CONTEMPORARY ECONOMY JOURNAL

15-20

Authors: Ionut-Constantin CONSTANTIN

Could there be any chance that creativity can promote sustainability? Regarding change in any activity, it is necessary to accept changes by implementing new ideas, skills, abilities, experiences, and many more. Creativity can favor sustainability as they are both playing an important role in bringing about a change, human capital with the potential to achieve long-term performance. In order to attain performance in this sense, the organizations are reliant on performance employees; thus aiming to achieve creative and sustainable organizations. In this article we are going to analyse creativity, the environment necessary for employees to feel encouraged and supported as to express their creativity and use available resources in order to develop new and innovative ideas, and how all these are closely related to the promotion of sustainability within organizations.

28-32

Authors: Leonid BABII

This article, emphasize the fact that in real conditions, in order to achieve the effectiveness of the management object, it is not so important who owns the property, but the way the owner manages the property to increase the cost of the company.

46-53

Authors: Alina STRATILA

The article provides an assessment of higher education in the Republic of Moldova for the period 2017-2023 based on data from the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. It examines the dynamics of higher education institutions, the number of students in educational programs, and gender disparities in the choice of study fields. The aim of this research is to identify factors influencing the dynamics of the number of students in higher education institutions relative to the overall population of the country. The research employed methods of economic analysis and correlation regression. The results of the correlation analysis indicate that the dynamics of the number of students relative to the overall population of the country depend on factors reflecting various aspects of the educational environment by 97.25%, emphasizing the importance of creating favourable conditions for education and ensuring accessibility of higher education in the country.

65-75

Authors: Sunday Azeita OKOUGHENU, Oluwasegun Temitayo ODUNSI

This study investigates the extent audit committee moderate the link between audit quality and earnings quality reporting of listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study used random sample technique to select a sample of four (4) out of the total population of eleven (11) listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria as at 31st December, 2021. The data was sourced from the audited annual reports and accounts of the companies between 2017 and 2021 and analysed with descriptive, correlation and ordinary least square regression technique. The result indicates that the extent audit committee moderate the link between audit quality and earnings quality reporting of listed oil and gas companies was negative and insignificantly. The study concludes that an increase in the members of the committee elected by board of directors would not enhance the link between audit quality and earnings quality reporting of the listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study recommends among other that the shareholders of listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria should not increase the members of the audit committee among the board of directors because it would not enhance the link between audit quality and earnings quality reporting both at short and long runs.

17-21

Authors: Florența Simona CREȚU

This material was designed to highlight some of the aspects related to the number of tourists who choose to spend their holidays on the Romanian coast, because it has gone through a series of changes that have influenced the evolution of tourism in this area. One of the most important changes was regarding the tourist offer. Before, tourists came mainly for the beach and for relaxation. Nowadays, there are many more options for entertainment and activities, such as water sports, concerts, festivals and exhibitions. It also invested in infrastructure. In recent years, several hotels, apartment buildings have been built and some of the older accommodation units have been modernized. Also, several roads and highways were built and modernized, which made access to the coast easier and faster. Besides these changes, tourism on the Romanian coast was also affected by external factors, such as economic crises and political problems. These led to a decrease in the number of tourists and a decrease in the demand for tourism services. However, the tourism sector remains vulnerable to economic and political changes.

28-34

Authors: Sorin-George TOMA

The fall of the former communist regimes from Central and Eastern Europe led to the widespread liberalization and globalization of markets. Today’s business world is still highly influenced by the expansion of the globalization process worldwide. As a consequence, the business world has become increasingly integrated and the relationships among business organizations have developed exponentially in all domains of activity. Globalization has made available numerous different products and/or services to people from various countries around the world. In this respect, whisky has proved to be a valuable product that fulfils a basic human need and, therefore, has expanded at a global scale. The goals of the paper are to define the concepts of whisky and business and briefly present the evolution of the top ten world’s largest export destinations for scotch whisky in the period 2020-2022. In this respect, the author used a qualitative research method. The results shows that the United States of America was the largest market for scotch whisky in the period 2020-2022. The countries from of Asia-Pacific region dominated the top of the world’s largest export destinations for scotch whisky by value.

