Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

40-49

Authors: PA Shelar, VG Gharge, AV Yadav

Urenalobatais a plant (Malvaceae family) found abundantly in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Traditionally plant is used in febrifuge, rheumatism, wound and as antiseptic. To evaluate the scientific basis for the use of the plant, the antimicrobial activities of extracts of the leaves were evaluated against some common Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Pulverized Urenalobataleaves were investigated for physical constant (LOD, ash value, fluorescence analysis). The fresh leaf of Urenalobatawas studied for microscopical characterization which shows upper and lower epidermis, palisade cells, spongy parenchyma in lamina while collenchyma and vascular bundles were observed in midrib. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts were evaluated by determination of the diameter of zone of inhibition against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria using agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and both the extracts were active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, of which Aqueous extract shows significant results.

58-63

Authors: Bineeta Dwivedi, Rocky Yadav, Priyanka Arjariya, Manoj Goyal

Ophthalmic insert is defined as sterile preparation with solid or semisolid consisting and whose size and shape are especially designed for ophthalmic application. They offer several advantages as increase ocular residence, possibility of releasing drug at a slow constant rate, accurate dosing and increased shelf life with respect to aqueous solutions. Ocular route of drug delivery is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors facing the pharmaceutical scientist. One of the major barriers of ocular medication is to obtain and maintain a therapeutic level at the site of action for prolonged period of time. Therefore many ophthalmic drug delivery systems are available. These are classified as conventional and non-conventional drug delivery systems. The main purpose of preparing ocular insert is to increase ocular bioavailability of drug. Idoxuridine is an antiviral agent used in treatment of Herpes-keratitis. In present research, an attempt has been made to formulate ocular inserts of idoxuridine using various polymers such as hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and Eudragit in different concentrations by solvent casting method using dibutylphthalate as plasticizer with aim of achieving controlled release, reduction in frequency of administration and greater therapeutic efficacy. Prepared ocuserts were evaluated for Uniformity of thickness, Uniformity of weight, Surface pH, folding endurance, drug content and In vitro studies.