Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan

203-212

Authors: Muhamad Isna Wahyudi

Tension between Islamic legal tradition and the modern nation state’s role in establishing dan reforming law has become the global controversies and conflicts in Muslim countries over the last decades including Indonesia. Since the enactment of Law No.1/1974 on Marriage, then Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/KHI) under President Instruction No.1/1991, dualism of the validity of marriage has been arising in Indonesian Muslim society. The dualism has led to ambivalence towards law enforcement among judges of religious courts in dealing with the petitions for the legalization of marriage while the Law restricts the petitions to marriages before the enactment of Law No.1/1974. In this case, judges of religious court have deviated from the state law by granting legalization to marriages occurred after the enactment of Law No.1/1974. Such deviation is known as judge’s discretion. Despite judges of religious courts seem to adhere to the Islamic legal tradition than the State law in the case of legalization of marriage; they have deviated from Islamic legal tradition or state law in terms of the fulfillment of divorced wife’s rights, joint property, custody, and inheritance. Their discretion is merely to provide the justice to the litigants when the application the letter of the law is contradictory to justice. In this way, they have also taken a part in reforming the Islamic Family Law.

223-236

Authors: Miko Susanto Ginting

Pencantuman klausula baku dalam perjanjian tidak dapat disangkal marak dilakukan dengan alasan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam bertransaksi. Keberadaan klausula baku didasarkan pada persetujuan terhadap perjanjian sehingga berlaku sebagai undang-undang bagi para pihak. Namun, di sisi lain, terdapat pendapat-pendapat yang menentang adanya pencantuman klausula baku dalam perjanjian, terutama dengan didasarkan pada asas keseimbangan serta keadilan dalam berkontrak. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitis dan pendekatan yuridis normatif, penulis ingin menjawab sejauh mana keberlakuan dan ketidakberlakuan klausula baku dalam perjanjian. Selain itu, turut pula dijabarkan beberapa putusan pengadilan dalam mempertimbangkan dan memutus adanya klausula baku dalam perjanjian. Pada akhirnya, baik pendapat sarjana hukum maupun putusan pengadilan masih cukup beragam dalam memandang pencantuman klausula baku dalam perjanjian. Meskipun, perbedaan pandangan tersebut, sudah coba dicari titik temunya melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, dimana pencantuman klausula baku tidak dilarang sepanjang tidak memuat klausul-klausul yang menurut substansi dan bentuknya bertentangan dengan undang-undang. Inclusion of standardized clause in contract should not be denied often done by reason of effectiveness and efficiency in the transaction. The existence of standardized clause based on approval towards contract so that applies as a Law for the parties. However, at the other side, there are arguments who opposed inclusion of the standardized clause in contract, especially based on the balance and fairness principles in contract. By using descriptive analytical method and juridical normative approach, I am trying to answer validity or invalidity of standardized clause in contract. In addition, also elaborated some decisions of the court in considering and deciding the standardized clause in contract. In the end, either scholar’s opinions or court decisions was still quite varied in viewing inclusion of standardized clause in contract. Nevertheless, toward that difference view already tried to find the meeting point through Law No. 8/1999 on Consumer Protection, where the standardized clause inclusion in contract is not prohibited, along do not contain substance or shape contrary with the Law.

