IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature

7-14

Authors: Suvasis Das

No human civilization on the subcontinent would ever witness such a massive human rights violations in the form of bloodshed, rape, and torture than the recent upsurge in Kashmir, next only to the mammoth brutality and savagery of humanity during Partition in 1947. In the contemporary world, Kashmir is another name for war, loss, pain, violence and relentless struggle. The essence of life and living in such a conflict-torn and anarchic state take a heavy toll on the lives of ordinary civilians of the valley. The constant feeling of insecurity, stress, death, loss, and pain jeopardize their mental health and equilibrium. Shahnaz Bashir, another artistic, literary voice of Kashmir like Agha Shahid Ali, renders such a gruesome tale of pain and trauma of the valley to the world outside. Bashir’s novel Half Mother and short story collection Scattered Souls poignantly records an agonizing account of human subordination and marginalization against the repressive mechanism of power, authority, and militarization. The present paper aims to explore how the ongoing conflict in Kashmir brings in untold tragedies of loss, pain, trauma and voicelessness, a study of Bashir’s debut novel The Half Mother and Scattered Souls, Selected Stories. The paper also seeks to throw some substantial light on the transformation of the Kashmiri people’s voicelessness to a rebellious and protesting voice, a journey from the margin to the ‘Centre’.

19-22

Authors: Samrat Khanna & Jap Preet Kaur Bhangu

The history of intolerance, hate, the disparity has divided the country into volatile segments at a war with each other. The ‘freedom to express’ has become the farcical conjoint of words in Indian democracy. We don’t need any colonial force now to inject the spirit of disharmony since ironically we are the creators of this disharmony in abundance. The politics of religion, race, and region has infiltrated into the education system also, finding faults with what is taught. In this time of siege, there is a need for weeding out the restrictors of India’s progress. There is a need for making the democratic space more spacious, my removing the encroachments of casteism, regionalism, and religion.

27-34

Authors: Babitha B. Nair & T.R. Muralikrishnan

This studyintends to show how patriarchy marginalises women at different levels of their lives. It tries to explain how women endure submissive status in their own families, how matrimony appears to be a trap for them and how they face patriarchal literary prejudices as women writers. To substantiate this view, a few of poems of both Emily Dickinson and Kamala Dashave been analysed in detail. An analysis of these poets’ poems shows how they reject their mediocre status as women to arise as powerful female literary figures. It also tries to depict these poets as the envoys of women in liberating them from the obsolete principles of patriarchy.

45-50

Authors: Swarupa lakshmi

The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of educational level of respondents’ parents on different components of social capital. The Sample comprised of 200 students as respondents drawn randomly from semi-urban degree colleges located in Vaishali district of Bihar (India). For measuring social capital, Lakshmi (2015) scale was used. Five factors, namely; bonding with friends, acceptance of system, support & cooperation, selfishness and harmony were found reliable. The findings revealed that the educational level of respondents’ father did not significantly influence acceptance of the system, support & cooperation, harmony and selfishness dimensions of social capital, but it was significant for bonding with friend’s dimensions of social capital. The findings also revealed that the educational level of respondents’ mother did not significantly influence acceptance of the system, support & cooperation, harmony and selfishness dimensions of social capital. However, it was significant for bonding with friend’s dimensions of social capital.

57-60

Authors: Suman

The present study was conducted in Hanumangarh District of Rajasthan state. Two hundred women were selected as the sample of the study. Two variables were taken, i.e. dependent and independent variable. Age was taken as independent variable and dietary modification was taken as the dependent variable. Information regarding to dietary modification was collected with the help of the questionnaire cum interview method. Result revealed that the majority of the women added few food items in their diet. About grams of fenugreek seed powder was taken a n early morning or after dinner by 6.5 women as they were aware of its implication in diabetes. Approximately 200 ml of lukewarm water with honey was included early morning by 9.5 percent women to facilitate proper bowel moments. About 66 percent women added 250 gm. Salad (Tomato, cucumber, onion, etc.) during lunch or dinner to prevent constipation. Fruit juice (200-250 ml was also added specifically by 13 percent women at any time of the day in order to get strength, fruit juices being a rich source of simple sugars may be a good source of energy. Bitter gourd juice (20-25 ml per day)was taken early morning by 2 percent women since they were at risk of diabetes.

