Bulletin of Science and Practice

16-26

Authors: Ganbarova F.

The purpose of our research is to summarize information about oil, the use of various fractions of natural and synthetic petroleum acids (boiling away in the ranges of 125-175°C; 175-225°C; 125-225°C, the synthesis of their water-soluble complex salts with alkanolamines (mono-, di-, tri-) by the reaction of their interaction with monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, determination of their IR spectra, melting point and refractive index, preparation of solutions with different percentage concentrations (0.05; 0.01; 0.005; 0.001; 0.0001% solutions), the study of the electrical conductivity of solutions, laboratory and field studies of these compounds as growth compounds for Triticum, Zea mays and Pisum sativum. First, the seeds are soaked in the appropriate solutions in Petri dishes. Then the seeds taken in a plastic container are planted into the ground in accordance with the depth of planting and the number of seeds. The degree of germination is calculated from the number of germinated seeds. To determine the effect of salt solutions on the growth dynamics of the aerial parts of plants and roots in laboratory conditions, observations and measurements are carried out for 14-15 days. At the next stage, experiments are carried out in the field and the final results are obtained. Comparing the obtained results of the effect of complex salt solutions synthesized on the basis of natural and synthetic petroleum acids on plants both with each other and with the control variant (that is, with seedlings obtained from seeds soaked in irrigation water), it is determined which complex salts have better effect on plant development.

39-47

Authors: Ahmedova S., Ismayilzade N., Musayev V.

In the presented article, the geographic position, relief, geological and geomorphological structure, climate, and soil-vegetation cover of the Basitchay State Reserve are given in detail, and some fertility indicators of the main soil types formed in the area are analyzed. The amounts of absorbed bases, active and exchangeable forms of nutrients (NPK) were determined along with humus, total nitrogen, pH, which are diagnostic indicators of soils.

58-68

Authors: Chiriapkin A., Tyurenkov I., Kodonidi I., Shabanova N., Vdovenko-Martynova N.

The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has put a significant strain on the healthcare system and revealed the need to develop effective medicines for the treatment of this disease. The research results presented in the article are devoted to the development of new compounds with anti-coronavirus action against SARS-CoV-2, which are derivatives of 6,7-dimethoxykinazoline-4(3H)-one. In silico, the research was carried out by the molecular docking method in the freely distributed Autodock 4.0 program. The virtual structures of the simulated compounds were constructed in the HyperChem 8.0.4 program, and the final optimization of the geometry of virtual structures was calculated in the ORCA 4.1 program using the density functional theory (UB3LYP) method and the base set 6-311G**. The main protease (identification number 7K6D) and papain-like (identification number 7LBR) protease SARS-Cov-2 were used to predict antiviral activity. In vitro studies were carried out by multiple dilutions of the analyzed compounds using a chromogenic substrate. It follows from the results that the newly synthesized derivatives of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline-4(3H)-one should be considered as promising candidates for the development of new antiviral drugs. The most pronounced antiviral activity is observed in substance 8c containing a glycyltryptophan residue. It is worth noting that the proposed algorithm for searching for innovative antiviral drugs in silico agrees quite well with the results of the in vitro experiment.

78-88

Authors: Shermatova U., Avazbekov B., Zhunusbaeva P.

The article presents data from a retrospective analysis of medical records and chest CT scan of patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19 who applied to the diagnostic center of the URFA in Osh during the first wave of the KR pandemic, with a description of individual clinical cases and their radiological and differential diagnosis. An example of brain damage in a 16-year-old patient with confirmed COVID-19 in the form of acute necrotizing encephalopathy according to magnetic resonance imaging is given.

100-110

Authors: Tulekeev T., Kozuev K., Sattarov A., Dzholdubaev S.

For the first time, using bioimpedancemetry and Heath-Carter physique schemes, somatic types and body mass composition were established in healthy men of the 1st period of adulthood living in high mountains (h 2469-3325 m above sea level). Somatotypological features of body composition were revealed. An intertype analysis of body composition in individuals of different body types was carried out. Research objectives: to study the somatic types and composition of body mass in healthy men of the first period of adulthood permanently residing in highlands. The object of the study were healthy men aged 22-35 years old permanently residing at an altitude of 2469-3325 m above sea level. Alpine research was carried out on the basis of the medical and preventive institution Chon-Alai and Alai regions in compliance with the principles of ethics. A total of 208 mountaineers were examined. Among the subgroups of somatotypes, mesectomorphy, endectomorphy and meso-endomorphy prevail. Somatotypological features of the body composition of highlanders of different somatotypes were revealed.

118-125

Authors: Temirova V., Temirov N., Salieva S., Abdimomunova B., Uraimov R., Zholdoshev S.

An epidemiological analysis of the incidence of brucellosis in the rural population of the Jalal-Abad region for 2022 is given. The incidence of brucellosis among the population living in rural areas in the Jalal-Abad region over the past three years has been on an upward trend, from 32.2 to 47.5 per 100 thousand of the population. Brucellosis is especially common in the highlands of the region. An increase in brucellosis among children under 14 years old was noted, in the Chatkal district by 1.9 times (from 54.4 to 108.8 per 100 thousand population), in the Toguz-Torun district by 1.6 times (from 45.0 to 73.9 per 100 thousand population). High incidence rates of brucellosis have been registered in high-mountainous regions, where 80-90% of the population is engaged in animal husbandry. The main age of patients with brucellosis is 30 years and older. The incidence of brucellosis is higher among men — 65.4-65.1%, and women — 34.6-34.9%. By social status: unemployed — 32%, schoolchildren — 14%, housewives — 11.7%, pensioners and workers — 10.6% each. This is due to their employment in private, individual and farm enterprises. The main source of brucellosis infection is small cattle (50.8-52.7%), then cattle (27.2-25.1%), but there is still a large proportion — unidentified sources of infection (22-22.2%).

134-146

Authors: Khubaev G., Poluyanov E., Rodina O., Streltsova E.

The procedures for collective decision-making are proposed, which allow to promptly *assess the magnitude of social, economic and environmental losses from sudden destruction of concrete dams, hydroelectric power plants, nuclear power plants, *optimize the professional composition and number of specialists-liquidators of the consequences of the disaster, *determine the composition, sequence of execution and resource intensity of operations of processes to minimize irreparable losses. It is shown that solutions related to minimizing social, economic and environmental losses from sudden destruction of dams and other objects with similar catastrophic consequences are unique, operationally implemented, collective and creative.

154-161

Authors: Kalguzhinova A., Mashabaev A., Ozbekov D.

According to official statistics, in recent years there has been an increase in the registration of crimes that have a pronounced «intellectual» character. The objectively recorded growth of criminal encroachments using information technology dictates the urgent need for theoretical research and generalization of law enforcement practice. The authors made an attempt on the basis of the integrated use of historical and statistical methods to show the impact of improving the substantive criminal legislation on the state of investigative and judicial practice in cases of criminal offenses in the field of informatization and communications. The history of the regulation of responsibility for cybercrime in the criminal laws of sovereign Kazakhstan is traced. As possible ways to increase the effectiveness of countering crimes committed using information systems, the authors formulated proposals to change the form of statistical reporting.

169-175

Authors: Ablyatipova N., Slyusarchuk K.

The article analyzes certain problems of exercising the pre-emptive right to purchase a share in the right of common shared ownership. It has been established that the law does not provide for the regulation of the issue of exercising the right to pre-emption if several owners of common shared property are ready to acquire the alienated share at the same time. In the process of analyzing the registration of transactions in which there is an element of the pre-emptive right to purchase a share, the author identified problems that are typical both for a notary when registering transactions and for the seller of the corresponding share. Based on the results of the study of the norms of the current legislation, the established law enforcement practice, the authors developed recommendations on introducing a number of changes to the legislation that will streamline and improve the regulation of the pre-emptive right to purchase.

184-196

Authors: Imankulov T.

The need to leave the authority to investigate malfeasance with the prosecutor's office of the Kyrgyz Republic, the relevance of other legislative initiatives on the reform of law enforcement agencies, as well as the need for laws in the field of counteracting the promotion of non-traditional sexual relations, since propaganda is gaining momentum in the Kyrgyz Republic more and more every day , including the veiled one, especially through social networks, sexual perversions, gender reassignment, pedophilia, propaganda of everything that destroys a person in all respects. Based on the speech of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic on May 5, 2023, the main threats to the Kyrgyz statehood and national security are named. Under such circumstances, today's legislative initiatives to exclude investigative functions from the prosecutor's office in the absence of any need justified by objective indicators and without an objective analysis of the activities of the investigative work of prosecutors are perceived as an attempt to sabotage the constitutional institution, designed to protect the rights and protected by law. interests of citizens, society and the state.

210-219

Authors: Karimova K., Alymbaev A., Tukhtamatov A.

This article explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migration processes and the situation in Kyrgyzstan. The authors analyze changes in migration policy, the flow of migrants and the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic. The article notes that COVID-19 caused a significant drop in migration flows both in Kyrgyzstan and internationally. The main reasons for the decline in migration were the closure of borders, the ban on movement and restrictions on movement. The social consequences of the pandemic for migrants and the local population are analyzed. Migrants, often working in the informal sector and without social security, have faced significant challenges amid the pandemic. Some migrants have lost their jobs, while others have found themselves in difficult living conditions and without access to health care. Particular attention is paid to the issue, after COVID-19, adopted the “Concept of the Migration Policy of the Kyrgyz Republic” for 2021-2030. The concept includes measures on the importance of more efficient management of migration processes in Kyrgyzstan in order to optimize their socio-economic consequences. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the need to develop and implement adequate measures to support migrants and ensure their social and economic security after the pandemic. The importance of continuing to work on improving migration policy and creating a favorable environment for the return and completion of migration processes after the restrictions are lifted is also noted.

229-234

Authors: Kartashova E., Arkhipova L.

