IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature

7-12

Authors: Mydhili Kurup & R. Hariharan

The present paper classifies the status of women empowerment in terms of economic empowerment social empowerment and political empowerment. The economic and social empowerment cannot be differentiated in separate terms as they are overlapped each other in certain areas. The social empowerment fastened the lead to economic empowerment by way of social literacy. The knowledge about the rights and privileges and about the political system made them more enthusiastic and optimistic.

25-34

Authors: Rajat Halder

Panihati Municipality with a population about 377347 (2011 Census) is the 4 most populous municipality located in North 24 Parganas district of the state of West-Bengal. It covers an area of 19.43 sq. km. which is divided into 35 administrative wards. The growth of population in the study area has undergone variation from decade to decade. The growth rate was 57.92 percent in 1971 and decreased to 8.30 percent in 2011. The number of the female per thousand male was very low, i.e. 751 in 1961 and it is increased to 992 in 2011. The density of population has also been increased and it is 19421 persons per sq. km. in 2011. 94 percent of the whole populations are from general caste, 5 percent are from scheduled caste and 1 percent is scheduled tribes. Child population (aged under 6 years) of the study area is 7 percent. There are 85985 households in the city and an average 4.4 persons live in every family. The general literacy rate has registered by 85.54 percent and it was 79.39 percent in 1991 in the study area. Along with demographic characteristics the employment structure of the study area has changed over the year. The size of total workers either main or marginal workers has increased from 29.82 percent in 1961 to 34.82 percent in 2011 and 99.65 percentage of workers engaged in other than primary sector. The male work participation rate (male workers to total male population) has registered by 57 percent in 2011. The female work participation rate has increased from 2.06 percent in 1961 to 12.31 percent in 2011. T

41-50

Authors: M. M. Rakhmatova

A present article which deals with comparative characteristics of the concept ‘beauty’ in Uzbek and English languages will pave the way to a more accurate and distinct imagination of the system of evaluative priorities which meanwhile will also assist in understanding Uzbek linguoculture and in accurate translation of phrases and proverbs in two different language societies.

59-68

Authors: Abid Sultan

The state of Jammu and Kashmir is bestowed with rich natural scenic environment, natural resources, water bodies, pleasant climate, etc. The state offers huge economic and entrepreneurial opportunities for the tourism industry. The state has endeavored to leverage upon its tourism opportunities by developing various tourist destinations across its three regions i.e. Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh. However, the geopolitical situation prevailing in the state and changing dynamics of the tourism industry across the world has hindered the growth and development tourism industry in J&K. The tourism entrepreneurs are struggling for the survival and growth. The tourism industry of Jammu and Kashmir requires strategic re-orientation for keeping momentum with the changing industry standards at the international and national levels. This requires focusing on the industry with a strategic perspective and analyzing industry through new dimensions like destination attractiveness. Destination attractiveness forms an underlying premise in increasing the performance of the tourism industry, especially in developing nations like India. It is an important element for attracting tourists for the vacations/recreation. The present study attempts to understand the tourism industry of Jammu and Kashmir in an inclusive manner and analyze the attractiveness of tourist destination of the Kashmir region. The study has selected Srinagar district of Kashmir region for this purpose. The study is exploratory in nature and based upon the primary data collected through well-structured questionnaire. The results of the present study can be very much beneficial for the stakeholders as well as tourism entrepreneurs for infusing the growth and development in the struggling tourism industry of J&K. The study can also be valuable to the policymakers for drafting a specific policy initiative for ,the tourism industry of J&K.

77-80

Authors: Mukesh Saha

A finance related market is an expansive term depicting any commercial center where purchasers and merchants take an interest in the exchange of benefits, for example, values, securities, financial forms, and subsidiaries. Money related markets are regularly characterized by having straightforward estimating, fundamental controls on exchanging, expenses and charges, and market powers deciding the costs of securities that exchange. Financial markets can be found in almost every country on the planet. Some are little, with just a couple of members, while others - like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the forex markets - exchange trillions of dollars day by day. Speculators approach an extensive number of money-related markets and trades speaking to a huge swath of financial items. Some of these business sectors have dependably been available to private speculators; others remained the restrictive area of significant global banks and money related experts until the very end of the twentieth century.

