Jurnal Wasian

13-29

Authors: Sahindomi Bana, Wa Ode Nur Hasanah, Laode Sabaruddin, Hasbullah Syaf, Lies Indriyani, Junartin Teke, La Gandri

Forest fires are one of the environmental problems that recur almost every year in Indonesia. This problem if not handled properly will certainly cause various negative impacts such as the emergence of haze that can interfere with public health and reduced forest cover, in forest areas. Taman Hutan Raya Nipa-Nipa (Tahura) as one of the Natural Preservation areas of Southeast Sulawesi Province is also inseparable from the problem of forest fires. The aims of the study were to analyze the level of forest fire vulnerability in the Tahura Nipa-Nipa area, especially in Watu-Watu Village, West Kendari Subdistrict, and the variables that most affect the level of forest fire vulnerability. Data analysis based on the weighting of each element is then carried out the determination of the vulnerability class using equations: forest fire vulnerability = {30 % x (land cover)} + {(20 % x height of place)} + {(20 % x Rainfall)} + {(10 % x distance from road)} + {(10 % x distance from river)} + {(10 % x distance from settlement)}. Mapping the class of forest fire vulnerability areas using geoprocessing with input data on land cover, place height, rainfall, and distance from roads, rivers, and settlements. Then an analysis is carried out and will be selected data according to the score of the level of forest fire vulnerability, namely very low/not a vulnerability with a score of 5, low with a score of 4, medium with a score of 3, high with a score of 2, very high /very vulnerability with a score of 1. The results showed that the level of forest fire vulnerability in Tahura Nipa-Nipa has 3 levels, namely the level of high forest fire vulnerability with an area of 68.51 ha, the level of moderate forest fire vulnerability with an area of 62.29 ha, and the level of low fire vulnerability with an area of 143.35 ha. The variables that most affect the level of forest fire vulnerability at the research site are land cover and community accessibility distance in the form of distance from the road and distance from the settlement.

48-62

Authors: Rubangi Al Hasan, Krisnawati Krisnawati, Anita AD Rahayu

Pranajiwa (Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn.) has been widely used as traditional medicine by the Balinese ethnic community. Up to now, the raw materials for traditional medicines from E. horsfieldii are harvested directly from their natural habitat. It is feared that it will interfere with its sustainability. The Balinese ethnic community has a culture known as the Tri Hita Karana (THK) concept, which means there is a balance in the relationship between humans and God, nature, and with fellow humans. This study aims to identify the use of E. horfieldii and its conservation efforts based on THK. This research was carried out in communities living around Bedugul, Bali. The method of data collection was done by participatory observation and semi-structured interviews. The research informants were 33 people with a purposive sampling method. The criteria are based on the level of knowledge and use of E. horsfieldii. Data were analyzed and interpreted descriptively. The results of this study indicate that E. horsfieldii has been widely used to treat various diseases and is practiced by many traditional healers (balian). However, people also use it for treatment without a standardized dose. This causes the measure of its use is very diverse. Harvesting of E. horsfieldii is carried out by the community while still observing the principle of sustainability according to the THK philosophy. Harvesting of E. horsfieldii is mostly done for individual needs. Although there has been a practice of buying and selling E. horsfieldii, harvesting has not resulted in over-exploitation. Efforts to conserve E. horsfieldii have been carried out by the community, especially the balians by trying to cultivate it, although they still fail. In addition, the conservation of E. horsfieldii is carried out by the Bali BKSDA with efforts to maintain the habitat of E. horsfieldii in forest areas.

