IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology

25-36

Authors: SUDHANSU BHUSAN MOHAPATRA, PREMANANDA DAS, RAMESH CHANDRA MOHANTY & DHANESWAR SWAIN

Biodiesel from non-edible vegetable oils is of paramount significance in India due to insufficient edible oil production. The use of biodiesel has been widely accepted as an effective solution to reduce greenhouse emissions. The high potential of biodiesel in terms of PM, NOx, CO and CO2 emission reduction may represent an additional motivation for its wide use. However the poor low temperature operability is imperative. According to these observations a different behaviour of the after treatment system, especially as far as control issues of the Diesel Particulate Filter are concerned is also expected. The use of biodiesel as alternative to fossil fuel for light duty CI engines to reduce greenhouse gas emissions was widely investigated. However, poor stability of biodiesel - diesel mixture limits the use of biodiesel to low volume concentrations. This paper presents the results concerning the use of a novel fuel additive package containing, pour-point depressant with the aim to increase the quality and amount of biodiesel in the diesel-biodiesel blends. In the above context Kusum oil methyl ester was blended with 10%, 20% ethanol and 10% ethanol diesel (each) to investigate the engine performance and emission characteristics. Result revealed Kusum oil methyl ester blended with 20% ethanol can be fuelled to marine diesel engines without any modification in engine hardware in spite of a negligible power loss.

45-52

Authors: DHARA SHAH, DEVANG PATEL & HETAL JANI

Prestressing of structural elements especially steel girders improve their load bearing capacity and rigidity along with reduction in material consumption and overall cost for the same loading. The present study aims at preparing expedient interface for design of Steel I-Girder and Prestressed Steel I-Girder as per IRC24: 2010, encompassed through parametric study of two lane road bridges for varying span to depth ratios, considering 15m, 20m, 25m and 30m of spans. The analysis is done considering dead load, superimposed load and moving load as per class A-2 lane / class 70R loading. Design of prestressed steel I-girder is done by varying the diameter and number of strands. 9.5 mm, 11.1 mm, 12.7 mm and 15.2 mm diameter class B 7-ply strands are considered in 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 numbers of groups. The cost comparison is done as per prevailing market rates. A definite increase in the bending capacity of steel I-girder is found when prestressed with strands, without any enhancement in shear capacity. Prestressed steel I-girder provides shallower depth of the girder for same L/D ratio. With increase in the strand area and number of strands, bending capacity increases for same L/D ratio. Prestressed steel I- girder shows cost saving up to 50% for 15m span, 37% for 20m span, 28% for 25m span and 20% for 30m span. Cost of girder per meter length decreases when applying the prestressing force with increase in L/D ratio.