93-96

Authors: Mukesh Saha

A mutual fund is a speculation vehicle made up of a pool of funds gathered from numerous speculators to invest in securities, for example, stocks, securities, currency market instruments and different resources. Mutual funds are worked by proficient cash directors, who allot the reserve's speculations and endeavor to deliver capital increases as well as salary for the fund financial specialists. A mutual fund's portfolio is organized and kept up to coordinate the speculation destinations expressed in its plan.

105-110

Authors: Kotra Balayogi & R. S. S. Nehru

Education for inclusion is a way of giving proper studies to those students with special educational requirements. In inclusive settings, physically challenged students to spend some or all of their time with normal students. It throws the implementation of special education schools or schools to avoid students with disabilities from students not having disabilities. The practice of implementation differs from one to one. Schools regularly implement the inclusive method for children with above average to average requirements of special needs students. Inclusive schools does not differ from normal studies and special needs education activities, the school is restructured so that all students learn together. Inclusive education differs from the integration or mainstreaming model of education, which tended to be concerned principally with disability and special educational needs, and learners changing or becoming ready for or deserving of accommodation by the mainstream. Inclusion is about the student's right to join and the school's role to take the student. By full participation by students with disabilities and upon respect for their social, civil, and educational rights. Feeling included is not limited to physical and cognitive disabilities, but also includes the full range of human diversity with respect to ability, language, culture, gender, age and of other forms of human differences. Student performance and behavior in educational tasks can be profoundly affected by the way we feel, we are seen and judged by others. When we expect to be viewed as inferior, our abilities seem to diminish. This paper explores some of the beliefs, policies, and practices that are contributing to schools becoming more inclusive and responsive to the diversity of students’ academic, social and personal learning needs. These beliefs, policies, and practices are having positive effects on the engagement and learning and learning of all students and are providing the evidence that highly inclusive schools are highly effective schools.

119-128

Authors: Rufai Musiliu Dada, Olaniyonu Solomon Oladapo A., Mohammed Mubashiru Olayiwola B. & Akinola Folasade Serifat

Quality assurance in higher educational institutions has become a major concern among higher institutions of learning. This is so especially in this modern era where, quality-driven initiatives continue to remain high on the agenda of many educational institutions. The pressure on higher institutions in terms of demand and the limited expansion in physical facilities and academic staff to cater for this demand seems to have taken a great toll on the quality of programmes in the institutions. Despite of the efforts and the availability of internal measures in Nigeria higher educational institutions and the external functions of Accreditation Agencies through the use of Minimum Academic Standard (MAS) document, accreditation and other measures put in place to ensure qualitative education, the institutions appear still to be grouping in the dark in offering quality education to the citizenry. The population of the study consisted of the of all the lecturers and undergraduate students of conventional public Higher Institutions in Lagos State. Data collected using two self developed questionnaires were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of hypothesis three indicated that there exists a statistical significant difference in the state of educational facilities among public Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of education in Lagos State towards the realization of quality assurance. The analysis was significant, F (2, 312) =11.274, p =.000. The results shows that quality assurance cannot be achieved without adequate educational facilities

139-156

Authors: Madhukumar. K & Deepak. K. V

Loyal customers are considered to be the key to survival and success in many service businesses, in particular in the hospitality, insurance, and financial sectors. The assumption is that with customer satisfaction; loyalty, retention, and profitability will automatically follow. The current thinking is that the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty is more complex than was originally proposed, however. As commoditization of many service offerings continues, new sources of competitive differentiation/advantage will come from focusing on the management of customer experiences. Because loyalty is so very important to the survival and profitable growth of a company, measuring it becomes all the more important. Existing approaches to the measurement of loyalty have not proved to be very effective in this task. This study explores and tests the relationship between experience and loyalty. This paper attempts to summarize the results of the literature review on customer experience on towards the services of a bank from various perspectives. Factor analysis, mean and ANOVA was carried out to assess the relationship. The study indicates the strong relationship between customer experience with the overall feeling trust and their satisfaction and in turn, it is helpful in delighting the customer. Some of the suggestions have drawn on the basis of the study.

