Herald of Almaty State Institute of Advanced Medical Education

17-22

Authors: Molchanova A.A., Greenberg V.B., Kushikov K.T.

The pathology of the thymus gland is well studied in pediatric pathological anatomy. Changes in its structure in different periods of human life determine the level of its immunity. At the same time, pathologists engaged in the pathology of adults, do not lose due attention to this body. The pathology of the thymus gland is clinically manifested in the form of two main groups of syndromes: syndromes associated with decreased function of the thymus gland due to its hypoplasia and atrophic changes, and syndromes reflecting the increase in its function due to the development of hyperplastic processes. The nature of clinical manifestations dependson the degree of manifestation of changes and the age at which they occur. The thymus gland is very sensitive to various hormonal influences.In our practice, the examination of the thymus gland is an obligatory part of the overall plan for the study of the corpse. Discovered the various variations of the thymus gland, often have a significant impact on the understanding of thanatogenesis in each specific case. The available observations make it possible to recommend practical doctors, to assume the presence of an actively functioning thymus gland, and to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency with an atypical clinical picture of injuries, allergic reactions in young patients, especially with frequent colds in the anamnesis.

33-41

Authors: Baymaratova M.A., Tyesova-Berdalina R.A., Kalmakhan А.В., Kenzhebekova A.M.

A brief analysis of modern and foreign literature on the problem of achievements in the diagnosis of acute intestinal infection, in particular, iersiniosis, is given. The purpose of this review of the literature was to synthesize the existing and classically known achievements of science. Of interest were: the epidemiology of acute intestinal infection of iersiniotic nature, from the standpoint of the microbiology of the pathogen, the characteristics of the clinical strains circulating in European countries and Russia, the combined course of iersiniosis with other intestinal infections, the taxonomic position of representatives of the genus Yersinia. Knowledge of the clinical features of yersiniosis, allow specialists of the para-service, correctly formulate a conclusion on the results obtained taking into account the biological characteristics of other etiopathogens. The mention of the taxonomic position of representatives of the genus Yersinia, emphasizing the results of the continuous improvement of the classification, which is unconditionally recognized not by all researchers; medical significance of three types: Y. Pestis (plague pathogen), Y. Pseudotuberculosis (causative agent of pseudotuberculosis) and Y. Enterocolitica (causative agent of iersiniosis) is a necessary component for hospital epidemiologists. Detection of Yersinia in environmental objects is very important information for the differentiation of infections associated with the provision of medical care, where the pathogen can not only survive, but also multiply in donor blood. Microbiological monitoring is the information base of modern epidemiology and allows influencing the effectiveness of epidemiological surveillance with elements of the forecast. Referring to the effectiveness of laboratory diagnostics, information is provided on the introduction of a series of diagnostic test systems designed for the verification of acute intestinal and secondary focal forms of yersiniosis.

48-54

Authors: Tuleutaev R.M, Abzaliev K.B, Ibragimov T.Yu., Enin E.A, Abilhanov Ye.Ye., Sydykov Ye.T.

At the timebeing, myoectomy represents the "gold standard" in the surgical treatment of the obstructive form of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The results of first operations showed positive clinical and hemodynamic effects in early and late periods. The average gradient of the left ventricular outflow tract during intraoperative period among 13 patients was 13 (+2) mm Hg, at the discharge on the 7-10 days - 7±2, and in the distant period - 8±2 mm.Hg. The systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve disappeared immediatelyin 84.6 % of patients, 92.3% of the patients showed an excellent result. When examined in 3, 6 and 12 months, all patients noticed significant improvements in the health condition and general well-being. Complaints disappeared and the mood improved. Ultrasound examination indicators were: the average BWW was 124.2±14 mL, CSR -46.4±4 mL, MZP 1.6+0.4, LLWL - 0.95+0.2. Application of the Morrow method of septal myoectomyresulted in the improvement of the quality of life leading to subsequentincrease in the life expectancy and the reduction of the risk of the sudden death.The following factors should be considered in the course of the procedure: protection of hypertrophied myocardium, improvement of visualization of the septal shaft, adequate excision of the output and papillary muscles, fastperformance of the operation(shortening of the time of artificial circulation).