Digitalization processes affect all spheres of human activity, including the system of modern education. As a result, there are many open questions and socio-psychological problems associated with digitalization. Studies of the ‘influence of numbers’ on the health of people, in particular students of different age groups, are relevant. In this context, it is advisable to study the impact of digitalization on schoolchildren and students from the point of view of medical and psychological approaches. The purpose of this study is to analyze the features of the influence of modern digital technologies in the field of education on the psychological and somatic state of students in connection with the level of general social health of the population.

240-246

Authors: Chaldanbaeva A., Baiseitova A.

Educational technologies used in the study of the course of botany are an elective method for assessing the knowledge skills and abilities of students. Allow you to show professional creative and organizational skills in the study of the discipline and in solving specific problems. The article discusses the relevance of the use of modular learning technology and the use of the case method in botany classes for students of pharmacists.

253-259

Authors: Sulaimanova G., Uzakbaev I.

The article discusses the content and originality of the professional and pedagogical skills of a teacher of primary general education for the implementation of the State educational standard of school general education of the Kyrgyz Republic of a new generation. It is indicated that the effectiveness of the pedagogical activity of a teacher of primary general education is determined by the level of mastering the necessary professional knowledge, skills, pedagogical skills and personal qualities and properties. Methodological training acts in unity with organizational training and relationships with wards. Along with the elements of the educational process, the professional readiness of a teacher includes the formation of spiritual sensitivity, warmth, care and joy, which are moral qualities. The teacher also needs a complex of social and human qualities: activity, conviction, maturity of thinking, adherence to principles, and more. A teacher can develop only on the basis of a high general and pedagogical culture, a steady need for self-education.

269-273

Authors: Duvanaeva K., Toktosunova Z.

This article outlines the terms, definitions, directions, principles of pedagogical learning technologies in education based on competence. There may be such problems as the discrepancy between the level of professional training of specialists and the demands of society, the low level of education in schools, the lack of pedagogical technologies in the competence based. Over time, the content of the methodology and theoretical sciences changes, the development of methods of scientific knowledge improves and innovative training is carried out with new, modern ideas and achievements of pedagogical technologies and other opportunities in the learning process, and we tried to emphasize at least a little that the possibilities in other learning processes are realized. At the same time, we tried to consider the variety of pedagogical technologies, the ways of their occurrence, classification, models of the most versatile teaching technologies in modern didactics.

281-287

Authors: Trefilyeva V.

The aim of this study is to investigate the spiritual and moral aspects of socializing children and youth. It focuses on examining the influence of socialization on the formation of spiritual and moral values in children and youth, and analyzes various factors such as family, education, media, religion, and societal institutions that impact the development of these aspects. Additionally, the study provides practical recommendations for parents, educators, and community leaders to promote the development of spiritual and moral aspects in socialization, taking into account family values, ethical upbringing, and active participation in spiritual and community events. The research has practical implications for fostering a harmonious and ethically conscious society.

295-302

Authors: Zelenova Yu., Zelenova N.

Thanks to the large-scale development of technological processes in the fashion industry, favorable opportunities are created for experimenting with the textures and textures of suits, as well as the suit models themselves. Lace, being part of the traditional culture of many countries and peoples, is still perceived by most people as an authentic material with which it is impossible to make any changes in order to avoid the destruction of traditions. The authors of the study Zelenova Yu. and Zelenova N. the goal was to improve the technology of creating lace and approaches to designing suits from lace, which will change the attitude towards lace among professionals and admirers of the fashion industry. The objectives of the study included the study and application of mathematical laws in the artistic design of lace costumes, which are always justified in terms of rational production and positive perception by consumers. Successful and popular costume models are always designed based on the mathematical proportions of the golden ratio. In our study, the golden section ‘Fibonacci series’ is used, with the help of which lace modules were developed, from which costumes were created in the Ariadne author’s lace collection (authors Zelenova Yu., Zelenova N., 2017-2019). The modular technique, on the basis of which the Ariadne author’s collection was developed, allows you to create various lace textures and forms of lace suits, achieving an unlimited variety of combinations from a small number of options. Thus, the modular technique for designing lace suits underlies the transformative shaping of lace suits, which is the most promising direction for the development of the use of lace in a suit in the near future.

312-320

Authors: Beishenalieva A., Naimanova Ch.

This article explores the role of translation in advertising discourse, a field that plays a crucial role in shaping and promoting brands, products, and services. Using English and Russian as examples, the author analyzes how translation influences the effectiveness of advertising campaigns and brand image formation. The article sheds light on the challenges faced by translators in adapting advertising texts, such as wordplay and cultural nuances. It also discusses the importance of selecting the right words and expressive means to convey the emotional power of the original text. The author highlights the relevance of this topic in the context of globalization and business internationalization, as well as the practical significance of the article for translators, marketers, and advertisers. Overall, the article provides useful recommendations and examples that help understand the role of translation in advertising discourse and enhance the quality of translations for successful advertising communication.

330-338

Authors: Kabatay kyzy A.

Such anthroponyms varieties as nicknames and pseudonyms are considered. The importance of using these poetonyms in the formation of the character’s image is revealed. Fiction works represent a unique sphere of using proper names, where words acquire meaning not only in the context of the real world, but also in the fictional reality created by the authors. Nicknames and pseudonyms are the anthroponymic field periphery, but they play an important role in the structure of a literary text. They act as a fixing way the development of the world and human experience. Proper names create linguistic diversity. The stylistic function of such proper names is different. They can act as a designation and characterization of the character. The proper names study clarifies the author’s intention and contributes to a deeper and more complete text interpretation. There are few works devoted to the study of the language of modern prose. In the literature, the proper name’s role in works of fiction has not been sufficiently studied. The study subject is the functions of these poetonyms in a literary text. The study object is pseudonyms and nicknames. Material — literary texts of different genres, published at the beginning of the 21st century and containing lexical units important for research. The work purpose is to identify the specifics of pseudonyms and nicknames and their role in artistic speech on the example of the texts of modern authors. The main theoretical base is the work related to the theory and linguistics of the text, onomastics. In the structure of a literary text, not only common vocabulary is used, but proper names. They play an important role in the structure of a literary text, evoking in the reader various allusions and associations associated with society and concepts. For the perception of any literary text, encyclopedic information is important, which allows you to understand the creative intent of the writer.

347-355

Authors: Saipova, G., & Alimbekova, E.

The relevance of the research is due to the growing interest in studying the concept of kut / well-being in the Kyrgyz and English language pictures of the world based on the works of Zhusup Balasagyn Kut Alchu Bilim and Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the concept of kut / well-being is considered in a comparative analysis of the use of this concept in these works. A comparative analysis of the concepts revealed differences and similarities in the interpretation and perception of this concept in the Kyrgyz and English cultures. The authors of the article compare various aspects of the concept of kut / well-being, such as its meanings, associations and usage examples. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the concept of kut / well-being has similar meanings and associations in Kyrgyz and English cultures, its use may differ in different contexts. In the works of Zhusup Balasagyn and Ernest Hemingway, this concept plays an important role and helps to understand the values and cultural specifics of both peoples. The results of the study can be useful for understanding the differences and similarities between cultures, and also expands our understanding of the concept of kut / well-being in Kyrgyz and English cultures.

17-32

Authors: Susanti D.

In the last thirty years, the encounter and approach of Rendezvous Proximity Operations (RPO) of human made space objects have developed. This development indicated by the developments in field of technology. The focus of this study is regarding RPO as a mission that has potential to increase the amount of space debris. This study aims to analyze the RPO activity as a potential hazardous mission in increasing the space debris population. Moreover, this research aims to analyze RPO activity as a potentially vulnerable mission to increase the space debris population. In this study, the method was carried out descriptively, by exploring data and information about RPO. The results of this study indicated that RPO activity still limited to LEO due to the high difficulty level for the GEO orbit. The results of this study indicate that RPO activity is still limited to LEO due to the high difficulty level for the GEO orbit. This is actually because in LEO orbit have more space debris (75%) than GEO orbit and it has a higher risk of falling to Earth. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that RPO activities are double-edged and therefore greater supervision needs to be carried out especially to safeguard Indonesia’s interests in space.

42-48

Authors: Mustafaev Z.

Complex natural-geographic and agroclimatic conditions regions of Azerbaijan, long and anthropogenic effects on the natural objects have led to the emergence and widespread erosion. currently, 43.3% of the land Republic affected by erosion. In the Republic developed all kinds of erosion, particularly irrigation water and wind. At the present stage of development of agriculture, widely implemented land reform. Ubiquitous privatized land, where at this point erosion control is a precondition for improving soil fertility, crop yields, requiring reference to global studies improve their fertility.

58-63

Authors: Aslanov Q., Quliyeva N.

The article discusses the issues of scientific solution of the State Program for the development of cotton growing in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Ganja-Gazakh zone has been irrigated for a long time and is widely used both in the cultivation of cotton and grain, melons and vegetables. The results of the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on the plant density of cotton after barley harvest are analyzed. The optimal doses of fertilizers for obtaining a high, high-quality and sustainable yield of raw cotton have been determined.

70-79

Authors: Nuriyeva K.

This article discusses the general physical and geographical location, geological, geomorphological and soil-climatic conditions of the region. The methodological instructions are consecrated, the qualitative indicators of soils and their assessment according to the appraisal scores of the dominant irrigated gray earth soils are analyzed.

85-88

Authors: Bilalov R.

The fauna of turkey helminths was studied in specialized and subsidiary farms of the population in 23 districts of the republic belonging to 4 natural and climatic zones: Kur-Aras and Lankaran lowlands, foothill and mountain belts of the Great and Lesser Caucasus. We have registered 12 species of turkey helminths, of which one species is recorded for the first time in turkeys in the CIS, and 9 species in Azerbaijan. When opening 676 turkeys, infection with helminths was revealed by 75.4%, including nematodes — 74.4%, cestodes — 7.8%, trematodes — 0.14%.

93-135

Authors: Volobuev A., Romanchuk N., Bulgakova S.