161-166

Authors: Shyla Abraham

The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point however, is to change it-Karl Marx, Eleven Theses on Feuerbach. India is a burgeoning economy moving in the fast lane towards a global power in the arena of economic progress. Diplomats go out of their way dispensing olive branches to the high and mighty in their endeavor to sign pacts and treatises to bring in foreign currency and investments into the Indian soil. But under this veneer of sophistication, lies a hard bitter truth that is often brushed under the carpet- the state of the real India which lies buried in the mire of caste, poverty, exploitation, and corruption. The underbelly of the society is in a state of putrid decay. Even after nearly seventy years of independence, the society has not been able to shake off the mantle of colonialism and India that the world sees is just a dolled up mannequin-the superstructure may be bright and elegant, but the foundation stands on flawed principles and conditions. The constitution declares India to be a socialist society, but the sad reality is that the ideological concept of servitude and inferiority is deeply ingrained in the psyche of the masses and the political fraternity go out of their way to consolidate and cement the bias in order to perpetuate their own selfish and vested interests. The problem lies not in solutions but the imbibing of the results of the Marxist way of thought and life. The proletariat needs to be given the status of human entities and not just be treated as vote banks. The paper is an attempt to analyze the presence and impact of a Marxist conduit of thought in the society.

177-182

Authors: Subhash Abel Kalarikkal & Vanitha Saran

Organisational studies have been using historical methods for a long time. Although in educational research, there are several organizational or community-based studies, there is a lack of use in historical approach. A researcher looks into environmental actors which are new to the environment and complex events are analyzed through historical studies. Thereby, researchers will analyze certain environmental actors and deduce assumptions, eventually leading to some specific interpretations. Since educational pedagogies can be affected by the cultural and situational factors, it is quite important that the researcher looks into the issues in a historical perspective as well along with contemporary factors. There are various studies conducted which had explained the need and relevance, however, the practical applications have been scarce in the field of Education. In the following article, researchers would like to provide a literature analysis of the use and process of historical methods, historical sources. Interpretations history and the steps involved in the historical research are also explained in detail.

191-198

Authors: Urvashi Sharma , Rableen Kaur Rao & Sohan Lal

Culture is the acquired knowledge that people use in order to interpret experience and generate social behavior. Culture help the organization to deal with external adaptation problems and internal integration. Culture forms values within the organization, creates an attitude and influences the behavior of the individuals. The aim of this paper is to show through a questionnaire the impact of organizational culture on its employees and overall performance of the organizations and institutions.

207-214

Authors: Bitam Sadokpam & T. K. Bera

Research reviews indicate that working memory has a "short-term store" in human brain and is forgettable if the work is not continuously repeated within a gap of certain period. Various ways and means are available so far to improve one’s memory power, but no research-based information is available till-date for improving the span of working memory. In fact, working memory is a mind-body complex and there is a need to improve homeostasis of such complexity. Nowadays, ample of researches indicate that yoga helps to improve the homeostasis between the human body, mind and spirit, which may in turn improve working memory. This study was, therefore, undertaken to find out the impact of the training of yogic exercises on working memory in obese people. Sixty obese female (n=60), age: 40-50 yrs., from different nearby housing societies in Pune (India), were randomly divided into two groups viz., 30 experimental and 30 control. The obese subjects were selected on the basis of their BMI (Body Mass Index). The level of working memory was assessed by employing self-made (standardize) questionnaire during pre-test, post-test and follow up test. Yoga exercise training was imparted to the experimental group for a period of 6 months, whereas the controlled subjects did not participate in the said program. The result of t-test revealed that the yoga exercises, training for three months was significantly effective in improving the level of working memory (t=3.72, p<0.05) and during follow-up trend of such improvement was gradually declined (t=3.69, p<0.05) whereas the controlled group could not. This result, in turn, suggests that yoga exercise program has a long term effect in maintaining the span of working memory among the female obese.