43-48

Authors: Isabela STANCEA

Interested economic agents, employees and all interested persons must be informed about the appearance of three normative acts that bring important changes in the field of labor legislation regarding the level of the minimum gross salary starting from 01.01.2023, the framework model of the individual contract of work and the approval of the annual quota of foreign workers admitted to Romania. Thus, starting from January 1, 2023, the gross minimum basic salary per country guaranteed in payment, provided for in art. 164 para. (1) from Law no. 53/2003 – The Labor Code, republished, with subsequent amendments and additions, is set in money, without including increments and other additions, at the amount of 3,000 lei per month, for a normal work schedule of 165,333 hours per month on average, representing 18,145 lei/hour. For the year 2023, a quota of 100,000 foreign workers newly admitted to the Romanian labor market is established.

53-57

Authors: Georgeta Margareta DOBRESCU

The internal managerial control system is an integral and essential component of the institution's management that covers the entire activity. Internal managerial control, represents the set of forms of control exercised at the entity level, including internal audit, established by management in accordance with its objectives and legal regulations, in order to ensure the administration of own funds in an economic, efficient and effective manner, it also includes , organizational structures, methods and procedures. The internal managerial control system is a commitment assumed by Romania within the chapter 281 "Financial control" of negotiations with the European Union, the current chapter 32. By exercising the control function, the management of the entity ascertains the deviations of the results from the established targets, analyzes the causes that determined them and orders the necessary corrective or preventive measures. The proper implementation of the internal control system is the premise of exercising a correct management, according to the legal provisions, and gives assurance that the entity achieves the proposed objectives and that the management of the activities is efficient. The monitoring, coordination and methodological guidance of the implementation and development of the internal managerial control system is carried out by the Monitoring Commission (constituted by internal decision).

63-69

Authors: George Alexandru ISTRATE

In public administration, frequent changes can disrupt the performance of civil servants, and therefore effective communication is crucial in managing change and maintaining a positive work environment. Through clear and open communication, civil servants can better understand the reasons and goals of change and face new demands with more confidence and adaptability. In addition, effective communication can improve the efficiency of public administration by reducing the risk of errors and misunderstandings during the change process.

87-91

Authors: Liliana - Victoria GHERMAN

There are many factors that influence the professional career of the individual and at organisation level. Individual factors can include personality, life experiences, expectations and medium and long-term goals. Organisational factors relate to labour market conditions, organisational types, selection, performance evaluation of human resources and activities undertaken for career planning in each organisation. Career is analysed and researched through the lens of personality elements, qualities and characteristics that influence career choice. Personality is an individual's way of organising themselves according to temperament, abilities and character.

100-107

Authors: Daniel DANECI-PATRAU, Carmen Elena COCA, Romeo BOSNEAGU

A rail transport system is deemed in most countries a prerequisite for the overall economic development and, in this respect, considerable resources are allocated especially towards the railway installation and improvement, but also for the human resources system efficiency and optimization. Railways usually have an asset value that makes up a significant part of the national wealth and the rail sub-sector should bring a significant contribution to the GDP. It is therefore important and appropriate that this asset be managed professionally and that an increasing number of railway professionals are now encouraged to get involved in this activity. To clarify the impact transport has on the economy, several important research directions also strongly intercorrelated had been laid out in this paper: economic development, material goods production and distribution, influence on prices.

12-18

Authors: Tatiana GUTIUM

Quality is one of the main characteristics of the assessment of health services. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the World Health Organization calls for countries to increase access to quality essential health services, medicines, and vaccines for the entire population, regardless of income level. The degree of implementation of this task in the Republic of Moldova is the research objective of this paper. The purpose of research is to assess the accessibility and quality of healthcare services. The analysis showed that there is a relationship between the level of income of the population and the degree of satisfaction of the population with their health. In this study, the author performed a comparative analysis of access to health services in the Republic of Moldova by area. Likewise, the author analysed the interdependence between population income and access to quality health services. A financial resource is an important condition in ensuring access to certain medical services, so the benefit of treatment or medical observation depends on the level of population well-being.