Human brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. The introduction of multi-vector neurotechnologies of artificial intelligence and the principles of digital health care will contribute to the development of modern neuroscience and neuromarketing. Neurogenetics is a center for multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research using advanced methods, with the participation of 5P Medicine and 5G technology. Human genome sequencing was an important scientific milestone that revolutionized biology and medicine. The Human Genome Project is a neurogenetic routing from the 20th to the 21st century, numerous discoveries due to the collaboration between discerning clinicians and technically innovative fundamental scientists. Genomic engineering, genome editing and gene editing refer to modifications (inserts, deletions, substitutions) in the genome of a living organism. Modern genome editing is based on clustered regularly alternating short palindromic repeats and associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9). In prokaryotes, CRISPR-Cas9 is an adaptive immune system that naturally protects cells from viral DNA infections. CRISPR-Cas9 has been modified to create a universal genome editing technology that has a wide range of applications in medicine, agriculture and basic gene function research. SLEEP is the main tool and mechanism in the formation of cognitive memory, its quantitative and qualitative volume, the integration of the transition to a qualitatively new level of self-development and self-improvement, which allows you to create a new intellectual “qualifying mind”. The 21st century Homo sapiens will have the ability to understand physiological and neurophysiological sleep patterns, manage and change their sleep habits. Digitization of sleep is the future for the development of industry, health, science and personalized health.

161-167

Authors: Seytkulova A., Mason А.

The article presents the results of a survey of 500 people during the development of the COVID-19 epidemic. Among the respondents, 272 respondents were treated in the intensive care unit due to a serious condition, 228 were in hospital. The survey included questions related to the detection of anxiety disorders according to the C. D. Spielberger scale. The results of the questionnaire showed that a high level of reactive anxiety prevails among patients who have arrived for a long time in the intensive care unit. In contrast, the respondents who received treatment on an outpatient basis had an average level of reactive anxiety.

177-182

Authors: Tabysheva A., Maimerova G., Shaiderova I.

The article presents data on social the risk factors for the birth of premature newborns who were on inpatient treatment in the perinatal center of Osh (Kyrgyz Republic). The study group included 93 children, the first group consisted of premature newborns with ENMT 31 (25.2%), the second group — 62 (50.4%) newborns with ONMT, the comparison group included 30 (24.4%) premature newborns.

189-193

Authors: Matisakov T., Zhogashtiev N., Ergeshov M.

The article discusses the possibility of assessing the amount of solar energy available on the basis of calculation. The study examined the conditions for the correct placement of solar installations at any time of the year. The possibility of installing solar installations around the object was considered. Various barriers to the use of solar installations in winter are analyzed.

200-205

Authors: Razzakov A., Latipova M., Qodirov A.

Using experimental data, as well as using theoretical calculations, the results of studies of the composition of melt solutions (Sn + Ge + Si, Ga + Ge + Si) from temperature conditions are presented. Single-crystal films of a graded-gap solid solution Si1-xGex (0 substrates were obtained by liquid-phase epitaxy from a limited tin, gallium solution-melt. Optimal technological growth modes are found for obtaining crystalline perfect epitaxial layers and structures.

212-217.

Authors: Usmanov D., Umarova M., Abdullaeva D., Rustamova M.

The article under discussion investigates the questions of rational and economic expediency in cleaning and storage of highly clogged and wet raw cotton of manual and machine picking. The purpose of the article is to consider proposals for design changes in new machines proposed by the authors, aimed at increasing their productivity and improving the quality of cotton fiber during cotton ginning. The authors of the article determined the reasons of raw cotton self-heating in bunches and covered storages, besides the process of raw cotton overheating with the help of centrifugal fan during transportation by suction pipeline has been studied as well.

29-44

Authors: Kobzar V.

More than 12,000 species belong to the Poaceae family globally; 300 species grow in Kyrgyzstan, anemophilous and releasing a huge amount of pollen into the atmosphere. Poaceae pollen is currently considered the leading airborne biological pollutant (PM10) and the leading cause of pollen allergy worldwide. She is one of the top global aeroallergens. Poaceae pollen has common features: small size, homogeneous morphology, high pollen production and abundance of species. The aim of this work was to study the effect of environmental pollutants on the pollen of Poaceae plants, the classification of identified teratomorphoses and assessment of their specific contribution to the aerobiological situation. The study of Poaceae pollen from various observation points of Kyrgyzstan using scanning electron microscopy revealed teratomorphoses of varying degrees of complexity: 1) deformation; 2) perforation; 3) fragmentation; 4) complex changes in the sculptural elements of the exine surface; 5) combined teratomorphosis, including several types with the transformation of one modification into another. This article summarizes the results of studies reflecting the effects of environmental pollutants on Poaceae pollen, and ultimately on the severity of symptoms and the prevalence of pollinosis.

52-60

Authors: Asadov H., Bagirova S., Mirjalally I., Efendiyeva R., Atayeva H.

The aim of the scientific work is to identify the degree of salt tolerance of new tree-shrub species brought from various soil and climatic regions of the world, introduced and widely used in landscape arrangements on the Absheron peninsula of Azerbaijan. In connection with the expansion and development of urban development, greening arrangements are also expanded, the appearance of large cities changed, the number of new parks, boulevards and green spaces increased, especially in the coastal zones of the Caspian Sea embankments. The structure of the soil of the Absheron Peninsula is sandy, sandy-loamy, with low water retention capacity. The Absheron peninsula of Azerbaijan is characterized by a characteristic sign of arid zones. However, the soil composition remains unchanged, which is characterized by chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride and chloride-carbonate salinization. In the coastal zones, chloride-carbonate salinization predominates, mainly 1500–2000 m from the sea, mainly chloride-sulfate, and sulfate-chloride in the central part of the peninsula. Due to the degree of salinity, the degree of salt tolerance is different for different species of woody-shrub plants. In the natural flora of the peninsula tree species are completely absent, the species composition of shrubs is small, mainly are found ephemeral and ephemerid species of herbaceous plants. The objects of study were Magnolia grandiflora L., Cupressus macrocarpa L., Sophora japonica L., among shrubs Nandina domestica Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Jasminum nudiflorum L., Lisium chinensis Mill, Euonymus japonica L., Nerium oleander, new types of cypress trees, various types of palm trees, etc. It was revealed that, in saline soil of the Absheron peninsula, the degree of influence of salinizing ions (Cl−, SO42−, and CO32−) on the accumulation of chlorophylls in the leaves of new introduced species has a direct correlative relationship. Toxic ions affect the protein-chlorophyll bond, the destruction of chloroplasts, and a decrease in photosynthesis, resulting in the formation of chlorophyllide and phytic acid, which promotes the formation of burns on a leaf blade and reduced the photosynthetic productivity.

67-74

Authors: Pahlevanyan A., Martirosyan G., Tadevosyan L., Vardanian I.

The purpose of this work is to study and identify the optimal method of sowing and plant feeding surface in seed-production of melon crop, providing a high yield of healthy varietal seeds with a low self-cost. The experiments were carried out in 2018–2020. on the experimental fields of the Scientific Center of Vegetable and Industrial Crops of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Armenia. The influence of the sowing scheme 200+80/2×60, 200+80/2×80 and 200+80/2×100 cm on phenological and quality indicators, fruit and seed productivity, average fruit weight, and resistance to diseases was studied. The study object was mid-early ripening melon variety Arpi, which is distinguished by high productivity and taste quality. The control was the sowing scheme 200+80/2×80 cm, which is generally accepted in the agricultural technology of melon cultivation in the Ararat valley. It was found that in case of low-density planting of plants (1.4 m2), the weight of one fruit is the heaviest (4.0 kg), but the productivity of the fruits is reduced by 11.6% in comparison with the control, and in case of high-density planting by 19.3%. Meanwhile, as the feeding area of one plant increases, in relation to the total yield the marketable yield increases, respectively 92.3%; 94.1% and 95.3%. The results of the experiments allow us to state the fact that high density of the seed producing field (feeding area 0.84 m2) contributes to an increase of seed yield by 27.3% compared to the control, to some extent reducing the self cost of seeds, however significant changes in quality indicators of the Arpi variety were not found. In its turn, early diagnosis of diseases based on the modern PCR method allows to take protective measures in time and accordingly contributes to the production of healthy seeds.

83-88

Authors: Soldatova S., Filatova G.

Methods for determining the freshness of mammalian meat are considered in the article, their comparative assessment is carried out. The results of histological studies of meat, including those thawed or injected with complex food additives, are presented. The characteristic features and main differences in the microstructure of muscle fibers after repeated defrosting and after treatment with water-retaining additives have been determined.

112-121

Authors: Bolotina N., Ku Bok Sun

The article is devoted to the study of psychosomatic behavior styles in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders. Empirically revealed the relationship between the psychosomatic behavior styles and individual typological characteristics. The results of the study showed that people with schizophrenic spectrum disorders have two styles of psychosomatic behavior: cognitive and socio-cultural. It was found that this sample is characterized by such personal characteristics as anxiety, introversion, lability and sensitivity.

130-151

Authors: Chaulin A.

Laboratory biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases play a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis, establishing the prognosis of patients, and correcting therapy. Therefore, the search for new cardiovascular diseases biomarkers, as well as the study and clarification of their clinical and diagnostic value, is an important task of modern healthcare. This article discusses the clinical and diagnostic value of new cardiovascular diseases biomarkers. The classification of cardiovascular diseases biomarkers is given. In a comparative aspect, new markers specific to myocardial tissue (highly sensitive cardiac troponins) are considered. Some new non-myocardial tissue-specific markers, in particular myeloperoxidase, are also discussed.

163-178

Authors: Bulgakova S., Sirotko I., Romanchuk P.