225-228

Authors: Sanjit Kumar Dash

It is a tough task to set the right price for a product or service.Elasticity can be described as the degree of impact of change in the price of a firm on the demand of the product and on the price of competitor’s product?The concept of residual price elasticity introduces competitive dynamics in the pricing process. It incorporates competitor reactions and cross elasticity. This, in turn, helps explain why prices in daily life are rarely set at the optimal level suggested by a simpler view of elasticity. Marketers consciously or unconsciously factor competitive dynamics into their pricing decisions. It’s a combination of 3 Factors like Own Price Elasticity, Competitor Reaction Elasticity, and Cross Elasticity. Many a time we discuss the elasticity, taking other factors as constant, which is not practically applicable in real life situation. From the example, it is evident that competitor reactions and cross elasticity are expected to reduce the firm’s initially projected sales increase.

243-258

Authors: Deepti Sharma & Nilaish

Growing massive need for enhanced learning capability through the use of useful teaching pedagogy is a very big challenge. In this paper, we conducted empirical research to understand issues and challenges in the applications. We used different teaching pedagogy through mnemonics in learning vocabulary, calculus and numerical computations on 16 random sample of Bachelor of Technology students. The issues and challenges are inferred from descriptive statistics. The findings are interesting to note with regards to different subjects (English and Mathematics). The use of mnemonics for teaching the multi-disciplinary subject is questionable and insightful. A very good scope of further research in this area is highlighted to extend the scope of understanding.

269-276

Authors: Anjali Mondal

It is very critical situation that rising in temperature is the cause of more electricity consumption. It is captured in data that temperature is increasing every decade. That means, power consumption is increasing very rapidly keeping population constant. This study is a review of such articles. Additionally, one experiment is done to measure the increased power supply due to increase in temperature and luxury life-style.

285-288

Authors: Sikata Panda

Climate change has been in the news recently as it is affecting the whole biotic community. The unplanned industrialization taking place all over the world has led to rampant forest degradation and an imbalance in the biosphere. It is maintained in the form of global warming and acid rain. So leaders across the world, realizing its gravity want to protect the climate. Their dilemma lies in the fact that concern for the environment is coming in the way of development which is mostly assessed in terms of rate of industrialization. Hence, resort to climate diplomacy to protect environment vis-à-vis their national interest. In this context India known to be a lesser pollutant emitting country with a long track record of having eco-friendly policies is in an advantageous position to give a new direction to “climate diplomacy.”

295-298

Authors: Akhmedova Shoira Nematovna

One of the prominent Uzbek writers is Zulfiya Kurolboy kizi, who is the author of "Life," "Angel of evil," "Death is nothing," and "Armon asirasi"(Captive of an unfulfilled wish) should be emphasized. He also starred in a film titled "Lightning the Midnight". She is a screenwriter for the film "The Writer of the Year", the scriptwriter of the Fidyali series, and the "Female" performance at the Uzbek State Drama Theater. The well-known critic Omar ali Normatov analyzes the novels and stories in the article "The Wisdom of the Heart," writes: "Zulfiya's narratives, which were once ignorant of criticism, "In terms of intellectual influence, it is not excluded from the purely socially oriented works [1].." These remarkable literary critics are proud of their literature. The independence of Uzbekistan is a violation of the views of Uzbek literature about genres and is characterized by the fact that the works are not based on theoretical foundations. Indeed, freedom of creation is only "what you write," but not how to write. As you wish, writing allows you to get creative experiences. The "Armon asirsi" (Captive of unfulfilled wish) is a work that is distinguished from this point of view. It does not seem that "roman thinking" is obvious. The game reflects the common anxieties of ordinary people. The novel describes the devastating fate of those who are trying to make their own existence, but who are trying hard to see their day, but not the greatest social phenomena at the decisive stage of national historical development.

315-318

Authors: Anjali Mondal

Human behavior is very uncertain, especially in the workplace. It is very important to analyze such behavior. A common question may arise that these kinds of behaviors are predictable or not. This study will review such methods, already exist in the literature. Additionally, the human behaviors are to be analyzed with the help of fuzzy logic.

335-340

Authors: Jigna Parsania & Manish Padia

Since last forty years and so, reading skills attracts the attention of educationalists, teachers, researchers and students due to its role in academic achievements and success in one’s life. There lies a mutual relationship between student’s academic success and mastery over the reading skills. However, it is found out that sometimes students, as well as teachers, take this basic skills for granted and adopted only surface approach towards reading skills and academic reading materials. This paper aims to clear the importance of teaching reading skills for the first year engineering students and explain the need and role played by reading skills in student’s life and academic success and how to achieve it.

