Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

79-86

Authors: Shabnam Ara, Deeksha Bundela, Mini Nimb, Manoj Goyal

Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal, dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also, therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades, ocular drug delivery research acceleratedly advanced towards developing a novel, safe and patient compliant formulation and drug delivery devices/techniques, which may surpass these barriers and maintain drug levels in tissues. Anterior segment drug delivery advances are witnessed by modulation of conventional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers. Also, it includes development of conventional topical formulations such as suspensions, emulsions and ointments. On the other hand, for posterior ocular delivery, research has been immensely focused towards development of drug releasing devices and nanoformulations for treating chronic vitreoretinal diseases. These occuserts formulations may help to surpass ocular barriers and associated side effects with conventional topical drops. Also, these novel devices and/or formulations are easy to formulate, no/negligibly irritating, possess high precorneal residence time, sustain the drug release, and enhance ocular bioavailability of therapeutics. An update of current research advancement in ocular drug delivery necessitates and helps drug delivery scientists to modulate their think process and develop novel and safe drug delivery strategies.

91-100

Authors: Buyyakari Shirisa, Paramasivam Suresh Kumar, Rakesh Das

To study the incidence and etiological factors of pancreatitis in both alcoholics and non alcoholic patients.serum amylase and lipase levels were compared in alcoholics and non alcoholics. This is a prospective observational study conducted in district head Quarter hospital, Khammam. Total 100 in-patients are included in this study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed history of patients were considered along with physical and laboratory examination, ultra sound examination for the conformation of etiological factor of pancreatitis in patients has been made. In our study, out of all, 116 patients have conformed that alcohol is the main etiological factor and remaining 26 of patients were from nonalcoholic history. The patients with alcoholic etiology were 93 patients. Out of 142 patients, 96 patients have acute pancreatitis and remaining 26 patients have chronic pancreatitis. The patients with nonalcoholicetiology were 26 patients. Out of 26 patients, 20 patients have gall stones, 2 patients have hypercalcemia and 2 patients have triglyceredemia. The study concludes that alcohol is the major cause of pancreatitis in patients. Serum amylase and lipase levels are high in alcoholics than the non- alcoholic and the gall stone is the main cause in non-alcoholic patients for pancreatitis.