25-36

Authors: Andra MODREANU, Gabriela ANDRIȘAN, Magdalena PLATIS

Human resources are currently in the limelight for businesses. Employers are searching for individuals who can alter and sustain an organization's goals, in addition to having the necessary skills and expertise. Companies are on the lookout for allies, respectively employees who understand and support their mission. Moreover, these individuals should have the ability to train and eventually retain other employees. As a result, the formation of meaningful relationships has become a means of achieving loyalty. At first side, corporate social responsibility leadership and a transformational leader appear to be an excellent match that might aid businesses within this matter. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify if CSR leadership is a matter of transformational or transactional style in the current business environment, following a qualitative approach, respectively the collection and analyzation of secondary data such as scientific journals. The findings of the present study sustain that firms should strive for transactional leaders. Individuals nowadays are mostly concerned with obtaining personal benefits. As a result, they may view the variable of reward as a motivator to perform in accordance with expectations. Additionally, transformational leader are hard to find. Hence, promoting CSR leadership through transformational leaders has the potential to help the company achieve its goals while also increasing its credibility among diverse stakeholders.

49-53

Authors: Mădălina ALBU

The modern university, strongly anchored in the relevant aspects of the field in which it operates, is characterized by a relevant ability to identify those aspects that generate social impact. By carrying out projects that give major importance to the social side, universities manifest their role in educating students' perception of social responsibility. The synergy between formal and non-formal education at the university level is a desire of all interested parties. Attracting and integrating students in specific activities of volunteering and social responsibility projects is a manifestation of the social dimension of higher education. The case study presented in this work underlines the way in which students show a positive attitude towards extracurricular, non-formal activities. Participating in student scientific events and creating sustainable and socially responsible business plans is a desire of students. Starting from the identification of the current stage of the integration of social responsibility concepts in university management, this paper aims to present a series of proposals and recommendations that can constitute alternatives in the involvement of students and teaching staff in social responsibility projects.

65-74

Authors: Nelu MOCANU

The purpose of this article is to carry out factor analysis of profit at the firm level, in particular by following the main indicators that act directly on it, namely: factor analysis of gross profit for the year, factor analysis of operating profit and factor analysis of profit related to turnover. The company's profit reflects the company's efficiency, liquidity and solvency. Profit acts as an indicator, responding to any changes in the external environment and within the company, so it is important to be able to analyse this indicator, correctly assessing the degree of impact of all criteria. Given the main objective of an economic entity's activity, namely to make a profit, which is the reason for the establishment of an entity, the value of profit is of great importance for any entity, regardless of its activity, we conducted a case study related to profit in an economic entity.

86-90

Authors: Florian IANCU

In today's society, it is important to know the reward management system because these systems can attract, retain, motivate valuable employees. These management systems are based on an employee reward strategy that must not be missing from the agenda of a sports organization, but also from the human resources plan of the sports organization. Its rewards management will be done through the motivation and reward management system that will enable the ambition of the existing human resource in sports organizations.

97-100

Authors: Roxana Mihaela IONIȚĂ, Daniela Simona NENCIU, Andra Diana MORAR

Nowadays, in a modern way of thinking based on a natural part of the sense of prevention, on education, on the natural way of thinking ahead and even on instinct, the evolution of the insurance market is undeniable. For this reason, insurance arose out of modern man's concern for the present, but above all for the future, its purpose being to guarantee protection against unforeseen events or events that are certain but uncertain as to their date of occurrence.

108-113

Authors: Bianca-Cristina VOICULESCU (PROCOPIU), Alin Adrian DINCĂ

The present paper wants to make a study regarding de concept of the manager and the different styles of management, taking in consideration the relations between the development level of leadership roles, of managers and how they impact the performances of an organization, either beeing a company, where we talk about profit rate and it’s place in the market, or beeing other type or organization, such as a political party or an NGO, where we discuss specific indicators, such as electorate, the efforts for a common cause etc. The main question that the present paper wants to answer is: „What is the role of the manager over the profitability of the organization and what are the management styles followed by the manager?”

