International Journal of Medical Laboratory

166-171

Authors: Farzaneh Mirzaei , Vahid Raissi , Aref Teimouri, Parisa Mousavi, Mohammad Ali Mohaghegh Mohaghegh , Mahdi Dehghan-manshadi , Fateme Zare, Bahman Rahimi Esboei *

Background and Aims: Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoa that is associated with vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis and other vaginal disorders. Current study aimed to evaluate the anti-Trichomonas activity of Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis, in vitro. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis were obtained by rotary evaporator. anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activities of the extracts in different concentrations were evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hr of incubation of the cultured media. Results and Conclusions: The data showed a significant difference between concentration and time regarding the Satureja hortensis and Medicago sativa extracts compared to the negative control (p<0.05). According to the results, the anti- trichomonas activity of the Medicago sativa and Satureja hortensis extracts may make it possible to use them in the treatment of trichomoniasis.

184-191

Authors: Saeed Zaker Bostanabad *, Hanieh Bagherifard

Background and Aims: Unlike many global efforts to eradicate tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium, it remains as a life-threatening infection with a worldwide incidence of 1.5 million cases each year. However, due to the lack of information about Mycobacterium tuberculosis characterization, more studies are required to evaluate strain diversity and epidemiology of tuberculosis to improve the therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to genotype the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from suspected patients in Tehran, Iran through 2015-2017. Materials and Methods: In the current study, 30 isolates (sputum, broncho-alveolar lavage and biopsy) were collected from different tuberculosis patients at Massoud Clinical Lab of Tehran from 2015 to 2017. To find the single nucleotide polymorphisms and mutated regions, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on all the isolates to amplify the katG and gyrA genes. Then, PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Results: The majority of isolates were assigned to PGG2 (90%), followed by PGG3 (10%) but no isolate belonging to PGG1 was found. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate a remarkable epidemiological pattern of tuberculosis in Tehran. In group 2, isolates showed a considerably higher frequency compared to isolates in group 3, which is consistent with other findings reported in Iran. However, in contrast to other Iranian studies, no isolated strains were categorized in principal PGG1.

199-206

Authors: Kourosh Kabir, Hassan Hosseini, Mehdy Jahed Zargar, Zeynab Mandeh, Fatemeh Amrollahi, Navid Farahmandian, Elham Bahreini *

Background and Aims: Hemophilia is a rare autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibodies directed in the majority of the cases against clotting factor VIII (FVIII). FVIII is extracted from human plasma or engineered from mammalian cell cultures using recombinant DNA technology. In Iran, most of the used FVIII is prepared from human plasma in Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization. It was seen important to estimate its stability and activity from bleeding time until product preparation. Material and Methods: In the analytical study, 60 healthy male donors (20-50 years old), 15 donors from each blood group, were selected after obtaining informed consent. Donors' blood was collected in QUADRI-PACKs and centrifuged after keeping at 24°C for 2 hours. The separated plasma was divided into three groups and incubated in the lab (22°C) for 0, 90, and 180 minutes, respectively. Then, samples were stored at -20°C for one month. Afterward, the plasma was thawed, and FVIII activity was assayed. Results: The activity of FVIII significantly (p<0.05) reduced by delay in freezing; after the time of 0 min: 134.84%±42, after 90 min: 126.88%±38, after 180 min: 120.22%±34. At all incubation times, the highest and the lowest FVIII activity were observed in A and O blood groups, respectively (p<0.05). FVIII activity was increased along with increasing age up to 35-40, but it decreased in subjects of 40-50 years old. These experiments confirmed that the longer the delay in freezing fresh frozen plasma, the greater the decrease in FVIII stability. Conclusions:. According to the results of this study, the best blood donors for FVIII product are those with blood group A in the age range of 40-35 years.

219-225

Authors: Tooran Nayeri Chegeni, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar3٭Ph.D. Fariba Khoshzaban, Abdolhosein Dalimi Asl, Hoda Mirzaian, Farnoosh Jameie

Background and Aims: Acanthamoeba is a ubiquitous amphizoic organism which can cause lethal diseases such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and unfortunately, the infection has now increased in the world. The aim here was to evaluate in vitro anti-Acanthamoeba properties of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Myrtus communis. Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, a clinical isolate of Acanthamoeba was cultured and genotyped. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Myrtus communis were prepared. Then, various concentrations of Myrtus communis extracts (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/ml) were tested at three different times (24, 48 and 72 hr) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba in vitro. The viability of trophozoites or cysts was tested by trypan blue method. Unstained (viable) and stained (nonviable) parasites were evaluated by counting with a neobar lam. Results: The percentage of viablity of trophozoites and cysts after adding ethanolic extract of Myrtus communis was 0% and 8.62%, respectively. Moreover, at 10 mg/ml concentration of aqueous extract of Myrtus communis, 0% trophozoites and 31.10% cysts lived after 72 h. Conclusions: This extract can be used as a safe anti-Acanthamoeba agent against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba and further investigations are recommended to show the effects of this plant as an antiparasitic drug in animal models and volunteer infected people. Background and Aims: Acanthamoeba is a ubiquitous amphizoic organism which can cause lethal diseases such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and unfortunately, the infection has now increased in the world. The aim here was to evaluate in vitro anti-Acanthamoeba properties of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Myrtus communis. Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, a clinical isolate of Acanthamoeba was cultured and genotyped. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Myrtus communis were prepared. Then, various concentrations of Myrtus communis extracts (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/ml) were tested at three different times (24, 48 and 72 hr) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba in vitro. The viability of trophozoites or cysts was tested by trypan blue method. Unstained (viable) and stained (nonviable) parasites were evaluated by counting with a neobar lam. Results: The percentage of viablity of trophozoites and cysts after adding ethanolic extract of Myrtus communis was 0% and 8.62%, respectively. Moreover, at 10 mg/ml concentration of aqueous extract of Myrtus communis, 0% trophozoites and 31.10% cysts lived after 72 h. Conclusions: This extract can be used as a safe anti-Acanthamoeba agent against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba and further investigations are recommended to show the effects of this plant as an antiparasitic drug in animal models and volunteer infected people.