study the influence of temperature on the efficiency of metabolic processes between the cell and wine material, in particular, on the changes in the concentrations of nitrogenous substances – amine nitrogen and amino acids, during the batonnage in the technology of white table wines. The object of the study was a white table wine material from the Sauvignon grape variety fermented with application of active dry yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Killer (Bayanus) species of race IOC 18-2007 (France). At the end of fermentation the wine material was divided into four sample, stirred with yeast biomass and kept at different temperatures for 4 months: 1 – 4-6 °C; 2 – 10-12 °C; 3 – 16-18 °C (control); 4 – 22-25 °C. The obtained results showed that the activity of mass-exchange and oxidation processes increases with an increase in the temperature. Carrying out the batonnage is advisable at the temperature of 16-18 °C during 2-3 months with periodic stirring

157-163

Authors: O.V. Golub, N.I. Davydenko, E.V. Tyapkina

Currently, fast freeze is a topical form of conservation, which allows preserving the nutritional value of food. Qualitative characteristics of the fast-frozen berries of the red currant growing in the Novosibirsk region are investigated at different temperature conditions in the course of storage. It was found that the freezing process has insignificant impact on organoleptic properties and chemical composition of berries. Storage of the fast-frozen berries (in brushes) in case of two modes of storage (minus 18 and minus 12 Celsius degree, in case of relative humidity of air of 90-95%) based on researches of the chemical composition, organoleptic and microbiological indicators authentically showed the best safety of products respectively 9 and 3 months

172-180

Authors: A.Sh. Shaimardanova, S.V. Stepanova, I.G. Shaikhiev

Leaf litter potential of different tree species (Betula pendula, Litter mixed foliage, Quercus robur) as a sorption material in relation to Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions was investigated. The sorption process was carried out in several stages until complete iron saturation of the sorption material. The experiment was conducted in the statistical mode, with constant stirring for 120 minutes. To restore the sorption properties of leaf litter and to achieve complete iron ions desorption the pollutant saturated sorbent was subjected to the acid regeneration. Hydrochloric acid in a dilution of 1:8 was found to be optimal eluent. The highest absorption is achieved in the first phase of the study due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between leaf litter cellulose and metal hydroxyl. The study revealed that the sorption material should be used for primary treatment, as the effectiveness of subsequent regeneration does not exceed 40 %.