Currently, three main problems have been updated in gerontology and geriatrics: the first “early” is osteoporosis, the second “late” is Alzheimer’s disease, and the third “doubled” (comorbid, combined) is the presence of two diseases: Alzheimer’s disease and osteoporosis. The bone, in addition to mechanical and protective function, serves as a custodian of bone marrow cells and an organ for regulating the homeostasis of calcium ions. In the circadian gerontological period, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes are determined by their respective functions of bone formation and bone resorption, and in the clinical-geriatric period of bone aging, bones and bone cells will change. 5P medicine and 5G medical services, new generation sequencing and pharmacogenetics are new modern foundations (paradigms) of personalized medicine — a key basis for understanding the common mechanisms of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease. The presence of multiple chronic conditions in gerontology and geriatrics requires the use and clinical application of information and communication infrastructure 5G the next generation, neuromarketing and neurobial, neuroimaging consciousness and brain-machine interfaces, biorobots and biochips. 5P medicine and functioning of integrated neural systems through integration and analysis of dynamic hybrid multimodal neural EEG and fMRI information, combined with neuropsychological testing, will allow the geriatrician to manage (prevent and predict), not only healthy aging of Homo sapiens, but also timely diagnosis of osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease, treatment start time, definition. Early age (from 40–45 years) diagnosis, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis using tools (technologies) 5P medicine and 5G medical services, will manage the medical, socio-economic problem of our time. Early age diagnosis, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis using tools (technologies) 5P medicine and 5G medical services, allows you to manage a “silent epidemic” (“hidden epidemic”) of the 21st century with the help of non-medicamentous treatments — three multi-paradigm platforms: healthy lifestyle, physical activity, functional nutrition (balanced, healthy, natural). The key to the success of osteoporosis treatment is in a new 5P medicine based on a deep individualized approach and motivation to prevent diseases.

187-192

Authors: Matkeeva A.

The article presents the characteristics of 60 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aged 6 to 11 years, depending on the type of classification, who were treated at the National Center for Maternal and Child Health (Bishkek).

197-207

Authors: Chen Fengxiang, Yang Lei

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are vital energy-conversion devices in a hydrogen-fueled economic. In this study, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study 4e− oxygen reduction reaction process on transition metal embedded in single and double vacancies (SV and DV) in a graphene. We calculated bonding energy and adsorption energy on CoX3 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) and CoX4 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) embedded in graphene. Our DFT results indicate that formation of CoX3 is unfeasible and the formation of CoX4 is feasible. In addition, the crucial role of ligand atoms near embedded metal atoms is revealed via the molecular orbital theory. Then the Gibbs free energy of CoX4 are calculated and the CoN4, CoS4, and CoP4 are predicted to be active for catalyzing ORR, and these also show ligand atoms’ coordination effect for catalytic activity of central metal. Furthermore, we observed that they have identical rate-determining step (RDS). This work can provide some references for transition atoms catalytic doped in carbon materials.

213-219

Authors: Rykova L.

The problem of creating an accessible living environment in our country over the past decades is one of the most urgent. International obligations and national legislation approved the principles on which the state’s policy regarding disabled people should be based. Transport mobility is an essential prerequisite for the active involvement of people with disabilities in society. The effectiveness of creating an accessible environment in transport depends on the availability of well-trained specialists. In order to form appropriate competencies for students in transport specialties at transport universities of the country, the discipline “Organization of an accessible environment for people with disabilities in transport” is included in the professional cycles of some educational programs. Studying the issues of organizing the interaction of participants in the process of forming an accessible environment, within the framework of the indicated discipline, required additional studies aimed at analyzing and systematizing a large amount of information related to regulatory support and modern technologies for providing transportation services to the population. The article is devoted to the organization of interaction of participants in the formation of an accessible environment for people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility using the example of railway transport.

227-236

Authors: Berketova L., Korotkovа D.

As you know, the formation of the diet of various peoples of the world is influenced by many factors: first of all, geographical location and climate, which determines the consumption of certain types of fruits, plants, and animals. This formed the people’s features in the development and structure of the body and led to differences in health. The article provides information about the food traditions of the northern ethnic groups. The “northern” type of metabolism requires the predominance of protein and fat components in the diet. Studies show that people who came to the Far North from the middle latitudes, their need for protein increased by 16%, in fat by 42%, in carbohydrates decreased by 40%. Food rich in fat and high in calories allows you to saturate the body and give it the necessary amount of energy without increasing the volume of food consumption. Meat products: deer meat, game, meat of large marine animals: walruses, seals, whales. Pinniped meat per 100 g contains 24.5 g of protein and 113 kcal. It is also rich in potassium, sodium and phosphorus, vitamins A, B2 and other compounds. An important role in the life of Northern peoples is played by berries: cranberries and cloudberries, which contain dietary fiber (2.5 g and 6.3 g), vitamins B2 (0.02 mg and 0.07 mg), C (15 mg and 29 mg), E (1 mg and 1.5 mg), magnesium (7 mg and 29 mg), calcium (25 mg and 15 mg), phosphorus (16 mg and 29 mg), potassium (90 mg and 180 mg). Wild sorrel, wild cherry, lichen and other herbs are widely used in food and medicine and contain a complex of enzymes, vitamins, fat, and organic acids. The main product is sea and river fish: whitefish, white salmon, tugun, arctic cisco and others. Fish is served in dried, boiled, smoked, salted, frozen or baked types, usually without a side dish, which is not so common in the North, most often it is replaced by berries or roots. In winter, stroganina is a delicacy. Dried fish also goes into flour, which is used to make soup, bake bread, or mix with berries. The article presents information on such dishes as ngaibat, kanyga, “blood soup”, kopal’khen or kymgyt, kiviak, akutaq and others.

245-253

Authors: Yakubova U., Parpieva N., Mirhojaeva N.

The paper provides some applications of matrix theory in economics. In particular, when the industry is connected by production and consumption of different products, the number of planned gross product of industries, inter-industry delivery of products, and net products of industries is calculated. The task of finding the budgets of states, with the specified structural matrix of trade of these states and the sum of their budgets, is also being considered. In addition, the application of the concept of eigenvector and eigenvalue to find the ratio of state budgets to balance the trade of participating states is considered.

258-261

Authors: Buyalo A., Kakunina A.

The article provides an analysis and systematization of the reasons for abandoning trains, highlighting the main reasons, as well as factors of the first and second levels. At present, intelligent systems are undergoing great development. Such a system is an intelligent control system for railway transport. Savings, if used according to the calculations, will be significant. Also, a large number of receiving and departure tracks at intermediate stations are freed, which will increase the efficiency of the railway performance, as well as reduce the losses of shippers. In conclusion, it is concluded that an integrated approach is needed from the side of the logistics component and from the side of the organization of train traffic.

266-270

Authors: Alymbaeva Z., Alimakhunov A.

This article examines the new world order that humanity faced with the collapse of the bipolar security system. The new paradigms of the world order have contributed to Kyrgyzstan to conduct an independent, domestic and foreign policy that meets national interests. With new vectors of politics, society found itself under the influence of new contents of the information industry, which carried threats and challenges to the foundations of statehood. In order to eliminate the indicated contents of threats and challenges, a number of fundamental documents were developed and adopted, which are aimed at ensuring security with all its components.

276-281

Authors: Alakhunov N.

The article discusses the admissibility of termination of an agreement on pleading guilty by the suspect and the accused both in the course of pre-trial proceedings and in court proceedings in criminal cases of grave and crimes. It should be noted that the criminal procedure code did not directly provide for a mechanism for terminating an agreement on pleading guilty to the suspects and accused in criminal cases. This significantly leads to a violation of not only the fundamental law of state but also the constitutional rights and freedoms of the individual. This article attempts to design a mechanism for terminating an agreement on the plea of guilty of suspects and accused in criminal cases.

287-290

Authors: Vidyasova I., Khudoikina T.

This article reveals the legal regulation of educational activities at the federal level. The essential advantages of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, adopted in 2012, are indicated. The problematic aspects are revealed that do not allow to regulate educational activities effectively enough. Prospective ways of solving the problems identified during the study are proposed.

297-302

Authors: Averkovich P.

The need to write this article is due to the existing problems of adaptation to the order and conditions of serving sentences of women sentenced to imprisonment and the lack of legal regulation in addressing these issues. Since a reasonable solution to these issues negatively affects the implementation of the criminal Executive policy of Russia.

309-313

Authors: Kachikeev T., Kozhogeldieva M.

The interdependence of the age characteristics of children worries not only scientists, but also parents. This article addresses the issue of the child's activity in the early age period. The ability of adults to create conditions for the child's substantive actions provide an opportunity for timely mental development. Through manipulation, children learn about the world, assimilate the meanings of objects and situations. The perception of the surrounding reality expands the inner world of the child. Objective actions jointly with an adult develop cognitive processes, form the emotional-volitional sphere of children. The works of many scientists remind about the socio-psychological characteristics of young children, as well as the studies of Kyrgyz scientists. Observations have shown in practice the importance of object-related actions at an early age, when manipulation provides information about the world around us, about the features of things, situations, and relationships. Features of mental manifestations at an early age affect further development.

324-329

Authors: Bekturov T., Chelpakova S.

Under the context of growing demand for teachers’ professional training, the issues of the formation and improvement of their pedagogical mastery become of current interest. A teacher who wants to develop his/her pedagogical skills shall constantly learn to apply pedagogical methods in his/her work. After all, the professional competence of a teacher directly depends on the possession of professional technique. The purpose of this work is to clarify the concept of “pedagogical technique” and determine its place and role in improvement of teacher’s professional mastery. In this regard, methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, and clarification were used. The narrative of the importance of clarifying the definition of the term is presented for defense and the version proposed is as follows: “Pedagogical technique is an important component within the structure of pedagogical skills, their forms, practical manifestation, through which a high level of pedagogical professionalism can be formed and developed”. The knowledge of structure of pedagogical methods and formation of appropriate behavioral skills increase the teacher’s professionalism. Therefore, in teacher’s activities, pedagogical technique steps forward as a system of social and pedagogical support of the educational process, which performs a number of functions in teaching and educational work.

339-344

Authors: Agliulova L., Panyagin D.

