Journal of Health Research in Community

Number 1(2), 2015

1-11
Application of Modified Red Mud for Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) Dye from Aqueous Solution: Isotherms, Kinetics Studies

Authors: Zazouli MA, Belarek D , Mahdavi Y ,

Abstract

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Number of views: 460

Introduction and purpose: One of the problems concerning industrial effluent, particularly those of textile industries, is the existence of dye. Therefore, it is mandatory to treat these effluents before being discharged to the environment. This study aims to evaluate the adsorption rate of acid orange (AO7) from aqueous solution by activated red mud. Methods: In this empirical laboratory study, we used red mud as an absorbent to remove acid orange 7 dye. The effect of various parameters on performance of absorbent was investigated, and the isotherms and kinetics of adsorption were determined. The dye concentration was measured at wavelength of 452 nm by a spectrophotometer. Results: Red mud surface area was 30 mg/g, and dye removal was the highest at a solution pH of 3 and an absorbent powder dose of 12 g/L. The AO7 removal percentage decreased by 43% in a 60-minute contact time, while the dye concentration increased from 10 mg/L to 100 mg/L. The absorption study highly correlated with the Langmuir isotherm and the second order kinetic models. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that red mud has a good ability to absorb dye and can be used as an efficient and cost-effective absorbent for treating textile industry effluent.

12-21
The Effectiveness of Group-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management in Improving Life Quality in Wives of Addicts Undergoing Treatment with Methadone

Authors: Mohammad Shahkarami , Kianoush Zahrakar, Sirous MoradiZadeh , Reza Davarniya ,Mohammad Shakarami

Abstract

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Number of views: 368

Introduction and purpose: Cognitive-behavioral stress management refers to a group of stress management interventions with a cognitive-behavioral approach. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of group-based cognitivebehavioral stress management in improvement of life quality of women whose husbands take methadone in their treatments. Methods: This semi-experimental intervention was conducted on all the women whose husbands were receiving methadone treatment in Tasmim Addiction Treatment Center in Khoramabad, Iran, 2013. Of all the participants, 24 women were randomly selected, and then were divided into experimental and control groups. World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire was completed by the subjects in two per-test and post-test phases. Moreover, 10 two-hour sessions of group-based cognitive-behavioral stress management therapy were conducted on the experimental group. To analyze the data univariate ANCOVA was run using SPSS 18. Results: In post-test, the mean quality of life score of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group. In other words, cognitivebehavioral stress management improved life quality in the intervention group. Conclusion: Given the results of the present study, the cognitive-behavioral stress management can be used as a selective therapy for life quality promotion among the wives of addicts.

22-28
An Investigation of the Effect of Training on Self-Care Promotion in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Noor Health Center in 2015

Authors: Asghari M, Naghibi SA, Rostami F,

Abstract

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Number of views: 426

Introduction and purpose: Diabetes is a very important health problem and is the most common chronic metabolic disease in the world. With regard to this problem, self-care programs are suggested to improve care and life quality of diabetic patients. This study aims to determine the effect of training on self-care promotion of type 2 diabetic patients in rural health centers of Noor, Iran. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 200 type 2 diabetic patients. The participants were divided into case and control groups. The data were collected using a self-care questionnaire, which included items on physical exercise, foot care, drug consumption and insulin injection. At first, the data were collected in a pre-test and then, an integrated training intervention was performed. The post-test was conducted eight weeks following the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20. Results: The mean score of knowledge was 2.944 in the case group and 2.244 in the control group. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender and level of education) and self-care promotion in the two groups, and no significant correlation was found between job and self-care promotion. Conclusion: This study indicates the importance of continuous and integrated training on type 2 diabetes self-care. Therefore, it seems necessary for patients to participate in training programs to increase their awareness and to improve their attitude and performance.

29-37
An Investigation of the Relationship between General Health and Job Satisfaction in Workers of an Industrial Slaughterhouse in Golestan Province in 2015

Authors: Mirmohammadi ST, Yazarlo A, Gorganifiroozjaee M, Mogharrabzadeh V

Abstract

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Number of views: 485

Introduction and purpose: Job satisfaction is defined as people’s interest in their work. One of the important aspects of job satisfaction, which is mostly ignored, is its relationship with individual’s overall health. The present study aims to evaluate job satisfaction in workers of an industrial slaughterhouse and to investigate its relationship with general health. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study on 85 workers of a slaughterhouse in Golestan Province, 2014. The participants were chosen through random sampling. To assess the general health and evaluate the indicators of job satisfaction, GHQ-28 and JDI questionnaires were used, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test were performed to analyze the data, using SPSS, version 20. Results: The results showed that none of the workers had the acceptable general health and job satisfaction index, and the average scores of all the participants were low. Moreover, no significant correlation was found between job satisfaction and general health in the workers. Job satisfaction scores were significantly different in male and female workers, as well as single and married ones. Conclusion: According to our results, in order to promote job satisfaction, and in turn, overall health of the individuals, it is recommended to improve working conditions and increase financial income of the workers.