69-74

Authors: Gincy P Kuriakose & T R Muralikrishnan

Objectification is unacceptable in any civilized human society, in fact the modern society encourages the dictum of individuals and focus on individual rights against collective will fast overruling the subjectivity of the human race. But the present study elucidates a disturbing discovery of the pathetic nature of man observed from the analysis of George Orwell’s 1984 and Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games challenging the ambitious narrative of the individual. Dystopian authors play the significant role of forecasters who warn on the destructive tendencies in the society to realize and adopt emergency remedial measures upon prevailing sociopolitical cynicism in society but their act of cautioning also falls under the critical suspicion of subjectivity. Moreover, this study focuses on relating the probing case of man’s objectification as pervasive for his harmonious social existence contributing order and stability in society.

83-94

Authors: Ana Zdravkovska Ilievska

This research analyzes the meaning of Public Relations for the tourism industry of each country in the process of transforming into a profitable branch of economy, which is particularly significant for the economic growth of each country. The emphasis of the scientific approach is put on the PR as characteristic management function allowing bidirectional communication between the organization and its target public. The aim of this research is offering a method of development of a PR model in the tourism industry. In the direction of realizing the goal, the subject to this research is PR and their specifications on tourism, generally, than PR forms, the meaning of the strategic management of PR in tourism as well as the importance of developing a model of strategic management of PR in the tourism industry of a country. PR modeling, conceived, organized and realized according to the modernistic practices on PR in tourism, adapted on the conditions and tendencies of the tourism industry of the country, allowing the tourism of the country to become a productive, profitable culture and socially beneficial activity.

105-120

Authors: Shantadevi T

The present paper explores and examines the information needs and gathering habits of the women grama Panchayat members of Bijapur district. The study identifies the information needs and channels of information and their gathering habits of information. The study reveals that majority of the women Grama Panchayat members belongs to Bijapur district and they belongs to the age group of 31-45years. Further, the majority of women grama Panchayat members hails from OBC category and they are illiterate and a majority of them are married and all of them know the Kannada language. Since, Majority of the women grama Panchayat members are housewives they do not have any income. Women Grama Panchayat members gather information from Local newspaper and regional newspapers. Majority of the women’s are the member of Grama Panchayat. Most of them are never used to listen radio. Among the TV channels, majority of them are frequently watching TV9 and Suvarna 24X7 and least preference are given for Aaj tak, Star Plus and DD1 because they don’t know Hindi language. Finally, the study reveals that there is a strong association between the status of women grama Panchayat members and frequency of watching TV and reading the news- papers. The study reports that most of the respondents are very least, aware of the ICT and Internet literacy. It can be concluded that women Grama Panchayat members should get educated and they should expose to ICT environment to aware about the various welfare schemes of the government.

133-144

Authors: Vandana Pathak

Advertising hoardings are common in cities. Hoardings are put up at almost all squares and near all bus stops/stations/railway stations/airports, malls, multiplexes, etc. Thus, these hoardings are omnipresent. These hoardings attract public attention because of their textual message and visuals. The language employed in these hoardings is simple and shows an economy in the use of words. The main function is to convey the message about a product or service in an effective manner. This linguistic communication or advertisement discourse can be studied from various points of view. This paper is a humble effort to study advertising hoardings in Nagpur city from the point of view of Sociolinguistics.

153-160

Authors: Monal K. Desai & Surendrasinh Gohil

Vocabulary acquisition is the crucial element to learn English as a second language, because it is the fundamental prerequisite to the four skills of a language listening, speaking, reading and writing. Even in second language learning, vocabulary learning is a crucial part. With the advancement of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the professional and technical areas of study, Students’ successes depend on the vocabulary learning strategies employed by them. Vocabulary has been recognized as crucial to language use in which insufficient vocabulary knowledge of the learners led to difficulties in second language learning. For students of under graduation engineering vocabulary causes a great deal of hindrance in learning since the vocabulary they are acquainted with technical jargons and so academic lexical items occur with a lower frequency as compared to general vocabulary items do. Allen (1983) also accentuated that “In communication major hindrance is a lexical problem; communication process breaks down when the speaker does not use the exact word during communication.” This shows that vocabulary teaching is important in classroom teaching, as without knowledge of vocabulary chances of a breakdown of the communication cycle increases. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of technical vocabulary learning strategies and blended mode of learning to enhance the vocabulary of undergraduate engineering students. This paper presents the discussion of the methods of developing vocabulary.

167-176

Authors: K. Kumar

Stress is a common phenomenon in modern organizations. It is both physical and psychological. It is understood through biological disorders leading to a psychological illness. Stress does not result from a single experience but occurs when the realization of desires and wishes are constrained by certain internal and external factors. People often confuse stress, anxiety, and burnout. They are not the same concept, although stress is accompanied by anxiety, whereas anxiety need not result into stress and burnout is a state of mind, resulting from emotional stress. A person may feel strained when overworked on a particular day. If this strain continues, it may result in burnout.