Physical education classes are already in need of modernization due to declining attendance rates and student satisfaction with the program. And yoga together with meditation and pranayama can be an effective substitute. Outside of Russia, the benefits of this practice have long been studied and are already being used for the prevention and treatment of most physiological and psychological problems of people. Students of technical universities were selected to study and conduct the experiment, as they have an analytical mindset and hard work. The practice of meditation helped balance their brain activity and yoga classes improved their health and learned how to help their body after hard work or long sitting at the computer. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the introduction of yoga into the program significantly improved the physical indicators of students, the quality of their learning and emotional state.

380-386

Authors: Mikhailova E., Khlebnikov A.

The article deals with the organization of preventive measures aimed at reducing intra-school conflicts in the context of distance learning. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the results of the conducted SWOT analysis, which showed that schoolteachers have certain difficulties in switching to a new form of organizing pedagogical work. As a result of the study, new school management mechanisms were developed, which allowed to optimize the work of teachers and create favorable conditions that reduce the risk of pedagogical conflicts.

394-397

Authors: Babaeva S.

It is illuminated history of the fuel-energy complex of Surkhan oasis, the works of the Soviet government that belong to electrification, official documents which were adopted by Soviet government, analysis of statistical materials in this article. At a time when world economical relations have chosen new directions of development and It has begun radical changes on this basis, the controversial situation in the Turkestan has allowed for the timely adaptation of technical innovations and the implementation of large-scale measures to introduce them into the country’s industry. The process of electrification of the Turkestan region has experienced a similarly complex historical reality, at the first colony, after then it lagged far behind electricity consumption in the central regions as a marginal country in the period of Soviet government.

405-410

Authors: Khujanazarov A., Allamuratov Sh.

The article is devoted to the history of medicine in our country, as well as to questions and solutions. Analyzing, for example, how the health care system has taken into account the impact of reforms over the past four years.

417-426

Authors: Karataeva S.

The purpose of our article can be characterized as a scientific review of the vocal system of the Kyrgyz language against the background of Turkic phonology and the patterns of development of the vocal paradigm, the transformation and evolution of long vowels in the historical context (influence of the Arabic language) of Central Asia. Analyzing all data related to the long vowels’ changes in the above-mentioned language and the transformations based on Arabic borrowings. Also, subjected to a detailed analysis of the graphic influences from the side of Arabic graphics in relation to Kyrgyz phonology and linguistic facts about the transformation of Arabic tokens during adaptation in a foreign language context. Nevertheless, to explain the areal features of the Kyrgyz language on the scale of Central Asia. To demonstrate (on the example of archaic words, religious lexicon terms) the stages and patterns of the historical development of the vocal system of a given language in a comparative and cognitive plan. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to identify and describe the patterns of development of quantum phonetics, phonosemantic features of long vowels of Kyrgyz lexemes and phonemes on the one hand, and Arabic guttural and posterolinguistic connectives on the other hand. Kyrgyz and Arabic are multisystem languages. The Arabic language, in a typological sense, is inflectional and belongs to the Semitic group, at the same time, according to some scholars, the Kyrgyz is an agglutinative language and has Altai origin. It is well known that the phonetic spectrum and their variable language palette of the Arabic language is very diverse. In phonetic terms, the Arabic language has a widely developed system of consonant phonemes, on the other hand, the likelihood of the phonomorphological and phonosemantic function of vowels in the Kyrgyz language is quite high too. As part of our research, we tried to identify the seven positions of long vowels in the Arabic language, and in parallel to this show the transformations of Arabic sounds based on the internal phonetic laws of the Kyrgyz language. Consequently, the Arabic long vowels in the process of adaptation in the Kyrgyz language environment, to a certain extent, retained their quantitative character (quantum coefficient) in comparison with other Turkic languages of Central Asia.

19-32

Authors: Afonin A.

The article substantiates the need to study the development of one-year saplings from cuttings of almond willow (Salix triandra). Purpose of research: identification and analysis of seasonal dynamics of daily growth of shoots in S. triandra clones against the background of excessive atmospheric moisture in the form of three showers in 2020. Material and methods. Research methods: selection, structural-morphological, chronobiological. Object of research: model inbred-clone one-year population of S. triandra. The number of clones is 7; the recurrence is 6-fold. Material: growing annual shoots on one-year saplings; each sapling was formed into a single shoot. Results. Under experimental conditions, the rooting capacity of cuttings was 100%. Dimorphic root systems were formed on the mother cuttings of the excavated seedlings. The annual growth of the strongest shoots was 175 ... 215 cm. The daily growth in shoots reached peak values by June 10: the average daily growth was 3.6 cm/day, the maximum — 4.4 ... 4.9 cm/day. After June 10, the daily growth rate decreased unevenly until the end of the growing season. Some shoots completed growth before the beginning of August, and some continued growth until the middle of August. The cyclical nature of the seasonal dynamics of daily growth in the form of three peaks separated by two dips is established. The third peak is formed after the third rainstorm. Discussion and conclusions. Cyclical seasonal dynamics of daily growth of shoots is characterized by a high degree of synchronization of growth processes. Probably, all the shoots are affected by some powerful pulse synchronizer of unknown nature. It is possible that periodic showers may have a modifying effect on the mechanisms that regulate growth processes. The temporal discreteness of shoot morphogenesis is due to the full or partial realization of the seasonal cycle of shoot development. The duration of growth is due to interclonal and intraclonal differences. Probably, the duration of morphogenesis is controlled by both genetic and epigenetic factors.

49-54

Authors: Gurbanov E., Guseinova H.

Absheron National Park was established on the basis of Abhseron State Nature Lowland in 783 hectares of the territory of Khazar district of Baku city by the decree of the president of the country on February 08, 2005; the main purpose is to provide the protection of environment, efficient use, protection of endangered rare plant species, the development of ecotourism, organization of the tourism and recreation zones and environmental enlightenment. For this purpose, the geobotanical researches of the psammophyte-desert vegetation formed in the ecosystem (biogeocenosis) of Absheron National Park which located in the part of Suiti cape and Shahdili of the Caspian Sea in Absheron peninsular were executed by the method of “route” on May-June of 2018-2019 and the following were identified. As it can be seen from “The classification of the vegetation of Northern and southern Caspian coast” made up by us for the first time, 2 formation classes, 4 formation groups and 7 associations have been determined in the prammophyte-desert vegetation that formed in the territory of Absheron National Park.

59-76

Authors: Volobuev A., Romanov D., Romanchuk P.

The new modern world has entered a complex society. Nature its new material world of the Universe and its natural habitat, become more variable, over shorter periods of time. The system of nature–society–human is a holistic, dynamic, wave, open, steadily non-equilibrium system, with the isolation not only of internal ties, but also of external ones - with the space environment. Modern science views man, humanity and the biosphere as a single system, with growing demographic, food and medical problems. Human brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. The introduction of multi-vector neurotechnologies of artificial intelligence and the principles of digital health care will contribute to the development of modern neuroscience and neuromarketing. The introduction of biocomputer nanoplatforms and modules consisting of small molecules, polymers, nucleic acids or proteins/peptides, nanoplatforms are programmed to detect and process external stimuli, such as magnetic fields or light, or internal stimuli, such as nucleic acids, enzymes or pH, using three different mechanisms: system assembly, system disassembly or system transformation. Current biocomputer nanoplatforms are invaluable for many applications, including medical diagnostics, biomedical imaging, environmental monitoring, and delivery of therapeutic drugs to target cell populations. Integration of different sources of information will allow researchers to obtain a new holistic picture of the pathophysiological process of the disease, which will cover from molecular changes to cognitive manifestations. Cognitive memory is a continuous act of creation, one of the largest and most capacious concepts that represents the main function of memory in general. The knowledge that a person receives during training is first perceived as something external, but then gradually they turn into experience and beliefs. Cognitive memory retains all the knowledge gained, representing a kind of “library”, and the process of assimilation and preservation becomes more complicated as the information received becomes more complex.

83-92

Authors: Romanova A., Kolpak E., Andreeva U., Polina S., & Shmeleva A.

The paper develops a mathematical model of population growth in an agricultural community, covering the 17th century ad. The model takes into account two types of resources that provided life, and the influence of management structures on population growth. The analytical results are compared with the estimated data of historians and economists on the world population. Based on the statistical approach, a model for estimating the possible dynamics of population growth is proposed.

98-106

Authors: Mammadova Sh.

The article presents materials of the influence of various norms of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the bioenergetic and economic efficiency of vegetable beans. Comparison of the studied options shows that the bioenergetic efficiency of vegetable beans is the most rational in the N30P30K30 option. The intensive technology of growing vegetable beans is energy efficient, since the energy supply of all options for applying organic and inorganic fertilizers is more than one unit.

113-117

Authors: Suvorov S., Tolstokorov S.

The article provides data from studies conducted on the basis of the Saratov State Medical University on the prevention of respiratory diseases using physiotherapy and exercise therapy. In the course of the measures taken, a decrease in the incidence rate among children of this group was noted.

124-131

Authors: Beishenbaeva B.

Based on static data for the period 2010 -2019. Submitted by the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic, an analysis of the overall incidence of allergic rhinitis in the child and adult population of the Kyrgyz Republic was carried out. A logarithmic prognostic trend line was drawn for general morbidity and children aged 0 to 14 years.

158-165

Authors: Beregovoi A., Dzholbunova Z.

This article provides a comparative description of changes in the level of growth hormone and blood cortisol in adolescents with the development of meningitis of various etiologies. The study was conducted in 2019 on 48 patients aged 10 to 19 years. In comparison, the groups of patients with acute bacterial and serous meningitis are presented. The results of the study help to determine what metabolic disorders can occur with meningitis of various etiological agents, which aggravates the course of the disease, increases the risk of complications and death, as well as to build a tactics of treatment and management of such patients. Particular attention is paid to the development of stress hyperglycemia — a condition that significantly aggravates the course of a generalized infectious and inflammatory process and increases the risk of complications from many body systems.

178-187

Authors: Kasiev N. Li N.

