Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century

Number Vol. 12-1, 2018

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COVER PAGE

Authors: Editorial Board

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Cover page, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018

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CONTENTS

Authors: Editorial Board

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Contents, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018

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THE ROLE OF BLOG PSYCHOLOGY IN ONLINE MENTAL HEALTH MOVEMENT: CURRENT STATUS AND IMPLICATIONS

Authors: Dennis Relojo

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Mental disorders contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, as 4 out of the 10 diseases with the highest burden are psychiatric. About 25% of all develop one or more psychiatric and behavioural disorders during their lifetime. Unipolar depression ranges as the leading mental disorder with respect to disability adjusted life years. The major psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and depression are found in all cultures and result in significant disability. As a result, the cost of mental disorders worldwide needs receiving increasing recognition (Kastrup & Ramos, 2007). Mental health is a global problem – one that needs greater worldwide attention because until now this has not been achieved. For instance, in the US, the world's sliding superpower, the prisons are the functioning mental-health-care system (Kleinman, 2009). Somewhere between a third and a half of all the homeless people in American cities suffer from mental illness.

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PSYCHOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIAC AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS DUE TO PERINATAL CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS

Authors: Serhiy Boltivets, Yuliya Chelyadyn, Tymur Gonchar, Lyudmila Uralova, Olexiy Gonchar

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Perinatal cerebrovascular lesions represent one of the important causes of the onset of mental disorders. The research addresses specific psychic pathologies of this type such as hypochondriac and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The main focus of the research is the psychotherapy for that contingent of patients. Tests and statistical trials were conducted for groups composed of persons suffering from the said disorders. Based on the results of data analysis the research reviews specific recommendations for using psychotherapeutic techniques considering their influence on clinical manifestations of hypochondria and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING AS A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH

Authors: Desislava Ivanova

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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, which uses Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. EMDR can be applied when working with the consequences of psychological trauma and a wide range of other negative life experiences, excluding organic deficits, intoxication, and injury. EMDR therapy is conceptualized in eight phases, consisting of standardized protocols and procedures, which make easier the complete assessment of the clinical picture, patient preparation and the treatment of: past events, which place the foundations of pathology, current adverse situations and future challenges. The main focus of the therapy is the system that processes information in the brain. All dysfunctional characteristic traits, behaviors, beliefs, affects, and physical sensations are viewed from the perspective of (AIP) model as manifestations of unprocessed memories, encoded during a traumatic experience.

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VULNERABILITY TO MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG PERSONS IN PROLONGED INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA

Authors: Tabitha Mwaniki, Kennedy Onkware, Stephen Ngari

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Disasters and the consequent displacement is common world over. Global trends indicate that disaster-induced displacement is on the rise, and is brought about by factors which include natural and human-made disasters as well as complex human conflicts. The most notable case of internal displacement in Kenya arose from the 2007-2008 post-election violence. Most of the displacees have been since resettled. Among the effects of displacement are loss of property, loss of livelihoods and mental health problems. The aim of this study was to establish the vulnerability to mental health problems among persons in prolonged displacement in Nakuru County of Kenya. The study was a qualitative survey in which a sample of 400 respondents was obtained from a population of 106,004 internally displaced persons who had been resettled. Data was collected using questionnaires and structured interview schedules. The mental health status was determined using an adapted version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). This instrument has been used widely and established as having a test-retest reliability of about 0.91. Owing to the sensitive and personal nature of information sought, respondents were assured of confidentiality. The data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 14.0. The research established that the respondents experienced considerable mental health problems as indicated by high scores in the overall Impact of Event Scale-Revised as well as in the intrusion, avoidance and hyper-vigilance sub-scales. This shows that the internally displaced persons, despite having been resettled, were still vulnerable to mental health problems. The findings are expected to help the government line-ministries and humanitarian agencies involved in humanitarian interventions plan mitigation of adverse mental health effects of disasters. In particular, they are useful in designing psychosocial interventions required in post-disaster scenarios, and especially where internal displacement is prolonged.

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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDES OF GREEK EDUCATORS TOWARDS STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS AND MIGRANT STUDENTS: SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES

Authors: Stavroula-Vera Strychnou

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This research was conducted to explore and compare the attitudes of Greek educators towards immigrant children and children with special educational needs, as well as to establish some social-demographic differences in Greek teachers’ attitudes. The research tool used in this research was the questionnaire. The scale of answering was a five-degree Likert scale, and only one question was yes/no. The statistical program used for statistical analysis of the data was the IBM SPSS program. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and chi-square analysis were used. The sampling method used in the present research was the feasibility sampling, and even the homogeneity technique was used. In this research, all the participants were educators. The research sample consisted of 150 participants. Modern Greek schools contain to a large extent migrant students and students with special educational needs. Based on this research, there were found several similarities in Greek teachers’ attitudes towards immigrant students and students with special educational needs, but there were also some differences. The most negative attitudes towards immigrant students were expressed overtly by the male Greek teachers, at 18-29 years old, married, with one child, teaching history in secondary education, with the period of educational experience of 11-20 years, and the most negative attitudes towards the students with special educational needs were expressed overtly by the female Greek teachers, with PhD, in bad or very good economic situation, divorced, teaching in primary school for more than 10 years at school. The Greek school, although it is a "mosaic of students" with different educational, cognitive, political, social, economic, historical, linguistic and cultural specifics, insists on its monocultural orientation, the rejection of diversity, isolation, and stereotypes. Given these results, it is necessary in the future to explore the effective ways to reduce these perceptions, if not destroy them.

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END PAGE

Authors: Editorial Board

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End page, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2018