International Journal of Social Sciences and Management

72-75

Authors: Santosh Kumar Karn

The purpose of the paper is to highlight the opportunities and challenges faces the microfinance sector in Nepal. Many developmental programs implemented in Nepal, microfinance programs have a strong rural orientation and are targeted at the poor. Numerous challenges are ahead of this sector like lack of accessibility, unhealthy competition, seasonal migration, political unawareness, excluding vulnerable groups, threatening the financial discipline, resource constraints, low level of knowledge. of micro finance institutions (MFIs) etc. On the other hand, the rapid increase in poverty in Nepal, along with other opportunities, is paving way for the growth of this sector and offering a huge market potential for microfinance. On this basis the sector presents a lot of opportunities such as: stimulating growth of economy, women empowerment, increasing volume, accessibility and outreach, economics of scope etc.

83-88

Authors: La Ode Munawir, Rachmad Safa’at, Tunggul Anshari Setia Negara, Imam Koeswahyono

Village head act as mediator in solving villager’s dispute. However, on the other hand, village head act as implementer of village governance. Therefore, questions arise concerning why village head should become the mediator in solving villagers’ dispute, concerning mediator should be neutral side in reconciliate all related parties. Method used in this study was normative legal research with philosophical approach, concepts, cases, history and statute approach. Theories and concepts used in this dissertation includes legal objectives theory, authorization theory, dispute solving theory. Results and discussion: Consideration of village head given obligation as mediator in solving villager’s land rights dispute, village head act as implementer of village governance, with the authority given by statute and authority based on origins, village head acts as the village reconciliation judge. The existence of village governance was very close with the villagers itself starting from the head’s involvement in land registration process until it was presume that village head was knowledgeable concerning land history within the village border. However, on the other hand, village head has many authorities that should be implemented.

98-112

Authors: Jamel Zran, Moez Ben Messaoud

A large proportion of the media around the world, especially those related to radio and television, belong to the state. In principle at least, there are three different terms to talk about these types of media: (1). The public media that draws on the treasury to present programming that is in the interest of the general population. They do not support any political party, not even the party in power. (2). National media owned by the state and using the treasury money, are also controlled directly by the state. (3). Government media that is owned by the ruling party and uses the treasury money, are also controlled by the ruling party. These three models coexist already in the Arab world since independence. This phenomenon almost removed the clear distinction that existed in principle between the government media and the public media. After the Arab Spring in 2011, however, this distinction remains important. The public broadcaster model was based on a principle that is still justified for most of the world and that the private media alone can not guarantee the pluralism of broadcasting. The problem, however, is that the government media have also largely failed. In several countries, the arrival of private media has pushed governments to exercise editorial control of the public media. The discussion of media regulation is aimed primarily at ensuring that the media financed by the Public treasury exercise their profession with the full independence of the government of the day to which they are entitled, rather than aiming to restrict the freedom of the media that already enjoy full editorial independence. In the Arab world, there have been some attempts to recover and modernize the ideal model of public media, as for example the case of Tunisia, Morocco and Jordan. This study aim to search if the Arab broadcasting meet the recognized standards and the requirements of the concept of public service?

125-137

Authors: Tariq Ullah, Rafi Ullah, Asad Khan, Jehan Zaib Khan, Syed Shahabudin Jan

The purpose of the research was to explore the factors that affect the performance of nurses in Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital Lahore. The Research Design was quantitative descriptive. The population consisted of all categories of nurses working Nawaz Sharif Social Security Hospital Lahore works seven days in a week. The Stratified Random sampling technique was used to obtain the sample. Data were collected by means of designed performance instrument questionnaires. The study revealed that nurses were dissatisfied with their work, something that had a tremendous influence on their performance.

146-154

Authors: Sumaira Aslam, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Sabir, Shumaila Aslam, Syed Amir Gilani

Background: The recognition behavior firmly impacts the job and an enormously essential factor for the restraint of burnout and the advancement of maintenance. Moreover, among inner factors that may influence workers’ emotional well-being, sense of coherence (SOC) is an essential impression from the perspective of the salutogenic hypothesis and stress recognition style. Objectives: To determine the Characteristics of the Nurse Manager's Recognition Behavior and its Relation to Sense of Coherence of Registered Nurses. Methodology: The study design is quantitative cross-sectional study The questioner of Characteristics of Nurse Manager’s Recognition Behavior and its Relation to Sense of Coherence of Registered Nurses was adopted from the article of Miyata, Chiharu (Miyata et al., 2014). This is based on 7-point Likert scale. The data was collected from 211 nurses of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Conclusion: This examination uncovered that recognition behavior of nurse managers were successful in enhancing the SOC of registered nurses. Hence, recognition behavior of managers is a practical advance towards enhancing nurses' capacity to adapt to pressure and, thusly, encourage self-acknowledgment. The capacity to adapt to pressure can be helped by managers who can utilize proper acknowledgment conduct, as requested for by registered nurses. This objective can be proficient by considering singular staff individuals, profession advancement as a pro and checking on nurse manager's responsibilities.

163-169

Authors: Rozia Malik, Muhammad Hussain, Hajra Sarwer, Muhammad Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani

Traditionally, Nursing students study human bioscience e.g. pathophysiology, microbiology, anatomy and physiology in their first and second year course. Nursing students are facing difficulties with bioscience learning. Hence, it’s essential for nursing students to keep in mind that bioscience understanding is very important throughout the research, and clinical practice. The PURPOSE of this study was to assess BSN students’ experiences regarding bioscience subject’s background and nursing education. A cross-sectional analytic study was done among 183 BSN (Generic) students February 2018 to May 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the required sample size. Data on individual characteristics of Bioscience learning experiences was collected by distributing semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical tool SPSS 21.0 was used for the analysis of collected data. Person correlation test used to determine the relationship between variables. In this study majority of BSN (Generic) students were considered bioscience subjects more challenging and time consuming. About 45.36% participants were agreed with there is more content required for bioscience compared with nursing subjects. BSN students (59.56%) were reported that bioscience related to nursing practice to gain better understanding for assessment. Majority of participants were reported that bioscience subjects more difficult as compared to nursing subjects. Bioscience relationship with nursing practices significantly correlated with clinical-relevant employment. In this type of research the area of improvement have been reviewed further knowledge available for those who will conduct the research on this topic in future.