The United Nations General Assembly in 2012, at its 66th session, recognized that oral diseases pose a serious health problem for many countries. The European Health Commission has proposed 40 dental health indicators to assess the main criteria for dental status, achievements in prevention and possible risk factors for dental diseases. Dental caries are one of the most pressing problems of pediatric dentistry not only in the world, but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. Unfortunately, in Kyrgyzstan, the incidence of caries remains stable at a high level. Finding and applying effective methods and approaches to the diagnosis of early manifestations of caries in children is a relevant and important point. Therefore, timely diagnosis of caries at the age of 6–7 years prevents the transition of initial forms of caries to carious defects, and in the future eliminates the use of invasive methods of surgical restorative treatment. Regular assessment of the possible impact of behavioral risk factors for dental caries in school-aged children should be a mandatory component of monitoring the medical effectiveness of prevention programs. Through primary and secondary dental caries prevention programs in children, it is possible to approach the best international standards for the quality of dental care for children. The solution to the problem of high incidence of dental caries in children is possible only if the preventive focus of school dentistry, consisting in hygienic education and education of schoolchildren, is prioritized. The importance of a comprehensive approach in solving the problems of pediatric dentistry lies in improving the effectiveness of the dentist and the quality of services provided.

200-222

Authors: Bulgakova S., Zakharova N., Romanchuk P.

In studies Romanchuk N.P. from invention in 2010 [68] (consisting in increasing the preventive effect on the human body through the introduction of vital food substances into a functional food product to suppress free radical activity, invasive detoxification of the human body, optimizing neurogenic regulation of vascular tone in arterial hypertension and restoring reproductive functions in males and females by optimizing the quality structure of product components), to the present [69] it has been shown that a new managed healthy biomicrobiota and personalized functional and balanced nutrition of the “brain and microbiota” is a long-term medical program of the patient, which allows the combined use of nutritional epigenetics and pharmaceuticals, and most importantly the prevention of polypharmacy. The main engine of human longevity is when microbiological memory remains stable, and the diet of functional (healthy) dietary nutrition and the structure of healthy biomicrobiota function almost unchanged. The human microbiome is a collection of all microbes that inhabit the body. The human gut microbiome is a unique collection of microorganisms that affect a number of important processes: from metabolic and immune to cognitive, and deviation of its composition from the norm leads to the development of various pathological conditions. Harmful changes in the composition or number of gut bacteria, commonly referred to as intestinal dysbacteriosis, have been associated with the development and progression of numerous diseases, including cardiovascular (CVD) diseases. Most CVD risk factors, including aging, obesity, certain dietary patterns, and sedentary lifestyles, have been shown to cause bowel dysbiosis. Dysbacteriosis is associated with gut inflammation and reduced gut barrier integrity, which in turn increases levels of circulating structural components of bacteria and microbial metabolites that may contribute to CVD development. The purpose of the present review is to summarize available data on the role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of cardiovascular function and pathological processes. Particular attention is paid to dietary-related microbiome changes, as well as cellular mechanisms by which the microbiome can alter CVD risk.

230-237

Authors: Shan J., Li J., Guo Z., Levtsev A.

The hot water supply system is one of the important components of the water supply and drainage system of high-rise civil buildings. With the development of the national economy and the improvement of people’s living standards, people’s requirements for popularizing hot water supply and improving hot water supply technology are becoming more and more urgent. In the process of hot water supply, the flow pressure of the pipeline is increased, and the purpose of hot water supply in high-rise buildings is achieved. The experiment analyzes the effect of the pressure ratio on the pipeline in front of the accumulator and the impact valve on the flow of coolant through the check valve. First, through the periodic opening and closing of the shock valve, the pressure continues to rise and fall, and the spring hose exhibits periodic pulsation. The effects of different pressure ratios on pipeline pressure and flow rate are studied, and the data of simulation calculation and actual measurement are analyzed through experiments. The research results have practical significance for improving the water supply efficiency of the hot water supply system of high-rise buildings.

248-253

Authors: Guo Z., Shan J., Li J., Levtsev A.

Baffle heat exchanger is widely used in various production activities because of its simple design and strong adaptability, so the structural optimization of baffle heat exchanger is of great significance to engineering practice. COMSOL software was used to simulate the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with baffles. By comparing and analyzing the simulation results, we find that the temperature field and pressure field of baffle plate are distributed evenly; The existence of baffles leads to the transverse flow of air, which increases the heat exchange area. Another advantage of using baffles is that vibration due to fluid flow can be reduced.

262-269

Authors: Li J., Shan J., Guo Z., Levtsev A.

In recent years, the enhancement of heat transfer by pulsating flow has become a research hotspot. A great deal of work has been done in the past, with remarkable results, to achieve better heat transfer rates. How to improve the efficiency of heat exchanger is always a research topic. In this paper, pulsating air flow is formed by standard ventilation grille and electric actuator, and the pulsating air flow is guided through two-stage heat exchanger to study the influence of pulsating air flow on heat transfer efficiency. The experimental results show that the heat transfer efficiency can be improved by pulsating flow and the heat recovery efficiency can be reduced by increasing the flow rate of the heating medium.

279-287

Authors: Guo Z., Shan J., Li J., Levtsev A.

Pulse enhanced heat transfer technology is introduced, and a plate heat exchanger is designed. A pulsating valve is installed at the outlet of the heat exchanger to pulsate the heat medium. Pulsating and non-pulsating heat transfer tests are carried out on the same heat exchanger. On the basis of experiments, the effective temperature difference, heat flow and convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger at different pulse frequencies are analyzed by combining the theory of pulse enhanced heat transfer technology, heat transfer capacity, heat flow and convective heat transfer coefficient. Find the relationship between pulsation frequency of heat transfer effect of heat exchanger. The experimental results show that the heat exchanger has high heat transfer efficiency under the experimental conditions when there is pulsation.

296-299

Authors: Toktorbaeva G., Tashpolotov Y., Ysmanov E.

Pyrogenic gums of walnut shells are raw materials for various commercial products, for example, phenols. In the process of pyrolysis, valuable organic products are formed: volatile gases — 33.5%, liquid substances (organic substances) — 35% and charcoal — 31.4%. In this work, we studied the chemical composition of the fraction of the pyrolysis resin of walnut shells using a TKP-160 Cr-MIUKhL thermostat using a refrigerator. In the resin reactor, the following products were separated: light, phenolic, naphthalene, absorbent, anthrocene and pitch. It has been established that the separated organic fractions depend on the individual boiling off of substances.

305-310

Authors: Osekova G., Tashpolotov Y.

In the article, sodium acetate was studied and obtained from carboxylic acids from coal tar of brown coal by the method of neutralization, and drying and crystallization were made. Investigated and obtained ethyl acetate from carboxylic acids from the resin of Uzgen brown coal, by the esterification method and by the low-temperature distillation method. Excess carboxylic acids and azeotropic substances were checked, repeated purification was done and pure ethyl acetate was obtained at a temperature of 77–78 °C.

316-321

Authors: Khujaev P., Saidkhojaev Kh., Saidgufronov N.

The calculation of operating costs during heat generation in boilers is considered in this article. Presented approximation curves that increase the range of applications of the method.

330-334

Authors: Khajayev R.

In Uzbekistan there are high rates of population growth, the state program of urbanization is planned. In today's conditions, the renovation of residential buildings is widely used in the world practice. Taking into account the positive aspects of this method, it is proposed to use it in the domestic practice of reproduction of housing stock in large cities.

340-349

Authors: Miroshnichenko Yu., Osadskaya A., Shcherbakov S.

The purpose of the study is to assess the labor costs of teachers to create programs of additional professional education. The SIM-UML system is used to build visual and simulation models of additional professional education processes. As a result of modeling, the estimation of labor costs in manual and automated versions is obtained.

357-361

Authors: Davydova N., Khudoikina T.

The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the fact that in recent years in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation great attention is paid to physical culture and sports, federal programs for the development of physical culture and sports are being developed and implemented, sports facilities are being built for all categories of citizens. There is an active promotion of a healthy lifestyle, in connection with which, an interest in regular sports has been entrenched in society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legislative regulation of the legal status of a sportsman in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, since each region has its own distinctive features. To achieve the goal, the authors set the tasks to study the legislation on sports of the Republic of Mordovia. The article considers the current regional regulatory legal acts.

368-374

Authors: Platonova K., Koval K., Shumova K.

Within the framework of this article, the features of the review of cases are disclosed, in order to correct the admitted judicial errors, in the order of instance by the courts of appeal and cassation. The importance and effectiveness of the transformation of courts of appeal and cassation under the influence of the ongoing judicial reform is analyzed.

382-386

Authors: Zhdanova A.

Modern psychological studies of communicative competence indicate the need to improve and maintain the proper level of this skill, adequate and productive interpersonal interaction. Communication competence — the ability to establish and maintain the necessary contacts with other people. Effective communication is characterized by mutual understanding of partners, a deep understanding of the situation and the subject of communication. So as to save citizens from disability is not enough to create specific health and social conditions, according to the who, health only 10% depends on the state of health — one of the main factors in maintaining the optimum degree of effectiveness of remedial measures becomes a subjective factor of interpersonal interaction between doctor and patient. Each patient under the influence of external circumstances (financial situation, family relations, medical and preventive care, etc.) and psychological factors develops their attitude to the disease, which does not always coincide with the doctor's recommendations, which can lead to conflicts in therapy. Doctor–patient interaction is also a process of communication in which a positive therapeutic Alliance must be formed, otherwise, in the presence of confrontational moods, effective cooperation in the doctor-patient dyad becomes unattainable — the patient’s recovery becomes at risk.

407-411

Authors: Smirnova E.

This article examines the problem of the formation of conflictological competence, which is fundamental in the teacher’s professiogram. Namely, the reasons for the high conflict potential of the educational environment, the possibility of its optimization. The article describes the analysis of the teacher’s conflictological competence from the standpoint of its essence and structure, as well as the possibility of its development.