117-124

Authors: Alina SUSLENCO, Viorel CORBU

The paper addresses the energy situation of the EU, as well as elucidates some possibilities for overcoming the energy crisis that has gripped the whole of Europe. The study focuses on the assessment of the EU’s energy efficiency strategy as well as the review of the EU’s strategic priorities in overcoming the energy crisis. Thus, the paper aims at the evaluation of the dynamics of electricity consumption in the EU countries, as well as the elucidation of the share of renewable energy in each of the EU countries. At the same time, special attention was directed to elucidating the dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions at the EU level as well as its sources. Another side of the research was aimed at identifying the trend of the evolution of electricity prices in the EU states, but also the measures that were taken by the states in order to provide electricity. The research methodology focused on the use of the following methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abduction, documentation, comparative analysis, scientific abstraction. In conclusion, we can note that the EU countries faced an unprecedented crisis, which disrupted the entire activity of the member states. The crisis changed the priorities, reshaped the electricity insurance systems, redefined the policies of the member states, a fact that allowed them to adapt quickly and identify solutions to overcome the crisis. Thus, we can note that increasing investments in alternative energy sources, concluding international agreements to increase energy efficiency, represent only a few solutions that can help member states overcome the EU’s energy crisis.

14-26

Authors: Ana-Maria ANDREI, Adriana HORAICU, Marilena ZUCA

Today, sustainable development also requires changes in accounting to meet the needs of users of financial and accounting information. Although the concept of sustainable development is becoming an increasingly widespread topic in the literature, accounting and management, the need to clarify what this concept means in the different contexts in which it is used has been highlighted. In particular, there is a concern among domain experts and researchers that sustainable development may remain a simple and interesting topic for actual accounting and finance research, rather than a distinct and coherent field of study. This concern comes as a result of the fact that, beyond the repeated presentation of the definition given in the Brundtland Report 1987 entitled "Our Common Future", many of the studies that have been carried out have neglected the complexity of the aspects of sustainable development that it entails. The field of sustainable development offers countless research possibilities that have not been sufficiently experienced so far, which requires the exploration of different disciplines at the academic level. The set of accounting methods and procedures used by experts in the field are found on the border of many of them, raising the issue of analyzing their role and impact. Therefore, our scientific approach aims to respond to this need to determine the extent to which the calculation of the impact of current change is characterized by a global collective effort to ensure financial sustainability and how it interferes in accounting in a real way.

33-38

Authors: Diana-Andreea DUMITRACHE, Delia Mioara POPESCU, Cristina Roxana IONESCU, Andrei MATICIUC

As a premise of all companies, the most important resource is the human resource, which is practically the creator of value, the source of creativity and initiatives for progress. Employees are the key to every organization, the factor of evolution and promoter of competitive success, which is why their motivation is a well-defined concern of every company. In the context of the current economy, employee motivation knows new horizons, managers and human resources divisions trying to identify the most varied and innovative methods to motivate employees. In order to make the employee motivation process more efficient, employers try to come up with various motivation methods, as specific as possible to each person. In this way, the more an employee feels that he is appreciated and motivated on an individual level and not as a resource that only covers a position in the organizational chart, the more his involvement will increase and lead to favorable results for the company.

48-52

Authors: Elena ENACHE, Sorin ENACHE, Cristian MOROZAN

The insurance industry is an innovative one, constantly moving, because the economic and social environment is also constantly changing. The eight billion inhabitants demand a lot from our planet, which makes efforts to be able to support them; they put enormous pressure on life and living conditions. Nature has changed its behavior. When a series of natural events reach certain parameters, they lead to climate changes and trigger damages (even catastrophes). Thus the insurance industry is seriously activated. Between climate and weather there are both semantic and structural differences. Climate is defined as the totality of prevailing weather conditions, and weather is what we feel daily, in the short term, days or even hours.