187-191

Authors: Asma Anwar, Muhammad Hussain, Hajra Sarwar, Muhammad Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani

Introduction: The population has not been investigated extensively about understanding and perception about obesity and its complications. The aim of the study was to investigate the understanding, recognition and practice between overall population in the selected areas of Lahore related to obesity and its complications. Methods: The descriptive study which involved 100 respondents. The respondents from Hussain Abad Lahore were conveniently approached and recruited. A pre-approved, questionnaire was used for data accumulation. SPSS version 20 was used both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: From Out of the total 100 participants, 53% were females and 47% were males. Almost the half Participant 45% was in the age of 35years. Nearly 91% respondents don’t have idea about normal body mass index of adults. While 89% participants don’t know hormonal problems can lead the obesity. However 51% participants know that obesity can lead the heart problems. . Just about 52% participants were agreeing that when the person consumes extra calories than the individual burns obesity can occurs. 44% participants were agreed that psychological factors can influence the eating habits and obesity more over 36% are agreed that junk food takers are more susceptible to obesity. Only 3% participant checks their Body Mass Index (BMI) level. 26% change their eating habits, physical activity in order to maintain their physique and 11% takes of junk food. Conclusion: The respondents were more careful that obesity happens when a man expends a bigger number of calories than a man devours it. However the respondents know about obesity and its entanglements to some degree, their preparation towards weight isn't general which ought to be investigated later on for better human administrations, and prosperity comes about.

201-208

Authors: Sofia Naseem, Muhammad Afzal, Sana Sehar, Syed Amir Gilani

Introduction: Nurses are the “backbone” of any human services framework and their work is varied and extremely complicated. When carrying out their jobs, nurses faces different circumstances and patients, which are elements of the circumstances and patient level workloads. In addition, higher amount of nurse’s dissatisfaction prompts to leave out from the nursing profession. This generally creates staff shortage among nurses. Due to enhances extra time and job stress, increases burnout, longer patient holding up records, lastly, as an outcome expanded displeasure among patients Leadership is the way toward impacting representatives to accomplish organizational goals and objectives Methods: This analytical, cross-case study was conducted in public hospital of Lahore. Respondents ’selection was convenient sampling technique. Selected sample was 211 registered nurses. Well adopted questionnaire as per Likert scale was used in this study. Results: The finding of this study showed that caregivers prefer transformational styles of leaders to achieve optimal presentation of nurses. The results showed that there is statistically significance as p-value < 0.05 at all level of job satisfaction. Conclusions: A transformative leadership style promotes job satisfaction among nurses, which improves performance. Nurses job performance increased proportionally by increasing job satisfaction. In the current health system, it is necessary to develop leadership behaviors that have proven to be effective in the implementation of positive and adaptive behaviors among nurses.

219-224

Authors: Ambrin Shahzadi, Muhammad Hussain, Muhammad Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani

Introduction: Waste disposal is one of the major environmental problems in all over the world. Improper waste disposal causes breeding and may cause infectious diseases like cholera, small pox, and plague, etc. The knowledge of waste disposal is necessary for health of people’s. various study reveal that about 90% of people disposal of waste in open places and use the method of land filling, so increase the problems for health of public and the environment. The study has been carried out for the current status of waste disposal. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in rural area and 100 household peoples were the population. The Data collected by pre- tested questionnaire and direct interviewing the people about their routine waste disposal. Results: Majority of respondents (72.0%) was aware about adverse effects of improper waste removal and (28.0%) Respondent was not aware.95.0% of people have good attitude about waste disposal. Regarding practices most of respondent (52.0%) had the poor practices towards waste disposal and 41.0% had satisfactory practices. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding waste disposal in the most of respondents was found good and in Minimum of respondents having satisfactory knowledge. In spite of good knowledge, the respondents having poor Practices regarding waste disposal due to lack of awareness, unavailability of public dustbins.

231-235

Authors: Amna Habib, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Hussain, Aisha Naseer, Tayyuba Habib, Syed Amir Gilani

Introduction: Nursing is a very demanding career. In nursing work nurse’s work not only have tons of things to get done. Nurses scores in time management were more than those of men, with statistically significant difference: (p<0.05). There was a positive significant relationship between individual skills and organizational skills in time management (p<0.05). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting time management of professional nurses. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional analytic study was conducted at government hospital of Lahore. Data was collected from 211 registered nurses using convenient sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: There is statistically significant differences, in the significance level 0.05, of effective time management for nurses according to gender. Professional nurses spend much time in gossiping of both gender as (p <0.05), time allocated for socialization were more among female nurses Shortage of staff contributes poor time management towards patient care, working under pressure is significantly associated with poor patient care (p <0.05). Nurses spend much time using mobile phone is statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion: Time management is very crucial to the nurses and helps them to plan for their available time and use it to manage their tasks. This research identified and evaluated time management in professional nurses. Based on the results, it was found that shortage of staff contributes poor time management towards patient care, working under pressure affect patient care negatively, proper supervision will improve time management. It is also conclude that time management is necessary for medical workers, especially nurses. Thus, it would be interesting to conduct comparative cultural studies to better evaluate time management.