419-425

Authors: Yakubova U., Parpieva N., Mirhojaeva N.

The article describes the role of web technologies in effective teaching of mathematics at universities. The advantages of the use of WebQuests are defined. This study aims to examine the effect of WebQuests used in instruction on students’ academic achievements and the student and teacher opinions on WebQuests.

434-437

Authors: Petrov I.

Limiting a person’s lifestyle to objective social conditions is usually due to the fact that they determine the essence and nature of people's life activities. However, not only social, but also natural factors determine people’s life activity. The article shows that the way of life of people can be studied only in unity with the conditions of life. Its essence should be revealed taking into account the influence of natural and social conditions on it. This means that the concepts of “living conditions” and “lifestyle” are inseparable, but it does not mean that one of them becomes an integral part of the other. In fact, living conditions, or rather the natural and social spheres, only describe the possible range of people’s activities. It is emphasized that not only living conditions shape the way of life of a person, but he himself changes the surrounding conditions, both social and natural, during his life.

442-447

Authors: Murodova D.

The article emphasizes the importance of the city of Margilan, which plays an important role in the urban planning of South Fergana, based on the information provided in written sources. The formation of anthropogenic landscapes in urban planning processes is covered on the basis of finds of archaeologists who researched in this area.

454-460

Authors: Tairova F.

The given article deals with issues related to the relationship between phraseological units and words, and provides definitions of the term “phraseological unit”. A significant part of the article is devoted to the review and analysis of different views of scientists on the theory of equivalence of phraseological units with words. The results of the analysis are used to formulate conclusions about the relationship between words and phraseological units.

18-36

Authors: Afonin A.

The article substantiates the need to study the influence of hydrothermic conditions on the linear growth of shoots of woolly-stemmed willow. Purpose of research: identification and analysis structure of seasonal dynamics of internodes length of the shoots of S. dasyclados against the background of short atmospheric drought. Object of research: model inbred-clone population of S. dasyclados. Material: growing and matured annual shoots on two-year-old roots. Research methods: empirical methods of experimental botany, computer technologies of data analysis. Results. Against the background of the change of the early summer drought by cool rainy weather, the annual growth of the strongest shoots was 1.3 ... 2.5 m. The average length of internodes on the shoot varied from 23 to 31 mm. Seasonal dynamics of internode length can be approximated by linear trends in the first approximation. The deviations of the internode length from linear trends are nonlinear and are approximated by the equations of harmonic oscillations with a period of 96 ... 192 days. The strength of the influence of these harmonics on the seasonal dynamics of deviations of the internode length from linear trends is 2 ... 54%. The cyclicity of seasonal dynamics of deviations of internode length from linear trends is established. The revealed cyclicity is determined by the interaction of endogenous sub-annual and infradian biorhythms. Subannual biorhythms are approximated by harmonic oscillations with a period of 48 (64) days. The contribution of these biorhythms to the overall cyclicity is 23 ... 76%. Multi-day or infradian biorhythms are approximated by harmonic oscillations with a period of 19 … 24 (32) days. The contribution of these biorhythms to the overall cyclicity is 3 ... 35%. High-frequency oscillations with a period of 12 ... 16 days are disordered. Differences between series of seasonal dynamics of internode length are determined by differences between shoots of a single ramet, between different ramets, and between different clones. The influence of early summer drought stress on the seasonal dynamics of internode length has not been established.

45-52

Authors: Krylova E.

Erodium tataricum is a herbaceous perennial multi-headed tap-root (caudex) plant. Hemicryptophyte. Endemic. The ontogenetic structure was studied in the shrub-herb-grass petrophysics steppe. Individuals of the species have four periods and ten ontogenetic states. It was revealed that the population is normal with an incomplete spectrum. In accordance with the classification of A. A. Uranova and O. V. Smirnova, the population is definitive. According to the criterion of the absolute maximum, the population is young. The ontogenetic spectrum of the population is left-sided. A specific ontogenetic spectrum corresponds to a characteristic ontogenetic spectrum, i.e. biology of the species. According to the ontogenetic spectrum, the development of the population is characterized as sustainable. The peculiarity of Erodium tataricum is that on all aerial parts of the plant there is abundant pubescence, but in the old generative ontogenetic state, pubescence on the leaves decreases. The reproduction of the species is carried out by seed. In the subsenile ontogenetic state, senile particulation is possible.

62-68

Authors: Salmanova R.

The results of studies on the distribution of species of the Orchidaceae Juss. family in the shrubbery and forest vegetation of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic have been presented in paper. The Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. species was identified in small groups (by 2–3 individuals in each) in the upper part of the Duylunchay river basin of the Ordubad districts, in the lower and middle mountains in the vicinity of the Mazra River, in formations in shady places have been revealed during the studies. Species Listera ovata (L.) R. Br., Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski, D. salina (Turcz. ex Lindl.) Soó, Orchis simia Lam., O. mascula (L.) L., Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb., Anacamptis laxiflora ssp. palustris (Jacq.) Kuropatkin & Efimov, of the Orchidaceae family are most often found among the shrubbery and forest vegetation of the study area.

74-87

Authors: Sariyeva G.

The results of phytoproductivity in dynamics and some energy indicators of Artemisetum–Ephemerosum and Alhagietum–Artemisosum on the territory of the Ganykh–Airichai valley of Azerbaijan are presented. These are typical semi-desert coenosis. Analysis of quantitative indicators of energy consumption in plant communities over the period of research showed that 2 types of weather and climatic conditions determined 2 contrasting periods of development. Data on the aboveground and underground biomass in the studied communities are given. A comparative analysis has been carried out.

96-102

Authors: Bekbanov B., Nagymetov O.

The issue of optimal seeding rates of spring wheat varieties in extreme conditions of Karakalpakstan is considered. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 with 3 varieties of spring wheat with different agroecotypes: Saratovskaya-29, Semarang, and Zhanub gather. Sowing was carried out with 10-row plots with a row spacing of 15 cm. The plot length was 10 m, width — 1.5 m. The plant nutrition area was changed by thickening them in the plot. As a result of the work, it was revealed that in the soil and climatic conditions of Karakalpakstan, the most optimal ratios between biomass and grain weight in plants are manifested in crops with a plant density of 450–500 plants per 1 m2, which corresponds to seeding rates of 180–200 kg/ha.

114-119

Authors: Farmanov T., Yusupova F.

The development of agriculture depends primarily on the availability of water resources. The current critical situation in the field of water on earth, which is already called Blue Gold, requires rational use of water resources, improvement of the agricultural system, which ensures a reduction in water use, and the introduction of modern water-saving technologies. Objective: To develop scientifically based proposals and practical recommendations to encourage the use of water-saving technologies in agriculture. Results: The proposed legal, organizational, and economic measures will contribute to the further development of water-saving technologies in agriculture.

127-166

Authors: Romanchuk N.

The human immune system and microbiota jointly evolve, and their balanced systemic interaction occurs throughout life. This close association of both overall composition and microbiota richness plays an important role in modulating host immunity and can influence the immune response in vaccination. The availability of innovative technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and correlated bioinformatics tools, allows deeper investigation of the cross-network relationships between the microbiota and human immune responses. A new managed healthy microbiota and personalized functional and balanced “brain and microbiota” nutrition is a patient’s long-term medical program that allows the combined use of nutritional epigenetics and pharmacogenetics, and most importantly, the prevention of polypharmacy. A functional food product using biomarkers and artificial intelligence technologies is a targeted nutrient medium for both the body as a whole and microbiota in particular. Lifestyle and environmental factors leave epigenetic traces on our DNA that affect gene expression, some have protective effects and others are harmful. Genetic and epigenetic factors that ensure longevity and super-longevity require a reasonable new interaction with nature and society, and responsibility for future healthy generations. In the studies of P. I. Romanchuk, it was shown that an increase in the average life expectancy of a person and neuroendocrine changes in physiological and pathological aging, on the one hand, epigenetic factors and electromagnetic information load/overload, on the other hand, made a significant contribution to the circadian nature of the neural network interaction of the human brain with artificial intelligence. The microbiota is a key element potentially capable of affecting antigen functions to elicit a protective immune response and the ability of the immune system to adequately respond to antigenic stimulation (vaccine efficacy) by acting as an immunological modulator as well as a natural vaccine adjuvant. The mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the immune system play a crucial role, especially at an early age (early gut microbiota forms immunological functions). New interactions, along with other genetic and environmental factors, lead to a certain composition and richness of the microbiota, which can diversify the individual response to vaccinations. Variations in microbial communities may partly explain the geographical heterogeneity in vaccination success, and a deep understanding of these dynamics may be a tool for improving immunization strategies.

174-181

Authors: Babayev F.

Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, autoimmune diseases, urinary tract infections, urolithiasis, urinary tract obstruction, toxic effects of drugs, cardiovascular diseases, etc. In order to study the effect of several risk factors on the development of chronic kidney disease and the role of each factor in comparison with the proportion of their effect on the final result, a dispersion analysis was carried out. It was revealed that the development of chronic kidney disease in men is influenced by diabetes mellitus (H/h=+0.69), diabetic nephropathy (H/h=+0.71), obesity (H/h=+0.36), arterial hypertension (H/h=+0.70), coronary heart disease (H/h=+0.62), renal stone disease (H/h =+0.37), urolithiasis (H/h=+0.41), chronic pyelonephritis (H/h=+0.39), chronic glomerulonephritis (H/h=+0.81), polycystic kidney disease (H/h=+0.68), autoimmune diseases (H/h=+0.67). In women, diabetes mellitus (H/h=+0.70), diabetic nephropathy (H/h=+0.73), obesity (H/h=+0.45), arterial hypertension (H/h=+0.71), ischemic heart disease (H/h=+0.52), urinary tract infections (H/h=+0.63), renal stone disease (H/h=+0.35), urolithiasis (H/h=+0.36), chronic pyelonephritis (H/h=+0.47), chronic glomerulonephritis (H/h=+0.79), polycystic kidney disease (H/h=+0.59), iron deficiency anemia (H/h=+0.37), autoimmune diseases (H/h=+0.66). Variance analysis revealed direct strong and average correlation relationships of risk factors according to the validity of their negative influence in men, with the exception of urinary tract infection and iron deficiency anemia, where weak correlation relationships were revealed. In women, direct strong and average correlations of all risk factors in the validity of their negative effects were identified. Increasing the wariness of doctors at the primary level in identifying risk factors and its timely correction will reduce the incidence of chronic kidney disease.

