Advances in Biology & Earth Sciences

3

Authors: В.М. Халилов , Ч.А. Мамедов , С.Н. Надиров

Представляется система дифференциальных уравнений, которая позволяет решать общие задачи по закономерности изменения равновесных состояний численности промыслового стада и рационально использовать рыбных запасов водоемов.

5

Authors: A.H. Aliyev, S.J. Mammadova

Our purpose is to investigate the changes in blood morphological indicators in 30-days baby rabbits borned from the mothers held hipoxia during prenatal development. These baby rabbits have been influenced short-term and long-term physical load in the 30-th day. We have investigated normal baby rabbits and baby rabbits which has been grown during prefetus period of prenatal development. According to the experimental results we can note that, the result of control animals experiment comparing with the indicators experimental animals significant changes is observed. Mothers recieved 10 days and 20 minutes hypoxia every day in prefetus period. We observed the blood reduction and rising appeared in some indicators of blood componenets of 30-days baby rabbits (table and chart). So, we gained this result that blood indication level depends on the condition nervous system. Noticeable changes are appering disorder in the neuro-endocrine regulation of blood system in the result of prenatal hypoxia. It depending on the level of muscle activity of rabbits recieved hypoxia and physical load

6

Authors: G. Safarova, N. Safarov, R. Gasanov

To comprehensively investigate the biological activity (positive or negative) of astaxanthin, a reddish food colorant, in silico studies have been performed. Molecular docking experiments have shown that astaxanthin can bind to the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) active center with predicted Kd=4.4 x10-6 M. Distinguishly, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) does not, practically, bind astaxanthin; the very negligible binding with predicted Kd > 109 M might occur on the enzyme surface apart from its active center. Hence, astaxanthin may act as a selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitor. Selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitors are widely used as antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs whereas non-selective and irreversible inhibitors have been withdrawn due to toxic side effects caused by their interactions with other drugs and some food products. The present study has been performed using molecular docking and computer modeling methods.

7

Authors: Г.Т. Мустафаев, А.Т. Мамедов

Рассмотрено размещение и плотность популяций соколообразных птиц в пределах Азербайджанской части высокогорьев Восточного Кавказа. Установлены степени оседлости популяций, стабильность их зимовки и откочѐвки за кормом. Обращено особое внимание на биотопическое размещение и многолетнюю динамику плотности популяций. Установлены причины уменьшения плотности популяций.

14

Authors: Н.В. Белова

Рассмотрены новейшие данные по изучению биоактивных метаболитов высших грибов макромицетов, относящихся к типу тетрациклических ланостановых тритерпеноидов. Приведен состав и характер биологического действия ланостаноидных соединений у свыше 20 видов макромицетов, изученных в последние десятилетия. Дана оценка фонда макромицетов, синтезирующих ланостаноиды, в Коллекции культур LE-BIN, Приведены виды грибов, у которых изучен состав стероидов.

19

Authors: I.V. Kosakivska, L.M. Babenko, M.M. Shcherbatiuk, N.P. Vedenicheva, L.V. Voytenko, V.A. Vasyuk

The review highlights the basic classes of phytohormones, their localization and involvement in the regulation of sporophyte and gametophyte growth and development in pteridophytes. Gibberellins and gibberellin-like substances (antheridiogen and antheridiogen-B) involvement in the sexual polymorphism determination has been discussed. Antheridiogen that has a gibberellin skeleton in its structure is produced by a physiologically active meristem. At high antheridiogen concentrations there is formed the male gametophyte while its deficiency results in the female one. Publications dealing with studies on the content and possible involvement in the regulation of physiological processes of abscisic acid (ABA) (in regulation of spore dormancy breaking), auxins and cytokinins (in frond formation), ethylene and jasmonic acid (in resistance formation) in pteridophytes have been analyzed. A current state of research of the basic phytohormones complex components in the Polypodiophyta division is summarized in the table.

20

Authors: E.A. Vorotelyak, A.V. Vasiliev, V.V. Terskikh

Understanding the nature of embryonic stem (ES) cells is of great importance, because it may help us to identify the core regulatory gene networks which are essential for the long-term maintenance of the pluripotent state. For a long time developmental biologists discussed the in vivo equivalent to the ES cells. In mouse, remarkable similarity of ES cells to primordium germ (PG) cells was noted by several authors. Nonetheless a firm link between PG and ES cells generation has not been demonstrated. Several lines of evidence suggest that both PG and ES cells have in common many molecular markers of pluripotency and, under appropriate culture conditions, PG and ES cells are interconvertible. During development of mouse embryo there is a window of opportunity when a population of pluripotent cells may give rise to ES cells under appropriate culture conditions. Here, we review the current data concerning the origin of ES cells during the early development in the mouse.