74-85

Authors: Dyah Arum Kusumaningsih, Kanti Suraningsih, Dwi Sri Nuryanti, Arif Irawan, Marciano Borges Ximenes, Indah Susilowati

The water utilization in Grojogan Sewu Nature Tourism Park has been used by community around it to fulfill their water needs such as cooking and farming. In the other hand, it is presumed that they have still lack of awareness and appreciation about the conservation object. One of the efforts to increase the community awareness for the water conservation in Grojogan Sewu Nature Tourism Park is to inform the economic value of the water they use every day. This study aims to analyze the economic value of domestic water use and agricultural irrigation that has been carried out by the community around the Grojogan Sewu TWA area. The research method used in this research is quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the economic value of the use of domestic water and agricultural irrigation by the community around the TWA Grojogan Sewu area was Rp238,565,600,000/month and Rp7,548,750.00/year. This result shows that the economic value of water utilization in TWA Grojogan Sewu is quite high, although the community is not aware of it. This can be illustrated by the value of the community's willingness to pay for the use of water which is still in the fairly low category, which is only Rp7,687,00/month for domestic water use and Rp6,818.00/month for the use of agricultural irrigation.

87-102

Authors: Mochammad Sofiyulloh, Dwiko B Permadi, Wahyu Tri Widayanti, Emma Soraya

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the texting, sharing, and mentoring (TSM) method as an innovative method of community empowerment applied in 'Go-Honey' program. This method is mixed offline and online with the use of Whatsapp groups connecting program participants, resource persons, and local mentors. Using the Bloom's Taxonomy approach, this study compares the knowledge level of the 'Go-Honey' program participants implementing TSM with other sitngless beekeeping program participants who use the single-face-to-face (TTM) method as a control. The total participants involved in this study were 20 people, half of whom were female members of 'Go-honey', while the other half were not. Participants were asked questions related to cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects by direct interviews. Observations were also done on the results of the work performance. The results show that the 'Go-Honey' participants have a higher level of knowledge about stingless beekeeping compared to the control model in these three aspects of knowledge. The results of the Mann Whitney test shows that the cognitive, affective and psychomotor scores are significantly different at 1 % alpha. This method has the potential to be applied after the pandemic ends with the principle of distance learning as long as there is the internet connection and the presence of local mentors.

115-120

Authors: Febriyani Febriyani, Faisal Danu Tuheteru, Asrianti Arif, Husna Husna

Kalapi (Kalappia celebica Kosterm.) is endemic in Sulawesi and Endangered species. Plant propagation needs to be done but is constrained by limited seeds. Vegetative propagation of plants can be an alternative method such as using the root cutting technique that has been done previously on other types of species. This study aims to determine the success of vegetative propagation of kalapi (K. celebica), an endangered tree species by root cuttings using Rootone F. as root growth regulator. The research took place from March to June 2019 conducted at the plastic house of the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association (AMI) Southeast Sulawesi Branch, Kendari. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments of Rootone-F concentration: (a) 0 ppm, (b) 100 ppm, (c) 200 ppm, (d) 300 ppm, (e) 400 ppm and (f) 500 ppm. Each treatment was repeated three times and three units of the plant so that the total experimental unit used was 54 units. The results showed that the provision of Rootone-F could increase the success of the growth of kalapi root cuttings. Rootone-F concentration of 500 ppm gives the best results on the percentage of cuttings, percentage of sprouts, percentage of roots, number of shoots and shoot dry weight. The results showed that kalapi can be propagated by root cuttings.

133-143

Authors: Iskandar Z Siregar, Riki Ramdhani, Evayusvita Rustam, Dede J Sudrajat

Utilization of seeds storage results in decreased plant productivity. The increase can be used by treating seeds before planting through the technique of invigoration. This purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of invigoration methods using polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and ultrafine bubbles (UFB) to improve viability and vigor of sengon seeds (Falcataria moluccana). Seed agieng using 96 % ethanol was carried out to obtain the diversity of seedlot viability as the materials for testing the effectiveness of invigoration treatments. A complete random design was used to test the effectiveness of 5 invigoration treatments, i.e., seed without invigoration treatment, soaking in PEG 6000 -0.8 MPa, soaking in PEG 6000 -1.2 Mpa, soaking in UFB water injected by environmental air, and soaking in UFB water injected by oxygen 99 %, with soaking time is 24 hours for each treatment. Seed agieng resulted three classes of seed viability, i.e. 62 % (initial seed), 83 % (seed agieng for 30 minutes) and 57 % (seed agieng for 60 minutes). In the condition of seed germination before treatment (DBA) 57 % and DBA 62 %, invigoration treatments were significantly affected on seed germination capacity, but not significantly different in DBA 83 %. The soaking treatment of UFB injected by oxigen 99 % was able to improve the germination parameters (germination capacity, germination rate, and vigor index) on the sengon seeds with DBA 57 %. For seeds with DBA 62 %, the soaking treatment in UFB injected by environmental air was provided the best germination capacity, T50, and vigor index. The treatment of UFB injected by oxygen 99 % was more effective to improve the seed with very low viability and vigor (DBA 57 %). In general, improving of seed viability and vigor is more effective by using UFB than PEG 6000.