185-188

Authors: Helen Mary. V & Sheba Frederic

Dalit literature articulates the exploitation of the untouchables in an unjust society based on caste and class inequities. Bama, the first Dalit woman writer of India vehemently protests discrimination and untouchability imposed on dalits by the upper class in the society. With the publication of Karukku(1992), she rose to popularity. Her other works include Sangati (1994), Kusumbukaran (1996) and Vanmam (2003). The quest which had been depicted in Bama’s works is a reflection of her identity which was neglected. This paper aims to explore the plight of the socially underprivileged. Karukku and Sangati casts light on the most agonizing and wretched lives of the dalit women. It argues against patriarchy and caste oppression. Bama lends her voice for those communities that are silenced by caste oppression. Through these works, she envisages the empowerment of the dalit people through education.

195-198

Authors: P. Mohanraj & M. Elavarasan

Entrepreneurship is pivotal for creating employment opportunities and economic growth. Entrepreneurs are the key factor in the socio-economic change. It is imperative to foster entrepreneurship awareness among college going students to accelerate economic growth. Stimulating entrepreneurship among college students is very much needed to increase the job providers rather than job seekers. Entrepreneurial competence makes all the difference in the rates of economic growth. This paper discussed some of the barriers to entrepreneurship and measures to enhance the aspiration towards entrepreneurship among college students. “The educational system should highlight the importance of entrepreneurship and prepare the students right from the college education to get oriented towards setting up of the enterprises. Diversity of skills and perseverance in work makes an entrepreneur” Dr. A.P.J. AbdulKalam Former President of India

211-216

Authors: A. Meenakshi

In general, satisfaction is a people’s feeling of pleasure or disappointment resulting from comparing a product’s perceived performance [or outcome] in relation to his or her expectations. If the performance lags the people’s expectation, the customer is unhappy. If the performance goes with the expectations, the customer is happy. If the performance exceeds his or her expectation, the customer is delighted. The link between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty is not proportional. Suppose customer satisfaction is valued on a scale from one to five. At a very low level of customer satisfaction [level one], customers are likely to discard the company and even bad-mouth it. Through this conceptual review based paper efforts has been made to get insight into the factors responsible for attracting customers to buy motorcycles as well as factors resulting in consumer satisfaction and dissatisfaction as well. Use of secondary data has been made. Throughout the study, it has been found out that majority of the signaled towards consumer satisfaction with the respective brand/company adopted by the users except in a few cases while modernity of motorcycles is the key attracting factor with others as revealed in the paper below.

229-246

Authors: Parminder Kaur & Arshi Pal Kaur

The manifestations of violence against women vary with different economic, social and cultural contexts; there is no doubt that the phenomenon is universal and a major factor in the subordination of woman worldwide. Conceptualizing violence against women as a violation of human rights was a critical first step in framing abuses of women’s rights within the international human rights system. While the manifestations of violence against women vary with different economic, social and cultural contexts, there is no doubt that the phenomenon is universal and a major factor in the subordination of woman worldwide. In the 1980s., when violence against women’s movements was at its peak in every region, the focus was on acts of overt physical and sexual violence. This included, for example, female infanticide, female foeticide, incest, battering, bride burning, marital rape, honor killing in private sphere, sexual harassment, rape in public arenas.1 Violence against women is also a manifestation of class oppression. Violence in a society on a family initiated by those who have power or by those who want to retain power2. The definition of violence had been expanded to include more structural forms of gender- based violence. Certain cultural practices, like son – preference, dowry customs etc.

255-268

Authors: Rajesh Sharma & Tanushri Mukherjee

Information Communication Technology is playing a very vital role in higher education in the current era. Information means modified data which we can share with each other to increase our knowledge & awareness among people. Whatever we want to share or communicate to students, our friends in the positive sense is called information. Communication means conveying our messages by establishing a two-way channel. Whatever we are planning to communicate or exchange knowledge between two people or more is called communication. Communication technology is a process of sending, receiving and exchanging information. Technology means techniques/mechanism which we use for the entire process of communication with the help of new technology and various tools & medium such as Radio, Television, computer, hardware, internet, satellite, application software, DVD, Telephone, Video-conferencing and multimedia. In current scenario ICT is enhancing effective teaching-learning process day by day. This study will also focus on effective teaching-learning process of the higher education institutes & their effectiveness of on the student’s growth.