192-197

Authors: Evseev A.

According to the statistics submitted by the World Health Organization, sugar consumption has been constantly increasing worldwide. Craving for sugary foods is a fairly common form of addiction. Poor nutrition, caused by external and internal factors, provokes an increase in the incidence of obesity, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. This deadly triad annually takes hundreds of thousands of lives across the globe, since the pathologies listed above often go hand in hand, being interconnected. The article discusses the problem of using artificial and natural sweeteners in diet therapy for diabetes mellitus. Nutritionists around the world are concerned about how to preserve the usual sweet taste of dishes and drinks for patients with diabetes, on the one hand, yet avoiding additional harm to their health, and possibly improving the quality of diabetic life, on the other. The author summarized the materials on recent clinical studies on the subject discussed. The article analyses the four sweeteners most commonly used by diabetics: fructose, sorbitol, xylitol, and honey stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaf powder. Considerable attention is paid to the history of the appearance of each of the substances and medicinal raw materials studied. The author indicates their safe properties and possible disadvantages of use, as well as side effects.

204-210

Authors: Abdullayeva M.

In this work are developed the basic electrophysical properties of the ester- acetoxymethyl-sec.hexyl-o-xylene; methods for its purification and stabilization. There were chosen the adsorption method of thermo-oxidative stabilization to clean dielectric fluid from conductive impurities. As a result of The electrophysical characteristics of the acetoxymethyl-sec.hexyl-o-xylene ester, as well as the method of its purification using alumina, and hydrogenation on a catalyst representing 0.2% palladium on alumina and stabilization using additives NG-2246. As a result of the research, it was possible to obtain an ester with improved electrophysical parameters.

222-228

Authors: Guseva T., Soldatova S., Karanyan O.

The article describes the features of the organoleptic assessment and interpretation of the results of butter. The organoleptic and Physico-chemical characteristics of food products change over time. The analysis of the qualitative properties of the product is given for all the main parameters. In conclusion, the authors concluded that in addition to the input, there should be periodic control during storage.

235-240

Authors: Madaminov I.

The article discusses topical issues of achieving economic growth based on increasing investment activity in the regions of the country. Improving the investment attractiveness of regions is important. Analyzed the activity of domestic and foreign investors.

248-255

Authors: Davletov I.

The article discusses the main regulatory documents, trends in the development of the housing stock, and its management system in Uzbekistan. Scientific and methodological proposals and recommendations have been developed for improving the management system, maintenance, and modernization of residential buildings in modern conditions. As a result of the systematic implementation of modernization in the field of housing and communal services in the republic, the quality of communal services, as well as the standard of living and living conditions of the country’s population, are improving.

267-275

Authors: Salimov A.

The modern economy is characterized by a variety of relationships between enterprises. The growing competition pushes economic entities to search for more effective forms of cooperation, stimulates the emergence of integration formations that differ in ways of interconnection and management. The article deals with the problems of interaction between small and large businesses. On the basis of statistical, empirical, systemic and situational analyzes, the author has shown that the interaction of industrial enterprises of small and large businesses will allow achieving the maximum competitive advantages of the enterprise system. The work analyzes the subcontract system of interaction between small and large industrial enterprises.

281-287

Authors: Temirkhanova M., Ochilov I., Li Sh.

The article describes the existing problems in the preparation of financial reporting by insurance organizations in accordance with international standards and the ways of their overcoming, improvement of the assessment of internal control in the financial statements of insurance organizations, important aspects of the improvement of the methodology for determining the significance and risk of an audit of financial statements, and also a three-step process of model analysis.

293-299

Authors: Berdimuratova G.

In conditions of reforming the judiciary and construction of a lawful state, the contents of the concept ‘judiciary’ were considerably enriched and became wider. In clause has found the reflection modern understanding of the judiciary system of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the point of view on the basis of legislation and judicial reforms implemented in Uzbekistan.

308-315

Authors: Smanaliev K.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of changes in the model of criminal proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic and the definition of ‘criminal proceedings’ is given in a new edition. It has been established that pre-trial proceedings as a stage in the criminal process; begins with the registration of statements and messages and is the initial independent stage of the criminal process, manifesting in two forms: investigation and proceedings on misdemeanor cases. It was confirmed that the refusal from the stage of initiating a criminal case was replaced by a new institute of the Unified Register of Crimes and Misdemeanors, which includes a process starting from the moment of electronic registration and a system for recording applications and messages and ending with the execution of a court sentence. The object of the research is public relations associated with the reform and digitalization of pre-trial proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic. The subject of the research is the novelties of the criminal procedure legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic regarding pre-trial proceedings. In connection with the latest legislative reforms and digitalization in Kyrgyzstan, a comparative analysis of the state of the criminal procedure legislation of a number of post-Soviet states (Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova) on issues related to the electronic system of the unified register of crimes and misconduct seems relevant to the author.

324-329

Authors: Ermashev Zh.

The article discusses the legal basis for organizing the activities of the khakims of cities and regions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, makes a number of proposals aimed at improving the legislation on local authorities and the practice of their activities. In the legislation on local authorities, it is necessary to provide for norms on the responsibility of khakims and local government bodies, on the early termination of the powers of the khakim, as well as on increasing the influence of deputies of local government bodies. In order to strengthen the control functions of the representative body of power, it is necessary to give it the right to pass a vote of no confidence to the khakim as the head of the executive power.

356-394

Authors: Kuzina N.

Pandemics are social disasters provoking panic, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder, massive aggression, and other psycho-emotional and behavioral disorders. The strength of these reactions is associated with the informational conditioning of a person in a period when archaic layers that cannot be rationalized are actualized in his psyche. The time has come for the analysis of information strategies that reinforce or deactivate the feelings of uncertainty and the vital threat that arose in society. The paper explores mental disorders, psychological defenses, and coping strategies that are relevant during a pandemic and similar disasters. The study also includes an assessment of the Russian language Internet content from April to July 2020, affecting the COVID-19 pandemic from the point of view of information security. The author reveals the effectiveness of communicating information using the image of an eyewitness of events (expatriate compatriot) or an expert (infectious disease doctor, virologist). The position of an observer-journalist (reporting on hospitals from the position of an interviewer) is rarely effective in reducing social tension. Analytical programs that increase uncertainty increase anxiety. In a panic, society needs samples of adaptive behavior and directives, humor that relieves fear. In the absence of officially disseminated medical recommendations, their place is taken by unqualified advice from ‘alternative medicine’ dangerous to public health. The reason for the panic and aggression is the low level of medical awareness of the population as well as the installation of false authority. The results obtained can be used by experts in the field of information security, the journalistic community.

401-407

Authors: Kvach I., Kvach S.

The article makes an attempt to analyze the situation in the labor market in modern Russian society in connection with new conditions, rapidly changing technologies, digitalization of all production and management processes, and what awaits a university graduate in a new labor reality. The article deals with the issue of conjugation of federal educational standards of higher education of generation 3++ and professional standards in the implementation of bachelor’s programs. The study is based on the example of interfacing FSES HE 21.03.01 “Oil and Gas Business” and the professional standard “Specialist in oil, gas and gas condensate production” in the context of the implementation of disciplines Technological equipment of the oil and gas industry and Maintenance and repair of oilfield equipment and the formation of professional competence: able to carry out work for diagnostics, maintenance, repair and operation of technological equipment in accordance with the chosen field of professional activity at the Yugra State University. The positive aspects of the interface between PS and FSES of HE in the implementation of educational programs of higher education, the difficulties arising on the way of this process and possible solutions are noted.

414-419

Authors: Allanazarova M.

Vocabulary learning has been a key aspect of acquiring a second language for many years. Many scholars and linguists claimed that learning languages cannot be successful without a wide range of vocabulary. However, most ESL learners are confronted with recalling difficulties as they tend to forget the word fast that they learned recently. These challenges are commonly discussed and researched by Cognitivists since they deem that there are several reasons for forgetting associated with memory and mental process. This case study entails small-scale research on vocabulary retention, reasons for forgetting, and some potential solutions to recall words in the second language. For this case study, we have chosen Cognitivism Theory in a bid to investigate and find out remembering challenges of our ESL learner and give her some possible solutions because according to cognitive psychology it is said that systematic forgetting occurs owing to interfering effects, a continuation of the very process of subsumption, neurolinguistic blocking, and other factors. Relying on their findings we tried to help our seventeen-year-old student who tends to forget English words easily. In this case, the hypothesis of the research is that pictorial texts or stories can be more effective for short and long-term vocabulary learning and retention.

424-428

Authors: Musabaeva R.

The article examines the interference change in the speech of the Germans living in the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan, which is observed at the morphological and syntactic levels and represents deviations from the language norm, the transfer of the right from one language to another. Interference at the morphological level is noticeable in the tendency towards the general case/form, in the verb-linking use of irregular forms of the verb, in the loss of the linking, in the loss of the subject pronounced by the pronoun, in the absence of the article, in the non-standard circulation of date names, in the expansion of the grammatical meaning of prepositions. At the syntactic level, interference is manifested in a violation of the word order in a sentence.

435-439

Authors: Kochkonbaeva B., Egemberdieva Zh.

This article discusses the modeling of morphological analysis and synthesis of the Kyrgyz language. Models of creating word forms and rules for connecting affixes to the base of a word are considered. As a result of studying the structure of natural language, an algorithm of the module was created that performs automatic morphological analysis and synthesis of word forms on a personal computer.