11-23

Authors: Baharinawati Wilhan Hastanti, S. Agung Sri Raharjo

Social Forestry at Java island or known as IPHPS (Permit for the Utilization of Social Forestry) is part of the agrarian reform of the forestry sector which expected to solve tenurial problems and improve forest governance. The successful implementation of this program could not be separated of the roles of stakeholder involved. This study aimed to 1) identified stakeholders and their roles in the implementation of IPHPS, and 2) analyzed the relationships between stakeholders in the implementation of IPHPS. This research was conducted in the KPH Telawa area of Boyolali Regency, Central Java. This research uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection was done by observation, interviews, and literature studies. Data were analyzed based on the research objectives at stakeholder analysis conducted by identifying stakeholders and their roles as well as the relationships between them in the implementation of IPHPS. They involved in the implementation of IPHPS at the Telawa KPH included Perhutani (KPH) Telawa, KTH IPHPS holders (Wonomakmur 1, Wonomakmur 2, Wonolestari 1, and Wonolestari 2) LMDH Participants PHBM, BPKH IX, BPDASHL Pemali Jratun, Field Companion, BDK Kadipaten, Forestry Foundation, NGO Rejo Semut Ireng, PSKL, LHK Office of Central Java Province, BPSKL Jabalnusra, Forest Development Financing Center Public Service Agency (P3H-BLU). Each of the above stakeholders has their respective strengths and interests. This affects the pattern of relations between the stakeholders which in turn will determine the results of the program. A good relationship will support the successful implementation of the program while a bad relationship can hamper the implementation of the program.

37-46

Authors: Febrian Ari Nugroho, Irdika Mansur, Arum Sekar Wulandari

Combo nursery technique is a technique where seedlings/cuttings of Shorea leprosula, Gliricidia sepium, and Brachiaria decumbens grass were planted in one polybag to support mining reclamation. To reduce competition effects among the three species, optimum media and size of polybag need to be investigated. The objective of this experiment is to analyse the effect of size of polybag and media composition on the growth of S. leprosula, G. sepium, and B. decumbens grass in the combo nursery technique. The experiment used Randomised Complete Design in Factorial with two factors, i.e. media compositions (soil : compost (2 : 1, v/v), (1 : 1, v/v), (1 : 2, v/v), and soil : compost : rice husk (7:3:1, v/v/v); and size of polybag (15 x 20 cm, 20 x 20 cm, dan 25 x 25 cm). Each treatment had four replications, and each replication consisted of four polybags. The results showed no significant interaction effects between the composition of media and the size of polybag; however, media compositions of soil: compost (1:1) and (1:2), and the sizes of polybag 20 x 20 cm and 25 x 25 cm significantly eliminated competition and significantly increased the growth of S. leprosula and the number of tiller of B. decumbens grass.

59-74

Authors: Ulfah Karmila Sari, Bina Swasta Sitepu, Mukhlisi Mukhlisi, Puji Mulyanto

Muara Kaman Sedulang Nature Reserve in East Kalimantan has been damaged due to anthropogenic activities and natural fires. The study aims to explore the floristic composition and soil characteristics in the rehabilitation and protection block to provide plant species information for the restoration activity. Vegetation data were collected in each block with a purposive random sampling method, in a total of 0,36 ha plot sample in rehabilitation block and 0,32 ha in protection block. Soil characteristics samples for physical and chemical measurement were collected in each plot with a composite technique at the soil surface (0 – 30 cm). There are 15 species recorded in rehabilitation block and 30 species in the protection block. The diameter distribution indicated that there are differences in the regeneration process after periods of destruction on each block. The diversity index in the rehabilitation block is low, while in the protection block is low to middle. Mallotus sumatranus is a dominant species in the rehabilitation block, whereas in the protection block is Lagerstroemia speciosa. Lepisanthes alata always presents in all research plots indicated suitability for all type of habitat in the area. Soil type is Endoaquepts Dystrudepts with silt clay loam texture and acid soil.