243-252

Authors: Ismail Rumadan

Upaya untuk mendukung terwujudnya kekuasaan kehakiman yang merdeka sebagai amanat konstitusi dalam perkembangannya telah diadakan beberapa kali perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, perubahan terakhir adalah UU No. 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasan Kehakiman. Namun perubahan tersebut, apabila dikaji secara mendalam masih menyisihkan beberapa permasalahan yang sangat mendasar. Pertama adalah terkait dengan fungsi penegakan hukum dalam konteks criminal justice system. Konsep ini menghendaki bahwa dalam proses penegakan hukum harus terpadu dalam suatu sistem peradilan, namun pada kenyataanya dalam proses peradilan pidana, Polisi dan Jaksa berada dalam lingkup kekuasaan yang berbeda peradilan, sehingga dalam posisi demikian dapat dipastikan adanya intervensi dalam proses penegakan hukum yang semestinya merdeka dan bebas dari pengaruh apapun. Permasalahan kedua adalah, mengenai pengawasan secara eksternal terhadap jalannya fungsi kekuasaan kehakiman, yang secara formal dilakukan oleh Komisi Yudisial maupun pengawasan yang dikehendaki oleh DPR (sebagaimana dalam RUU Mahkamah Agung). Model pengawasan yang dijalankan oleh KY maupun yang dikehendaki oleh DPR sangat berpengaruh serius terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi kekuasaan kehakiman bahkan menambah rumitnya pelaksanaan fungsi kekuasaan kehakiman itu sendiri, sehingga pelaksanaan kekuasaan kehaiman dianggap tidak mampu menjamin adanya kepastian hukum dan keadilan bagi pencari keadilan. Tulisan ini dibatasi pada kajian terhadap dua permasalahan tersebut dalam rangka mempertegas komitmen kita untuk membangun penyelenggaraan peradilan yang sehat dan mandiri agar dapat memberikan akses keadilan kepada semua orang dan peradilan yang sehat hanya akan terwujud dalam satu hubungan timbal balik antara lingkungan peradilan dan lingkungan masyarakat. Efforts to support the creation of an independent judiciary as a constitutional mandate in its development has held several changes to the Judicial Authority Law, the last change is the Act Nomber 48 of 2009 on Judicial Authority. But these changes, when studied in depth is still set aside some very fundamental issues. The first is related to the function of law enforcement in the context of the criminal justice system. This concept requires that the law enforcement process should be integrated into a system of justice, but in fact the process of criminal justice, police and prosecutors are in a different scope of judicial power, so that the position can thus be ensured in the intervention process should be independent of law enforcement and free from any influence. The second problem is, of externally monitoring the functioning of the judicial power, which formally made by the Judicial Commission and the desired control by Parliament (as in the draft of the Supreme Court). Supervision models run by Judicial Commission nor desired by the House very serious effect on the performance of the functions of the judicial authorities even add complexity implementation of judicial power function itself, so that the implementation of judicial power considered not able t o guarantee legal certainty and justice for litigants. This paper is limited to the study of these two issues in order to reinforce our commitment to build a sound administration of justice and independent in order to provide access to justice for all people and a healthy justice will only be realized in a reciprocal relationship between the environment and the environmental justice community

269-280

Authors: Maskur Hidayat

Hukum adalah alat supaya manusia bisa mencapai keteraturan dan keterlindungan hak-hak dasar manusia. Antara lain hak untuk hidup serta perlindungan, baik perlindungan fisik/jasmani, perlindungan kehormatan serta kesusilaan dan perlindungan terhadap hak milik atau property. Ungkapan bahwa tidak ada yang abadi kecuali perubahan niscaya juga berlaku dalam dunia hukum. Setiap saat permasalahan manusia selalu berkembang, begitu juga metode penyelesaian konflik juga harus mengikuti perkembangan permasalahan yang berkembang. Hukum menjadi media yang berada ditengah tuntutan, yaitu antara kepastian hukum dan rasa keadilan. Di sisi kepastian hukum, tuntutan supaya keadilan bisa diletakkan secara pasti lebih disisi lain rasa keadilan juga menjadi tuntutan yang mengharuskan hakim untuk memberi sentuhan personal (kasus per kasus) dalam menghadapi setiap permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam persidangan. Law is a tool that people can achieve order and the protection of basic human rights. Among others, the right to life and protection, both physical protection, protection of honor and decency and the protection of property rights or properties. The phrase that nothing is eternal except change undoubtedly also applies in the legal world. Every moment is always evolving human problems, as well as a method of conflict resolution must also keep abreast of developing issues. Became law at the center of media demands, namely the rule of law and sense of justice. On the side of the rule of law, justice demands that can be placed exactly over the other side into a sense of justice also demands that require judges to give a personal touch (case by case) in the face of any problems encountered in the trial.