An attempt has been made to explore the determinants of public investment in agricultural extension services in Pakistan. We find empirical support for the efficiency model as against the interest group model in agricultural extension services. The study concludes that medium size farmers demand more agricultural extension services as against large and small farmers. Moreover, owner operators also demand more agricultural extension services as compared with tenants. We also find that education in Pakistan can complement agricultural extension services due to low education level of the farmer.
Housing demand parameters are not known in Pakistan. This paper estimates the value of the housing stock (and flow of services) from 1960-61 to 1987-88 and sets up a model of lagged adjustment to desired demand to estimate these parameters. Long-run income and price elasticities are revealed to be low. the absolute magnitudes do not differ significantly from 0.5. However, corresponsing elasticities od housing investment appear to be high, indicating the potential volatility of building activity in the country.
the study based on 20 thusabd school age children, of which a little more than half attend school, identifies the factor which influence the decision-making with regard to sending the child to school. Using Heckmans procedure of selectivity bias correction, it also estimates the demand for education. An important finding of the study is that investment in female education is one of the most important factors in increasing the literacy rate.
We have computed a total factor productivity index for Pakistan's large-scale manufacturing sector for the period 1955-81. The impact of the violation emanating from the use of growth accounting techniques has been minimized by treating our index as a residual and using marginal product weights. We have computed another total factor productivity index based on factor share weights in order to show the extent of the bias that emerges from using methodologies that assume conditions which do not prevail in a developing economy like Pakistan.
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