281-288

Authors: Binita Devi

Lack of trained teachers in primary schools in the North Eastern States of India is quite alarming. The initiative undertaken by Assam State Government in this respect in the form of recruiting primary or upper primary school teachers after appearing Teachers Eligibility Test (TET) in recent years is worth mentioning. The recruited teachers are offered training such as Diploma in Elementary Education (D.El.ED.) is a bold step undertaken by Sarva Siksha Abhiyaan in collaboration with Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University. An attempt is made to study the reaction of TET qualified teachers towards the working environment and in-service training undergone for a period of two years through distance mode. The sample consisted of 62 numbers of teachers from Darrang District and 50 numbers of teachers from Nagaon District who are in service in different Blocks in these two districts. The result shows that the teachers working in schools are satisfied with the working condition of the school and they have adjusted themselves to the school environment. Due to lack of modern teaching materials the teachers do face certain problems in the instructional process. According to the teachers,’ the books prescribed for different classes are both of easy and difficult type.Expectations of the majority of them found to become an action oriented teacher. In respect to the D. El. Ed. course, the study observed that they understood the need and importance of such program. Further, it is quite clear that, the attitude of teachers towards the D. El. Ed.the program existed at the beginning has changed compared at the end of the program. This change is noticed among the teachers which suggest that the training program is well perceived by the teachers. Working environment does matter the attitude of the teachers.

301-304

Authors: Ashwini Joshi & Sonal Dixit

Hindu texts such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Laws of Manu provided Thoreau with an additional vehicle for conceptualizing a relationship between the divine and the natural. In Walden, Thoreau articulates a view of nature that differs from the norms of his day by elevating it to the status of a God. Thoreau uses Hindu, and other religious, structures and formats to express a conception of nature as worthy of reverence. This paper examines Thoreau’s deployment of some of the structures and themes of Hindu texts in Walden. Thoreau has a biophilic view of nature, that is to say, his approach as a writer and amateur naturalist is animated by an innate love of life. Waldenfrequently and in a wide variety of ways- suggests that some kind of biophilic relation between the human organism and the non-human natural environment is, and should be seen as, fundamental to human existence. Thoreau’s literary expression of this biophilia often combines the scripture and natural observation, suggesting that religion can be used to understand and appreciate nature, and that nature can fill a role similar to God in a religious tradition. Additionally, the paper examines how Hinduism’s view of the role of God in nature appealed to Thoreau’s absorption with the wild, topic cognate but not identical to nature itself, which led him to write Walden.

311-316

Authors: Deepa K Thomas & P. Shanmugam

In the contemporary competitive era, it has become a challenge for the dealer and the producer to satisfy the customers by providing them with the expected product or services. PDS also is not an exception in this case. It is considered as the main instrument in the hands of State Governments for ensuring the safety net to the poor against the soaring prices of essential commodities. In this regard, the State of Kerala sets itself frame a model for implementing the PDS as a universal system. The purpose of setting-up Public Distribution System will be invalidated if real recipients have not used the products offered at Fair Price Shops optimally. The study focuses on the satisfaction of customers towards PDS at various levels and a primary research was done on 485 respondents from three panchayats of Kottayam District. The study observed that the utilization of services given by the PDS scheme depends largely on the satisfaction which they draw from ration shops.

323-338

Authors: Anju Verma

The new electronic independence re-creates the world in the image of a global village. This electronic independence is totally dependent upon the Internet. It illuminates the lives of thousands of us by spreading knowledge internationally, thereby making us global citizens. Social networking sites are the wonderful places to learn and find solutions to problems. All the educational institutions and businesses have realized the importance of social networking sites. In today’s era of information and communication technology, we are totally dependent on new technology, and even our educational firms are benefiting highly on social networking sites to give information about their institutions. People are now more connected through social networking sites even if they are far away from each other. Among all social networking sites Facebook is the leading social networking sites and continuously it is growing. Social networking sites are the more effective way for social interaction in the large group of the people. In the rapidly changing world, we can only sustain by making ourselves capable of putting forward with the demand of the time and technological advancement. Social networking websites are considered to be an ideal source that helps us to widen our knowledge. The recent survey says that millions of people are accessing social networking sites for their educational requirements. So the field of education has undergone a drastic shift and also gained a new dimension. Social networking sites are the demand of the present time and we have to prepare our young generation to tackle all the challenges they face in the modern technological era. Since this social networking site is continuously growing at a fast pace, so it is important to understand the impact of these sites on adolescent students in a positive and negative manner as these students are our nation builder. Therefore, the investigator of the present study thought to study the impact of social networking sites on adolescent students of Gangtok.