347-352

Authors: Pradeep Kumar Pal , Neera Saini & H. H. Awasthi

Marmas are the points which lie in our whole body. According to Ayurvedic literature at these points, the Prana (Jivaniya Shakti/ Vital energy) situated naturally. Acharya Sushruta (Ayurvedic, surgeon of an ancient period) has described very nicely in the separate chapter known as Marma Sharira in Sharira Sthana. The science of Marma was extended by the physician and surgeons of ancient period to prevent death. A basic concept of Marma and concept of Chakras in Yoga and meridian system in acupressure /acupuncture resemble with each other closely. Marma can be viewed as the meridian points system of Ayurveda, that corresponding to visceral organs, a combination of vast structures i.e. nerves, artery, veins, bones and their joints and interconnected bodily systems. Description of Vidhura Marma by Acharya Vagbhatta has been done under Dhamani Marma, belongs to head region the most dangerous region of the body prone to deadly injuries. Anatomical structures may involve in this are the tympanic membrane, vestibulocochlear nerve, stylomastoid artery, facial nerve, mastoid air cells etc. Any sharp injury at this level causes permanent deafness.

359-364

Authors: Arti Sharma

Gender inequality in health in Indian society has its roots in the traditional practices and norms defined by patriarchal structures. The definitions of health for men and women are different where women’s health and nutritional status is not given importance. The main causes of poor health conditions of women are girl child discrimination, less breastfeeding duration, less play and more workload, less medical attention, less nutrition, and early marriage. Gender differences also exist in the distribution of food in the household, preventive care and use of healthcare facilities. The health of women depends on a number of social, cultural and economic factors. The biological differences between men and women lead to differential healthcare requirements. There is a need to expand healthcare services in other specific areas and also for different categories of women. All efforts to improve the status of women should also focus on eliminating gender inequalities in health. The study is based on primary data collected through interview schedule and informal interviews. The paper examines the reasons for and consequences of gender disparities in health. An attempt has been made to put forth certain strategies to accommodate differential health needs of women.

375-384

Authors: Nagaraju Kaja

Building industry is one of the largest consumers of energy and thus has a high potential of saving the consumption as well. Currently, the residential and commercial sectors account for 30% (22% residential and 8% commercial) of total electricity use and consumption in these sectors is rising at 8% annually (Dr Satish Kumar, USAID ECO - III Project, 2011). As energy consumption from residential buildings is predicted to raise by more than eight times by 2050 under the business as usual scenario, it is of vital importance for India to develop energy-efficiency strategies focused on the residential sector to limit the current trend of unsustainable escalating energy demand (Residential buildings in India, projections and saving potential, 2014). The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has carried out energy audits in buildings which show that existing buildings have 30 to 50 percent energy savings potential. This paper tries to understand the energy consumption in residential sector and the ways to optimize it through the identification of suitable electrical equipment and appliances. This paper studies the energy consumption pattern in residential sector in India and tries to explore the possibilities of energy optimization.

391-402

Authors: Prosenjit Pal

The region of South Asia has been one of the most strategically relevant, and at the same time, vulnerable, in the realms of International Politics. The most profound factor which has perhaps underlined the entire concept of regionalism in the subcontinent has been India’s overarching presence, and the ‘fear psychosis ‘generated in the minds of her smaller neighbors The simmering tensions in the anvil of the region has also impeded the progress of the regional institution, the SAARC. And, without a doubt, it is India’s relations with her neighbors, which has been the catalyst in determining the various contours of the politico-economic-socio-cultural-institutional framework in the subcontinent. The present study seeks to analyze the nature, functioning and the institutional reformulation of the SAARC, and thereby seek to recommend measures that can be utilized for diluting the sources of conflict and ink/sketch a better and durable future course for South Asian regionalism. The paper researches the typical Track-I solutions that have been and can be utilized for conflict resolution and be cementing peace and stability in the region and augment the spirit of regionalism in South Asia. In the last part, the paper analyses the prospects of Track IV/V methods of alternative diplomatic initiatives, especially the possible role of media images and citizen diplomacy etc in engendering durable peace or at least attempt to seek a way out of the perenniality of conflict in the South Asian region. The paper enquires into the role of media images in the context of South Asian regionalism, and the inherent anti-Indianism and perenniality of conflict in the region especially harping on the prospective alternative role of media and citizen diplomacy and Track IV/V diplomatic initiatives and their viability in the betterment of the same. The research question is whether media images can act as a platform for citizen diplomacy, how it can play a better integrative role than already attempted Track-I/II endeavours and initiate peace initiatives, step-by-step, with the NGOs, Women’s Groups etc working in tandem, in order to smoothen political rigidities, reduce trust deficit, breed spirit of cooperation, connect with the people across the borders.

