International Journal of Social Sciences and Management

54-62

Authors: Sreejini Jaya

Cities throughout the world, no matter from developed or developing countries, had acted as foci of attraction for people from resource-poor settings. The co-existence of advantages and disadvantages of city life creating urban disparities is an interesting phenomenon. The research questions driving this synthesis are based on health inequities in urban areas in low and middle income countries (LMICs) with a special focus on India, on the extent of urban health inequities, the dimensions of urban health inequities and the factors associated with, or pathways and mechanisms driving urban health inequities. Based on an assessment of each article as to whether it describes a health gap, seeks to identify correlates or determinants of the gaps or to unravel pathways and mechanisms contributing to urban health inequities, we have come up with a framework of inter-connected factors contributing to urban health inequities. We found that undeniably urban health inequity was directed and shaped by urban governance, inequitable urban living environment which includes the physical and social environment, urban service delivery component of the health system and other public service delivery systems and ultimately how the above-said factors have an effect on the urban poor beneficiary in creating such health inequities. This proposed network of inter-connected linkages in urban health inequities provides a detailed knowledge of the various factors influencing urban health inequities and how these operate in generating the inequity share.

75-81

Authors: Sobia Hameed, M. Hussain

Introduction: The practical environment is described as the surrounding environments in which an employee works. Nurses practical environment control the delivery of nursing care. It is also important for nurses to develop a awareness about their own perception about working environment that have a positive impact on their performance and enhance the patients’ satisfaction. Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate Nurses perception of practical environment relationship with patient satisfaction in Government Hospital Lahore. Methodology: Descriptive correlational study design used for study. Sample size Sixty nurses (n=60) and one thirty-three patients (n=133) were selected for study. The tool used for this study included a demographic data, Practice Environment scale Nurse Work Index (PES-NWI) developed by Dr. Eileen Lake (2002), and 2nd tool for patient satisfaction the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Provides and Systems (HCAHPS) survey for patients developed by (Long, 2012) used for the study. Results: The results of the study showed the significance positive correlation between the nurse perception and patients’ satisfaction about practical environment. Conclusion: This study concludes that the nurse's perception about nurse practical environment and patient satisfaction from hospital environment show positive relationship. The perception of nurses and patients significantly correlated with practical environment. Healthy environment positive effect on patient satisfaction. Good nursing care enhance patient satisfaction by hospital environment and they will cure early.