73-80

Authors: Denisa MARICA (SOPÎRLĂ), Ovidiu TIȚA

Sustainability has become a priority for all food producers, the aim is to constantly improve quality in accordance with market requirements that are constantly changing. Consumers want safe food products, that's why a lot of standards and norms have appeared in this regard. Consumer preferences regarding the concept of quality may differ from one consumer to another, being influenced by economic or social aspects, by the environment in which they lived, what they were taught to consume or how each perceives the quality of products. Some choose the products according to the price, others according to the way of presentation or follow the brand/mother, others according to the organoleptic qualities. It is desired to apply sustainability in the technological process of obtaining apple juice. Access to a safe and nutritious natural juice that ensures the health of the population. This can be achieved by: developing a technological process oriented towards the efficient use of natural resources and preserving biodiversity, enriching the human diet by developing a wide variety of aromas, tastes, textures, enriching juice with biologically active substances, healthy working conditions, packaging in safe conditions, without additional generation of waste, reuse of waste resulting from processing (borhot - jams/sweets, rotten apples - compost), efficient supply of food along the food chain and to the consumer, healthy working conditions.

86-93

Authors: Alina Georgeta AILINCĂ

The COVID-19 crisis calls into question the ability of governments to face the challenges, and covering the challenges can only be done with substantial budget revenues. Fiscal progressivity often reflects the discussion about equity, but also fiscal yield. In general, fiscal progressivity reflects the ability of the marginal tax rate to exceed the average rate or the superunitary tax elasticity of a certain type of income in relation to that income. Considering that there is no single answer as to what fiscal progressivity means, the article proposes, through three methods of calculating fiscal progressivity, the analysis of its ability to increase revenues from current taxes on income, wealth, etc. The analysis is based on the study of elasticities and reflects the importance of additional efforts to place as best as possible the elements of fiscal progressivity at the level of fiscal regulations in the countries of the European Union, both for improving fiscal equity for citizens and for increasing the state's self-sustaining capacity.

107-112

Authors: Georgiana-Tatiana BONDAC

The pandemic had the power to change everything around, but most of all it left its mark on school, education and the education system. Some studies show that this period has created gaps that can never be filled, others see an opportunity to reimagine and revitalize education, in all its forms. Clearly, even in the best of normal times, training children is a far more complex goal than getting them into a classroom. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to find an answer to the question "Is the impact of the change caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the educational environment positive?”

128-136

Authors: Kinga LÁZÁR

The negative impact of the pandemic has been felt by the vast majority of industries around the world. However certain industries were forced to stagnate, they were partially able to continue their activity, even on a reduced scale. Before the pandemic (2019), tourism had become one of the most important sectors of the world economy.

145-152

Authors: Lucian IVAN, Irena (ARĂDĂVOAICEI) APOLZAN, Cosmin Sandu BĂDELE

The geopolitical situation is characterized by the multiplication and overlapping of major crises that also impact on the economic and social level. The effects of the military conflict provoked by the Russian Federation in Ukraine and its impact on the economy of EU Member States, including Romania, are explained in detail in this paper. At the same time, the paper aims to explain how this "storm of crises" may affect European societies in social terms, namely the risk of triggering protest demonstrations, including violent ones, amid the population's dissatisfaction with rising inflation and falling purchasing power. The paper also aims to explain how the current poles of power are influencing the world economy and what possible structural changes may occur, with an impact on the European economy, including to Romania. A relevant development can be observed at the social level, where there is a risk of the rise to power of far-right ideological formations that will exploit the discontent in Western societies. In this context, pro-active measures are needed to avoid a potential deep economic crisis, while raising the standard of living of the population in European countries.

161-175

Authors: Abimbola Oluwaseyi ADEMOLA

The study investigated the determinants of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) credit to manufacturing sector in Nigeria. Specifically, the effect of macroeconomic factors proxied by inflation rate (INF), liquidity ratio (LQD), loan to deposit ratio (LTD) and prime lending rate (PLR) on DMBs’credit was evaluated. Annual data on selected DMBs were taken from the CBN statistical bulletin from 1986 –2021.Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation techniques were employed. Results revealed that INF and PLR have positive but insignificant effect on DMBs’ credit in the long run. Also LTD ratio has positive significant effect in the short run, while LQD affects banks’ credit negatively both in the short and long run. Moreover, results showed short run causality from explanatory variables to deposit money banks’ credit. The study concluded that INF, LTD, LQR and PLR are critical factors that influence DMBs’credit to manufacturing sectors. Therefore, the study recommends that Central Bank of Nigeria should implement favorable monetary and macroeconomic policies so as to facilitate banks’ lending to Nigerian manufacturing firms thereby enhancing economic growth.