59-63

Authors: Atezhanov D.O.

Hypoplasia of the teeth and poor hygiene of the oral cavity in preschool children with somatic pathology resulted in the growth of dental caries (in 70% of cases) andother diseases of periodontal tissues (in 29.6 % cases). To stabilize the carious process and to prevent the development of dental diseases, we used our own modification of remineralization therapy (remtherapy) with the domestic dentifrice "Remin". One-year course of the therapy consisted of 10 daily procedures, with 4 courses in total on a quarterly basis. The hygienic state of the oral cavity of healthy children was improvedin 93.3% cases in the following six months and was associated with a decrease in inflammation and bleeding in the gum area as well as with no new carious cavities developed. Moreover, results of the enamel resistance test to acids (TER - test) showed an increased resistance to acids.Thus, the domestic dentifrice "Remin" improved oral hygiene, increased enamel resistance, reduced inflammation; all these in turn ensuredits effectiveness at the stage of the white spot leading to thestabilization of further carious progression in the children with somatic pathologies.

68-76

Authors: Baymuratova M.A., Tyesova-Berdalina R.A., DoszhanovaSh.N., Sidtanova А.В., Baymuratova A.K., Ablyz S.S., Zhakanova G.A., Kenzhebekova A.M.

Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, summarizes the data on diagnosis, prevention of occurrence and spread of infection associated with the provision of medical care in health care institutions with emphasis on the need for timely and full identification for the implementation of epidemiological surveillance of all infections. Formulated the concern of the authors about the absence, among clinical doctors, vigilance in matters of the existing potential threat of exogenous contamination of patients and medical staff in the hospital environment, with subsequent destruction of the basic principle of infection associated with health care - security in any medical organization.One of the most important criteria for the quality of medical care is a infectious safety of medical-diagnostic process. In hospitals created a variety of dissemination mechanisms of infectious agents, unusual organisms the entrance gate and transfer factors contributing to the rapid spread of infection associated with the provision of medical care. Emphasizes the role of laboratory diagnostic methods, which are undoubtedly important sanitary survey, equally with the patients and health care workers. When decrypting an infection associated with health care-expands the list of medical institutions to be surveyed including medical hospitals, equally, outpatient clinics, health resort institutions, etc. The need for monitoring of the competence of doctors in the application of invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment and compliance with anti-epidemic regime in medical offices - an important component of the success of prevention.The study of official statistics dictate the need to study the level of occupational morbidity of employees of medical institutions, where there is a tendency to growth, which convinces us of the necessity to regularly identify and monitor episodes in all health facilities, regardless of the profile and form of ownership.

86-90

Authors: Eleshov D.Z., Zhumakaeva A.M., Rakhiinov K.D., Omarova I.M., Pogosyan G.P.

The search for metabolic markers, directly or indirectly associated with the body's response to the drug, is an urgent need in oncology. The purpose of this study is the use of modern computer technology that contributes to the prediction of metabolic processes in the body, as well as their interaction with the investigational drug. The material of the study is the preparation dimethylaminoarglabin hydrochloride, which has an antitumor effect. To determine the metabolic characteristics of the study drug in the body, a modern virtual prediction method based on the determination of active enzymes involved in the metabolism of drugs is used. Results. Enzymes that influence and participate in the metabolic processes of dimethylaminoarglabin hydrochloride are identified, and their potential role in the personalized therapy of malignant neoplasms is also shown.

95-100

Authors: Isamatov B.K., Abzaliyeva S.A., Beltenova A.G.

The analysis of the materials confirms that many researchers expressed the opinion that the projection of short and long axes passing through the parasitic pathway to determine the types of ligation of the ventricular artery and the pathology of the flow valve is genuine information. In some cases, 2-3 intraperitoneal parenteral access on the left side of the chest can be used to identify large roots and determine their orientation and relative location. Today the method of echocardiography is the main method of studying complex congenital heart diseases. Includes information needed to identify and diagnose a single heart valve, as well as to plan and conduct surgical treatment.