38-46
Zoning of Cheshmeh Gerdoo River of Noshahr with NSFWQI Index in Autumn 1391

Authors: Ghaeni GH, Nassehinia H, Dadban Shahamat Y

Abstract

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Number of views: 361

Introduction and Purpose: Population growth and the pollution caused by discharge of sewage, waste leachate and surface runoff has caused water contamination. Zoning river water quality is the first and most important step in managing quality of water resources; because it clarifies the process of change in pollution, according to the time and place. Water health quality evaluation of the Cheshmeh Gerdoo river is of great importance, since it is a drinking-water supply and pollutants have been discharged into this river. Methods: In this study, sampling from six stations was performed, during three months. Then, water-quality parameters, i.e., dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), fecal coliform, NO3, PO4, TS, turbidity, temperature and pH were examined along the river. The data were analyzed using NSFWQI quality indices. Results: In this study, the lowest DO quantity was equal to 6.4 mg/l at station 6 and the maximum amount was equal to 8.5 mg/l at station 1. Other parameters showed an increasing trend. In accordance with our results, NSFWQI index was calculated at the best and worst cases to be 54.85 and 39.19, respectively. Thus, the water-quality index in the upper part of the river, at station 1, was in the “average” category, and at the stations 4, 5 and 6 it was in the “bad” category. Conclusion: Raise in the levels of fecal coliform and BOD, from the beginning to the end of the river, indicated an increase in pollution. This problem might be caused by discharge of untreated sewage, since the river passes through rural and urban areas. Moreover, the increase in the levels of NO3 and PO4 can be resulted from pollution with agricultural effluents. Also, increase of TS and turbidity can be related to absence of suspended solids deposited along the river.

47-54
An Investigation of the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction among the Executives and Nursing Managers of the Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Authors: Keyvanara M, Naem Isfahani M,, Bahrami S, Karimi S, Azizzadeh M

Abstract

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Number of views: 355

Introduction and Purpose: Sense of job satisfaction is highly influenced by emotional labor, particularly in management positions, since managers have to deal with a wide range of emotions. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction among the executive and nursing managers of the teaching hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive, correlational study was performed using field survey. The study population consisted of executives and nursing managers of teaching hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. A total of 250 cases were selected through census sampling. The data were gathered by means of translated version of a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were approved (α=0/81). Copies of the questionnaire were distributed among the participants, and then the data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS, version 18. Results: The rate of emotional labor among the executive and nursing managers of the selected hospitals was average, while the rates of job satisfaction, deep interaction and genuine emotions were reported to exceed the average, and the rate of superficial interaction was below average. The results demonstrated that there was a direct and statistically significant relationship between the genuine emotions dimension of emotional labor and job satisfaction (P<0/05). However, there were not any statistically significant relationships between the other dimensions of emotional labor (i.e., superficial and deep interactions) and job satisfaction of the participants. Conclusions: Our results suggest that managers will experience job satisfaction when their emotional labor is close to genuine emotions.

55-62
Disinfection of Water Contaminated with Fecal Coliform Using Ozone: An Evaluation of the Effect of Ozone Dose and Contact Time

Authors: Mohammad Ali Zazouli, Maryam Yousefi, Ramezan Ali Dianati, Mitra Roohafzaee, Ashour Mohammad Marganpour

Abstract

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Number of views: 567

Introduction and purpose: Chlorine, due to its residual effect, has an important role in water disinfection. However, its by-products, which could be harmful to consumers’ health, has led the researchers to investigate the use of other methods or materials for disinfection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ozone in disinfection of Escherichia coli (an index of fecal pollution) contaminated water. Methods: E. coli was used for contaminated water preparation. Culture and counting methods were performed based on the book entitled “The Standard Methods of Water and Wastewater” and were recorded with colony forming unit (CFU)/ml. Normality of the data was analyzed using Kolmogorov- smirnov test, and t-test and ANOVA were performed to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that destruction of E. coli increased by increasing ozone concentration and decreasing bacteria’s density. Removal efficiency of the 1 mg/L dose, as compared to the 5 mg/L dose of ozone, in densities of 104 and 105 CFU/ml was significant (P-value<0.05). The statistical results demonstrated that removal efficiency of bacteria with a number of 105 CFU/ml, at the contact time of 1 min versus 5,10 and 20 min was significant (P<0.05). The removal efficiency of E. coli at the contact time of 10 min and above, reached 100%. Conclusion: Ozone, due to its oxidizing effect on microorganisms, has good disinfectant properties. The results of this study suggest that ozone can be significantly effective in disinfecting water contaminated with E. coli.

63-71
A Comparison of Marital Satisfaction, Public Health and Body Image among Normal Subjects and Breast Cancer Patients with Breast Evacuation and Conservation in Tehran, Iran

Authors: Zahra Esfandiari Dolabi , Azadeا Jolaei , Moslem Asli Azad

Abstract

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Number of views: 788

Introduction and purpose: Despite the outstanding breakthroughs in medical sciences, breast cancer is still regarded as one of the most important diseases, worldwide. This condition is also the most common cancer among women and the second leading cause of death. The present study was conducted to compare public health, marital satisfaction and body image among breast cancer patients with breast evacuation and breast conservation and normal women in Tehran, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive, analytical study, the statistical population consisted of female patients with breast cancer and normal women in Tehran, Iran. For each group (normal subjects and breast cancer patients with breast evacuation and conservation), 80 individuals were selected via available sampling from medical centers and specialized hospitals in Tehran, Iran during October 2012-December 2013. The study tools included questionnaires on public health, body image and marital satisfaction. For data analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were performed, using SPSS version 20. Results: Overall, 40% of participants were within the age range of 40-45 years, 37% had high-school diplomas and 58% were housewives. The analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the mean scores of marital satisfaction, body image and public health among the groups (P<0.01).Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, women with breast cancer were significantly different from normal subjects in terms of marital satisfaction, mental health and body image. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate psychological treatment courses for these patients in cancer treatment centers.