11-17

Authors: Elena PIRVAN (OPRESCU), Georgiana -Tatiana BONDAC

The pandemic has caused an unprecedented shift to the online environment in most areas of life, and education was no exception. Since students all over the world have had to stay at home, the use of digital alternatives to classroom teaching has increased, thus determining a continuous improvement of teaching staff for a high-performance instructional-educational act. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to find an answer to the question "Is the change caused by the Pandemic in education, from the point of view of technology and digitization, advantageous?".

24-29

Authors: Ana-Maria VASILE

Social relations are governed by the rule of law. Through this regulation, the legislator takes into account the conditions under which the norm can and must be achieved, its ability to model behaviors, leading them on a path considered socially useful. At the same time, the legislator is considering the possibility of violating the rule through misconduct. Thus, the violation of the provisions of the legal norms attracts the legal responsibility of the guilty person. In the traditional conception of contractual liability, this is closely linked to the idea underlying the principle of binding force of the contract. Since the contract has the force of law in the relations between the parties, it is considered that each party must be liable for any non-compliance with its "law", respectively for violation of the "private rule" that the contract generates. Civil liability is a form of legal liability that consists of a report of obligations under which a person is obliged to repair the damage caused to another by his deed or, in the cases provided by law, the damage for which he is liable. As a legal institution, the civil liability consists of all the legal norms which regulate the obligation of any person to repair the damage caused to another by his extracontractual or contractual act for which he is called by law to answer.

34-39

Authors: Ioana-Daniela ANA (TOMA)

The conduct of teaching activities in Romanian educational institutions was based until March 2020 almost exclusively on traditional learning methods, namely they were organized face to face in a classroom. The sudden outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic shook the world and forced the education system in all parts of the world to switch to online teaching overnight. The school environment has been reluctant to take over the changes in technology, often emphasizing the risks of using them compared to its benefits, but in the crisis the existence of technology facilitated the transition when the only option was to move entirely to to an online teaching-learning system. Teachers were given the opportunity to rethink the methods by which the instructive-educational processes were carried out and to find a balance between their traditional role and the new roles assigned through digitization. In order to achieve this balance, teachers need to be trained for today's education. This article aims to analyze the factors that determine an effective transition to online activities and to explain the need for an interdependence between specialized, pedagogical and technological knowledge in the context of teacher training for online teaching - learning activities.

50-57

Authors: Anamaria CONSTANTIN (BUCUR), Cătălin Vasile IORDACHE, Andrei MATICIUC

In general, communication is the key to solving organizational problems, including any type of organization, whether public or private, national or international. Adequate communication in a pandemic is vital to society. The way governments communicated with citizens determined how they developed their behavior in the crisis situation generated. The communication strategies used by the leaders of the states dictated the directions of action of the governments and, at the same time, influenced the reaction of the target audience. In the pandemic, when the priorities of all entities suddenly changed, organizational communication proved to be a key element in maintaining social distancing at work, but also in the private life of workers, who found information and answers at work.

63-69

Authors: Larisa BUGAIAN, Cristina DIACONU

At present, the economy of the Republic of Moldova is largely linear. Although there are circular initiatives, a very small share of waste and by-products is reintegrated into the economy. The new strategic framework of the Republic of Moldova provides for the increase of sustainable practices, from which can be listed: National Development Strategy "Moldova 2030", Moldova-EU Association Agreement, New Association Agenda for 2021-2027, Environment Strategy 2030. They focus on the prevention and management of waste, which is intended to drive economic growth and environmental responsibility. It’s certain that the industry has a key role to play in making specific commitments on sustainable production and cooperation along value chains. In this regard, companies need to reconsider their current business models by adopting resource-efficient production. Actually, substantial amounts of resources such as secondary raw materials are transformed into waste, reaching landfills. Only the national wine industry annually generates about 60 thousand tons of by-products, most of which remain unrecovered. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the resulting waste / by-products throughout the value chain and to quantify the sustainability of the wine sector by using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) instrument.

