International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research

38-43

Authors: Maruti S. Kanase, Pravina B. Piste*

A survey of synthesis of thiazolidine derivatives has revealed that the thiazolidine nucleus has fascinated the chemists, pharmacologist and the researchers because of the biological responses exhibited by these compounds. This has led to designing the synthesis of a variety of such derivatives that are of high interest from the point of view of their bioactivity. Attempts were made by the researchers to synthesize these derivatives both by conventional methods as well as greener approach. Present study on the literature survey of thiazolidine derivatives emphasizes only eco-friendly methods of producing these derivatives. Purpose of this study is to create an enthusiasm among medicinal chemists, biochemists and the researchers to design synthesis of potential bioactive agents in a greener way.

55-63

Authors: Gnanaprakasam Adaikala Raj, Manivachagam Chandrasekaran*, Sakthivel Jegan, Venugopalan Venkatesalu

To investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Gracilaria corticata J. Ag against bacterial and fungal strains viz., Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris. Fungal strains Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondi, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, four dermatophytes viz., Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton flocossum. The extracts of G. corticata were extracted with different solvents viz., hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol against bacterial and fungal strains by using disc diffusion method, MIC, MBC and MFC were determined. The ethyl acetate extract of G. corticata showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal activity against all the bacterial and fungal strains tested than the other extracts. The mean zones of inhibition produced by the extracts in agar disc diffusion assays were from 7.1 to 16.0 mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) was between 125 and 500μg/ml, while the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations and Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations (MFC) were between 250 and 500μg/ml. The highest mean zone of inhibition (16.0 mm) was observed in ethyl acetate extract of G. corticata against B. subtilis. The lowest MIC (125µg/ml), MBC and MFC (250µg/ml) values was observed in ethyl acetate extract of G. corticata against B. subtilis. The results suggest that the effective ethyl acetate crude extract of G. corticata showed the presence of phytochemical, terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds strongly than the other solvent extracts. These finding suggest that ethyl acetate crude extract of G. corticata have potential antimicrobial activity are under going further analysis to identify the active compounds currently progress.

68-71

Authors: Neeraj Kumar1*, Shashank Shekhar Mishra2, Chandra Shekhar Sharma2, Hamendra Pratap Singh2, Harshda Pandiya2

Peptic ulcer is a major health burden that recognized as a group of upper gastro-intestinal tract disorders. The aim of the therapy is to provide relieve from pain and prevent ulcer complications. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the drug-likeness and toxicity profile of existing drugs for developing new potent anti-ulcer agents. In this research work, we study the pharmacokinetic, toxicity and bioactivity profile of few selected anti-ulcer agents by In silico method. These research investigations provide the lead for the development of new anti-ulcer agents with lesser toxicity and more effectiveness.

79-82

Authors: P Kumar1*, R Madaan2, S Sidhu1

Verbena officinalis L. (Vervain; family-Verbenaceae) has long been used in the treatment of mental disorders, but not validated systemically for traditional claims. The ethyl acetate fraction (rich in flavonoids) of V. officinalis aerial parts was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation to isolate main chemical constituents responsible for antianxiety activity. The column chromatography of ethyl acetate fraction yielded five fractions F1-F5, which were screened for antianxiety activity employing elevated plus maze model. F2 produced significant antianxiety activity at the dose of 16 mg/kg, p.o., upon acute administration in mice. F2 was also subjected to column chromatography, and yielded four sub fractions (F2.1 – F2.4). Upon acute oral administration of sub fractions, antianxiety activity was evaluated. Only F2.3 exhibited significant antianxiety activity, which was statistically equivalent to the standard drug (Diazepam, 2 mg/kg, p.o.). Three compounds (VO-1, VO-2 and VO-3) were isolated during the process of fractionation of bioactive fraction and sub fraction. After antianxiety evaluation of compounds, it was observed that VO-2 and VO-3 exhibit antianxiety activity.

90-93

Authors: Jaikumar K, Sheik Noor Mohamed M, John Wyson W, Deventhiran M, Anand D, Saravanan P*

Most of the world’s populations residing in developing countries depend on alternative medicine and use of plant ingredients. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Fabaceae) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases including asthma, bronchitis, cholera, diarrhea, dysentery and malarial infection. The aim of the study to identified bioactive compounds presence in the chloroform leaf extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The leaf extraction was done by Soxhlet apparatus method. The GC-MS analysis has shown the presence of thirteen compounds in the chloroform leaf extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. The identified bioactive compounds from this plant have been known to possess pharmacological activities.

98-99

Authors: C. A. Oliveira, C. B. Viana, R. C. C. Martins*

In Brazil, Eugenia pisiformis, which belongs to botanical family Myrtaceae occurs in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Maranhão and Bahia. A specimen of E. pisiformis collected in Itatiaia National Park, State of Rio de Janeiro had its leaves, were studied because there are no phytochemical data in the literature for this plant so far. From the ethanolic extract of the leaves 3 substances were isolated and identified as the cycloartane-type triterpene 24-methylenepollinastanol, oleanane-type triterpene uvaol and ursane-type triterpene erythrodiol. All of them present significant biological properties, according to the literature and 24-methylenepollinastanol have never been isolated from this species, genus or family.