87-101

Authors: Mujahidah Sylviari Zaenal, Tatang Tiryana, Muhdin Muhdin

Biomass estimation of secondary forests is required to support the emission reduction of carbon dioxide through an enhancement of forest carbon stocks. Commonly, forest biomass is indirectly estimated using tree biomass allometric models that are developed based on a destructive sampling of sample trees. The availability of biomass allometric models for secondary forests in Indonesia is still limited, particularly for secondary forest ecosystems in eastern Indonesia. This study aimed to develop allometric biomass models for mixed-species trees in a secondary forest of East Halmahera, North Maluku, and to compare their accuracies with some other allometric biomass models that commonly used for estimating biomass of secondary forests. The tree biomass measurement was conducted by using a destructive sampling of 18 mixed-species trees (with diameter range of 5,4 – 36,9 cm) in a secondary forest. The samples of each tree component (stem, branch, twig, and leaf) were analyzed in a laboratory to determine the biomass of each sample tree. Allometric models were developed by using a non-linear regression analysis, which were then compared with other allometric models. This study revealed that the biomass of mixed-species trees in the study area could be estimated accurately using the M7 model that used diameter, height, and wood density variables. Such local allometric model was more accurate than other allometric models commonly used for estimating tropical forest biomass. Alternatively, the M3 model that used diameter and height variables could also be used when wood density data was not available. The local allometric models from this study can enrich the availability of biomass allometric models for secondary forest ecosystems in eastern Indonesia.

111-120

Authors: Ratih Madya Septiana, Nunuk Supriyatno, Slamet Riyanto

Cajuput leaf harvesting is a technical forest activity of non-timber forest products. The productivity of cajuput leaf harvesting is strongly influenced by aspects of human resource capacity and biophysical aspects. This study aims to identify the socio-demographic conditions of forest workers in cajuput leaves harvesting and to analyze the standards performance of harvesting in FMU Yogyakarta. A survey of 100 samples of workers were used to determine socio-demographic characteristics, while in-depth observations were made on 3 workers with different characteristics to determine work performance. The socio-demographic conditions of workers in the cajuput leaf harvesting are seen from eight characteristics, namely age, gender, education, number of dependents, livelihoods, and land ownership. Workers have an average age of 58 years old and are male. The level of education possessed by workers is dominated by graduating from elementary school (SD) by 64 %. The average number of dependents per worker household is 4 people, with the main livelihood being farmers. The average land ownership of workers in cajuput leaf harvesting is 0.17 ha. The work performance of harvesting for normal people in the FMU Yogyakarta is 72.23 kg / hour.

131-157

Authors: Maria Palmolina, Eva Fauziyah

The purpose of this study is to conflict mapping, explain conflict style of stakeholder and choices of conflict resolution. This study was conducted in February 2017 in Cisantana Village, Kuningan Regency. Data were collected through participatory rural appraisal; interviews, field observation, documentation and focus group discussions. The study method was used Rapid Land Tenure Assessment (RaTA) and Dispute Style Analysis (AGATA). The results showed that the dominant conflict in TNGC was the change of forest status which affected the economic activities of the community around TNGC, that involved eight dominant actor. In a conflict, the stakeholder has a different style of dispute. The stakeholders was facilitated and mediated to propose a permit to manage Patulungan (parking management), and a permit to manage Ipukan (tourism guide). In this case, the role of outsiders who do not have a conflict relationship is needed in order to realize conflict resolution.