417-430

Authors: Sanjay Kaushik & Namita Koul

Aim The paper examines the relationship between Personality Characteristics and Employee Performance. It also captures the perception of the employees for the effectiveness of considering personality types while recruiting an employee and during evaluation of employee performance. Methodology The study included 120 employees working at various levels of the three Knowledge Process Outsourcing Companies (KPO’s- Evaluate, Evalueserve, Smart Analyst). Personality Characteristics was measured with the help of Five-Factor model and Job performance was assessed in the Task and Citizenship Performance with a structured questionnaire. Simple random sampling was used. Findings The study findings suggest a significant positive association between Personality Characteristics and Job performance. The Extraversion and Conscientiousness dimensions of personality were observed to have considerable influence on employee performance. Implications The findings of the present study would provide valuable insight for management to adopt various and effective practices to consider the management of employees having different personality characteristics in their workplace. Originality/Value The study tests the relationship between Personality Characteristics and Job performance in the market research industry. A significant positive relationship between some Personality Characteristics and Job performance has been established. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind undertaken for this industry. Limitations The study was limited to KPO’s in Gurugram only which may limit the generalizability of the results to the other industries and geographical locations. The self- reported measures of the constructs were used which can lead to the natural or single-source bias that influences the results.

439-444

Authors: Mohammad Afzal & Shamim Ahmad

This write-up explores the awareness and use of technology-mediated instructional tools and services among postgraduate students. As part of this academic inquiry, postgraduate students have considerably favorable moderate awareness towards technology-mediated instruction with hardly any difference found between a) male and female; b) rural and urban; and c) with Internet access and without Internet access at home. To mention a few, technology mediated instructional tools and services i.e. e-resources, smartphone, computer lab, YouTube, blogs, Email, Instant messaging, Social networking, etc. are used by the students for learning and more importantly communicating with students’ groups. The analysis of the study also recognizes technology-mediated instruction as an innovatively integrated provision of curriculum transaction promoting collaborative learning activities in the classroom and beyond.

451-458

Authors: M.N. Mohamedunni Alias Musthafa & Shareef N. M

Introduction: The specific aim of this paper is to find out the needs of career guidance programmes at the primary school level. For this, to find out the existing awareness level, the investigators conducted a survey using Career Awareness Scale developed for the purpose. After identifying the existing level, the research attempt focused to find out the prospects and hindrances of career planning at primary level. For this data was collected from the different stakeholders to ensure a multiple lines of approach and to reveal their specific perceptions. It is concluded that the main hindrance for the downward extension of career planning at primary level is the lack of awareness among the parents together with conceptual lacuna exist among teachers. The authors suggest a career orientation programme for a duration of two weeks the effectiveness of which was established as a part of this research adopting a quasi-experimental design. Methods: The investigator followed the single group experimental method. The assessment tool (CAS - Career Awareness Scale) and model (CPOM - Career Planning Orientation Model) was developed by the researcher. These tools was used for content validation. The Reliability tested through test-retest method Results: From the research, we identified a high level of career awareness among primary school students was only 7.1% in before the treatment. And after treatment, it was 30.96 %. There is a significant difference in pretest and posttest of the primary school students in their career awareness scale scores because the obtained ‘t’ value (14.78) was more than the critical value at both levels of significance (0.05 and 0.01 levels). While comparing the Boys and girls, the obtained ‘t’ value (0.941) are less than the critical value at both levels of significance (0.05 and 0.01 level). It was shown there is no significant difference between boys and girls students in career awareness scale scores. Conclusion: We used a career awareness scale with the 30 items for pretest and post-test. We used two-week training model (CPOM- Career Planning Orientation Model) for enhancing career awareness among primary school students. The findings of the study have reflected the unexcavated nature of the primary level of schooling with respect to career planning. The study asserts the need for promoting a culture of SWOT analysis among the learners. Irrespective of the gender both male and female students are to be fostered. There should be an urgent call for reorganizing the educational culture and a shift in career planning