76-83

Authors: Melania Andreea STĂNCIULESCU (DIACONU), Nicoleta-Valentina FLOREA

The shock produced by the pandemic crisis on the public sector had a strong impact both on access to services of general interest and on their quality. The Coronavirus Pandemic has hardly hit the states of the world, forcing them to react beyond traditional limits - in an effort to protect their citizens - and to fight not only with a virus but also with their own shortcomings and dysfunctions and forcing them to reset their public services - especially health services - extremely quickly, in response to the crossed context. In Romania, the level of unsatisfied needs in terms of medical assistance has increased, but new opportunities have also appeared that can lead to the recovery and modernization of medical services.

93-100

Authors: Maria-Elena GHEORDUNESCU

Considered as a real psychosocial phenomenon, which might involve intra and intersubjective oppositions and confrontations, the organizational conflict highlights a series of characteristics and properties that may be objective, which can be analyzed and evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. The communication style of a business organization refers to the set of characteristics that may manifest in the communication process of said enterprise. This whole process involves both the way of receiving and decoding a message, while engaged in communication, and the way of processing and interpreting it. These characteristics of speech and communication are closely related to the uniqueness and individuality of both the transmitter and receiver, being an outlet of self-expression. Through the data presented, this paper aims to perform an analysis on the communication style of three distinct business managers and the way they may reach a conflict resolution within their organization. Quantitative methods were used as the primary research method.

111-116

Authors: Mircea GUTIUM

Customs law regulates the economic relations of foreign trade between different states and the way in which goods and individuals cross the border. In order to facilitate international trade, states simplify customs procedures and harmonize the legislative of customs. The interests of the Republic of Moldova, are closely linked to the customs system and accession to the European Union. That is why understanding the two customs systems and harmonizing them is a step towards an easy transition into the European Union's customs system.

124-134

Authors: Lucian IVAN, Cosmin Sandu BĂDELE

In opinion of some specialists, the Strategic Economic Analysis represents a science with strict rules, which must be respected sine qua non, without deviating from the methodological rigors specific to an exact science. Those who support this theory are based on the specific characteristics of a scientific branch, regardless of creativity that plays an essential role in the field of the Strategic Economic Analysis. On the other hand, there is the opinion that Strategic Economic Analysis constitutes an art, and the "maker" of the analysis is considered a genuine artist, from his brain resulting in a work in the true sense of the word. Nowadays, considering the amount of economic data and information available online, it is very difficult to product an integrated economic analysis in order to inform promptly managers for taking informed decisions at organizational level.

154-161

Authors: Valeri GAGAUZ

Enterprise processes and their effectiveness are an integral part of marketing activities within the framework of modern approaches to marketing. Business processes are becoming faster and more complex. Communications with customers and suppliers are shifting towards the use of modern information technologies. The control and management of such complicated and complex processes require the implementation of modern information systems allowing enterprises to successfully implement their marketing strategies. In turn, the achievement of all these and other fundamental goals for the functioning of the enterprise is impossible without the use of a full-scale automated enterprise management system. In this article, some features of the implementation and use of an ERP class system in the small and medium entreprises (SME) are considered. The research methodology is based on the analysis of activities for the implementation of the Symphony ERP system at five SMEs in the Republic of Moldova based on qualitative research (in-depth individual interviews with the managers of the companies). The study was conducted in January 2022. Key benefits of ERP using for marketing processes were analysed from perspectives of product information, customers relations, targeting, pricing, marketing campaign management, performance management, ROI and insights. The implementation of ERP on SME is most often associated with serious barriers suach as errors in preparation for implementation (uncertainty of goals, uncertainty of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness and depth of implementation), low level of formalization of business processes. The research shows the “Symphony” ERP system has been implemented in the above enterprises quite successfully due to the fact that this solution is specific and was developed from the very beginning for the auto service business. The developer of this program was the head of one of the companies, who actively promoted the implementation. Despite the rather high level of telecommunications development and high-speed Internet coverage, such integrated solutions are rarely used by SMEs in the Republic of Moldova. This is due to the high requirements for the qualification of personnel and management of enterprises, as well as the high cost of software and hardware components associated with the implementation of such systems.