15-24

Authors: Agung Wahyu Nugroho, Heru Dwi Riyanto, Heru Dwi Riyanto

Vegetation is one of the factors that influence the protection function of the riparian zone. Riparian vegetation in teak production forests is dominated by teak plantation with low species diversity. Rehabilitation is needed to increase the role of vegetation in protecting riparian zone. Data and information of light intensity is required to support the success of rehabilitation. Light intensity is a significant factor for photosynthesis which impacts on the survival, growth and adaptation of a vegetation. The varying light intensity in the riparian zone due to diverse land cover becomes a challenge in rehabilitating this area. This study aims to identify light intensity in riparian zone of Modang River and Cemoro River in the teak production forest. Recognizing light characteristics will help in species selection to rehabilitate this area. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Direct measurement of light intensity was carried out along riparian zone of the Modang and Cemoro Rivers by systematic sampling. A sampling plot measuring 20 x 20 meter was used as the location of the sampling point with a total of 36 plots. Climate data are obtained from field observations through the nearest climatology station. The results showed that different canopy cover causing light intensity of Modang and Cemoro rivers varies. Canopy cover in this area can be divided into canopy cover of teak forest of various ages (production plants), johar (previous rehabilitation plants), and logged-over areas. The selection of tolerant and intolerant trees is important to use as consideration for rehabilitation, in addition to other silvicultural and socio-economic considerations of the local community.

39-63

Authors: Fajar Lestari, Beny Rahmanto

One of the problems in developing Nyawai plants is the attack of snail pests Achatina fulica (Ferussac, 1821) at seedling level of the plants. Plant damage caused by these pests is quite large and causes seedling death. One of the control efforts that can be done is utilizing biomaterials which have molluscicidal properties (can kill mollusks). This study aimed to determine the toxicity of some extracts of biomaterial to control Achatina fulica (Ferussac, 1821) pests. The research was conducted on a laboratory scale. The study used a factorial random design with 3 replications. The treatment consisted of four biomaterials namely sembung (Blumea balsamifera), gadung (Discorea hispida), tuba (Derris eliptica and betel nut (Areca catechu) with each concentration of 10.25.50 g/l. Each concentration used 4 snails as a test sample. The parameters observed were snail mortality, and Lethal Concentration (LC50 and LC95). The results showed that the gadung tuber extract had the highest toxicity as indicated by mortality of 75 % and the lowest LC95 value of 80.63 g/l. While the lowest toxicity is betel nut with mortality of 49.75 % and the highest LC95 value is 567.75 g/l. The Toxicity of tuba, pinang, and sembung are highest on 50 g/l concentration, excepted the gadung extract. In gadung extract, the highest toxicity was obtained on 10 g/l concentration. However, the application was consideration to the attack intensity of Achatina fulica (Ferussac, 1821) because the toxicity effect of biomaterial pesticide was slower than chemical molluscicide.

65-72

Authors: Naning Yuniarti

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is one of forestry plant that has double benefits (economic and ecological). One of the problems faced in the development of nyamplung is its recalcitrant seed, which can not be stored for long periods. To increase the viability of nyamplung seed during storage, seed invigoration techniques are required. Invigoration is the treatment given to seeds before planting with the aim of improving germination and growth of sprouts. The purpose of this research is to know the proper invigoration technique on nyamplung seed during storage. The experimental design of the research was used Completely Randomized Design (CRDL) with factorial. There are 2 factors treatments: the first factor of: Invigoration treatment (control, osmoconditioning with soaking in aquades for 24 hours, osmoconditioning with immersion in PEG-6000 concentration 15 % for 24 hours, matriconditioning with moisture of newspaper (CD) for 2 hours, and matriconditioning with moisture ash scrub for 2 hours) and savings period factor the second factor of period of storage (0, 1, and 2 months). The research was conducted with replication is 4 times, @ each with 50 seeds of seed. The observation of germination is done after normal sprout growth, which it has of a pair of leaves. The parameters observed were germination and germination rate. The results showed that the proper invigoration technique on nyamplung seed during storage was the treatment of matriconditioning with moisture of newspaper (CD) for 2 hours. With this treatment it can increase the viability of seed nyamplung (germination) at 42 % and vigor seed (germination rate) at 0,56 % /etmal. results at the end of the abstract. The longer the storage period will cause the value of germination and the speed of germination to decrease.