469-474

Authors: Rinu Jose & Sreeja. S

Pepper is produced in the tropical regions of the world. The major producers of pepper in the world are Vietnam, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Srilanka etc. Pepper cultivation is concentrated on the Western Ghats in India. Kerala and Karnataka are the major pepper producing states in India. The present study examines the production and marketing of pepper in Kerala. The empirical results of the study show that there has been a decline in the area, production, and productivity of pepper in Kerala. There was negative growth rate in the area, production, and productivity during 2001-16. The marketing cost was found higher in Channel-5 and lowest in Channel-1. The price spread was higher in Channel-5 and lowest in Channel-3. Producers should be given more access to credit facilities which will reduce their reliance on non- institutional sources and increase their bargaining power.

481-486

Authors: Islom Ural Ugliminnikulov

The article is dedicated to the study of differentiated and individualized instruction. Firstly, it deals with the theoretical assumptions of the study and then suggests practical implications of the article, as a practical part, it proposes the sample of the differentiated and individualized lesson designed on the basis of the differentiation and individualization principles. It suggests differentiating and individualizing English lessons according to learner needs such as readiness level, multiple intelligence and learning styles.

501-512

Authors: Priyanka Tyagi & Ravindra K. Pande

In this paper, the author has focused on accounting the status of women in households of Ukhimath block in Rudraprayag District of Uttarakhand through a household survey. Villages selected for the survey are worse affected in 2013 Uttarakhand tragedy. It is seen that there is a need to focus on group-specific approach to disaster management and a neutral approach will not fulfil the motive of disaster management. To eliminate the gender gap from disaster management there is a great need to focus upon the pre-disaster activities and bearing in mind the effective pre-disaster activities, there will be an effective post-disaster response which will lessen the gender gap in disaster management.

525-532

Authors: Gaybullaeva Nafisa Izzatullaevna

The article discusses some euphemisms used in the speech of a doctor and their role in verbal and non-verbal communication.

537-544

Authors: Syed Eesar Mehdi

This paper focuses on the response to colonialism in the thought and philosophy of Kwame Nkrumah, Frantz Fanon, and Amilcar Cabral. It argues that these thinkers thought about colonialism as a pattern of domination that produced economic imbalances, racial discrimination, and cultural superiority by subjugating the colonizer. In this process of responding to colonialism, they challenged and, at the same time, revised the dominant definitions of race, culture, language and created an intellectual niche for themselves. This paper argues that by re-inventing Kwame Nkrumah, Frantz Fanon and Amilcar Cabral’s critique of colonialism, an attempt can be made to debunk the various forms of colonialism that are operating in the continent of Africa.

549-554

Authors: A. Krishnamoorthi & R Jeyanthi

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of interventional strategies for enhancing drawing skills among standard VII students. It is a pre-test- treatment- post-test equivalent group experiment study. The samples of the study were 50 students of standard VII. Samples were divided into two groups like 25 students grouped as experimental and another 25 students as the control group by using an equivalent matching technique. The investigator developed interventional strategies for enhancing drawing skills in a science subject. The data were analyzed using t-test and gap closure technique. The major findings of the study revealed that the i) the post-test performance of the experimental groups is greater than that of control group, i.e. the interventional strategies are effectiveness one to enhancing drawing skills among standard VII students.

559-566

Authors: A. Lakshmi Narayana & K. Dasarada Rami Reddy

Newspapers help to improve reading habits, knowledge, and awareness. They can be part of good study habits for students in any area of specialization. India is a developing country with many ethnic communities who wish to live together. Efforts to solve cultural adaptation problems should be multi-dimensional and long term. Reading and library use habits have an important role in building the multicultural structure in a country. According to Stadler (1980), reading.