167-170

Authors: Angelica BRATU

The European Union is committed to implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainability reporting is the practice of measuring and communicating organisational performance towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal, and it also covers accountability for this performance to internal and external stakeholders. Sustainability reporting is both a management and accountability tool. It entails reporting on how an organisation takes into account sustainability issues in its operations, its environmental impact and its social and economic impact. The Court identifies four challenges in relation to sustainability reporting within the EU institutions and agencies:o Developing an EU post-2020 strategy covering the SDGs and sustainability o Integrating sustainability and the SDGs into the EU budget and performance framework o Developing sustainability reporting within the EU institutions and agencies o Increasing the credibility of sustainability reporting through auditing.

178-186

Authors: Viorel CORBU, Alina SUSLENCO

The present paper represents a complex approach regarding the research of the possibility of adapting the managerial strategy to the new post-pandemic context. We are all aware that in the context of the pandemic, companies had to adapt their business strategy to the new context, to identify new viable solutions, which would help companies overcome the challenges brought by the global crisis. Thus, any economic agent had to adapt its managerial approach to a new context, to reorganize its strategic objectives, to define the applied strategies, to identify new competitive advantages that would help them to position themselves strategically on the market. Thus, the managerial strategy has underwent changes, trying to adapt to the new context and to face the new challenges. The main objective of this study is to identify the adapting options of the management strategy to the new post-pandemic context. The research methodology focused on the use of the following methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abduction, comparative analysis, qualitative research through documentation. In conclusion, we can reiterate that the application of a proactive strategy, innovative strategies, can help companies in crisis to adapt more easily to the new context and overcome challenges, problems and identify new market segments, competitive advantages that will help them stay on the market.

193-204

Authors: Zinovia TOACA, Victoria FALA

Exports and FDI are important tools of Governments to stimulate economic growth and prosperity. Many countries implemented successfully export led-grow models in their development path. Being a small European transition economy affected by mass migration, Moldova is trying to change its consumption led growth model fueled by remittances by an investment and export growth led model, were FDI have to be an important driver. Though, FDI inflows in Moldova are small comparative to many European countries, the economic growth is slowing down on long term, while there is slight improvement in export competitiveness. The aim of this paper was to analyze the long term causality between FDI, GDP and exports of goods in the Republic of Moldova. Estimations were performed based on the available data for the period 1995-2021. The Granger causality approach has been applied to test the relationship between the 3 variables based on annual data. The authors found a unidirectional causality relationship running from FDI to GDP, FDI to exports, and a Granger causality from GDP to merchandise exports. An impulse-response analysis has been performed based on VECM models. A 1% growth in FDI in Republic of Moldova causes an increase of GDP by 0.09 p.p. and of exports of goods by 0.08%.

213-220

Authors: Anca Daniela ȘENCHEA, Anda NECULA, Alice Mariana PREDA (SIMION), Andreea Cristina SAVU

This study will focus on addressing risk. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the risk approach in the pursuit of effectiveness and efficiency in audit work. To demonstrate this, we will first show the limitations of the classical audit approach, then illustrate the importance of the risk-based approach, and finally present the approach to auditing according to this approach. A risk-based approach also improves an organization's decision-making process, regardless of its industry focus. Therefore, a risk-based approach consists of identifying, assessing, and understanding risks, as well as the subsequent application of measures proportionate to these risks to ensure their effective mitigation.

242-258

Authors: Sunday Olugboyega KAJOLA, Samuel Babatunji ADEDEJI, Joel Adeniyi OKEWALE, Segun Daniel OWOEYE

The study examined the influence of corporate board attributes on dividend policy decision in twelve Nigerian banks for the period 2009-2021. The independent variable, corporate board features, was surrogated by four attributes (board size, composition, gender diversity and meetings). Dividend per share served as a proxy for the dependent variable, dividend policy. Fixed effects least square regression model was adopted as the study’s analytical instrument. Findings reveal that board size, board composition and board meetings have an inverse and significant relationship with dividend per share. The finding further indicates a direct and insignificant association between gender diversity and dividend per share. Overall, result provides empirical evidence in support of substitution hypothesis perspective of agency theory.