347-354

Authors: D. Anuradha

India has always cared for the have-nots. Rural credit has seen several milestones in a journey over the past hundred odd years.Microfinance is referred to smallscale financial services provided to people who work in agriculture and allied sectors; who operate small and micro enterprises; who provide services; who work for wages and commissions and other individual and groups at the local levels in developing countries both rural and urban areas. Self Help Groups (SHGs) consists of 15 – 25 members. The individual loans are determined by the volume of individual savings or by the group’s savings and interest rates are set by members. Micro Finance Institutions acts are facilitators between banks and Self Help Groups. Fisheries, is the only sector which offers cheap and good animal protein to the people, particularly to the economically weaker sections of the society and thereby it is in an advantageous position to ensure national food security.To sustain the efforts towards empowerment of fisheries in the State, the State Government has been implementing various schemes for the strengthening of the Fishermen Cooperatives. The Tamil Nadu State Apex Fisheries Cooperative Federation Limited (TAFCOFED) which has been operational since 1991is supervising the working of SHGs in the Fishingcommunity.In the new economic era, SHGshave emerged as a powerful instrument for poverty alleviation. The green, white and blue revolutions of the past have saved millions of people from starvation deaths and resulted in self-sufficiency. The current revolution is the micro-credit revolution.

365-376

Authors: Nitu Roy

Mid Day Meal (MDM ) is a well-known name for school meal programme, it provides free lunch on working days for the children of primary and upper primary classes. In this study, we try to assess the Nature and impact of MDM on Enrollment, and academic achievement of student in four selected upper primary schools of Howrah District in West Bengal. The study based on both primary and secondary data. The secondary data collected from various reputed government and other web sites, and for the collection of Primary Data, we select four schools of Howrah district and head Teacher and office Authorities provide data for this study. The result of field study reveals that MDM plays a significant role in the development of enrollment of student and academic achievement of student in this school.

387-394

Authors: Shivam Chaturvedi

Interpersonal communication is the part of communication. Communication skill is necessary for all. For the effective communication, expression is most important. Communication is the process of expression of ideas or thought or subject, etc. Interrelationship is important in every human life. It is a process gives and take. The expression is an equally important messenger and receiver. Good communication always maintains the best relation. In this article we investigate how I can maintain interpersonal relationship and how can maintain effective communication. I also recognize that whose factor responsible for effective communication and how can make effective our communication. Identifies the element of effective communication. Suitable element makes a success of communication. If properly not use element in communication, then we cannot understand another person. Between two people understanding is necessary for the effective communication. if we are not car barrier to effective communication, never success in interpersonal communication. My aim is knowing how maintains an interpersonal relation by effective communication.

401-406

Authors: Abida Ahsan & Bilal Ahmad Dar

Dairying is the potential source of additional income of the people of Jammu and Kashmir State, especially for the rural people. This is considered an effective instrument for improving the economic conditions of rural families, particularly those of the small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers. Besides increasing the income of the people, this sector helps in increasing the crop production by providing the drag power and organic manure on regular basis. Therefore reliance on the dairy sector has become an inevitable process in J&K economy. This sector not only generates income and employment in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, but also supplements the varied nutritional requirements of the individuals. Milk production in Jammu and Kashmir is steadily increasing from 2245.26 thousand MTs in 2014-15 to 2400.47 thousand MTs in 2015-16. There is 7 percent increase in the production of milk in the State from 2014-15 to 2015-16. The per capita milk consumption is 378 grams per day, which is well above the national average of 256 grams.

421-426

Authors: Srashti Srivastava

‘Women Wiles’ is the story written by one of the great French writers, Guy de Maupassant, who has well depicted the conflicts existing in the personality of a woman. The expectations and desires of the type of life, one finds happiness in enfolding the luxuries of the world. The wiles of the lady reflected in the story, her personality diverts between the firm convictions of materialistic delights and curious wiles for comfort which she herself is befuddled about. The wants and desires to be cherished or to agree to something of this sort are far taken to the back front of her space to exist. Her narration has been the weapon utilized as a part of her universe of creation that she adored for her reality. The agony or joy reflected in her craft of living is in fact, a curiosity that perusers will discover as they comprehend the story and a part distinct from the whole point of view of the writer. Faith, as an advanced idea in the excursion of development, is all around reflected from the identity of the woman in the story. Despite the fact that she was trusted upon by her amour yet she got the perverted delight in abusing the underlying thought of faith or trust. The dauntlessness to be seen is in the reality she never denied the claim that she never took undue favor of trust. The rest stays to the perusers to discover. This research is an endeavor to investigate the goals specified above to change into scholarly reality.