Revista de Estudos da Linguagem

7-8

Authors: César Reis

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43-73

Authors: César Reis

This paper analyses coarticulation process that occurs when onevoiceless alveolar fricative follows another alveolar voiceless fricativewith a word boundary between them and when one alveolar voicelessfricative follows a voiceless post-alveolar fricative with also a wordboundary between them. In order to do that, we utilized theelectropalatographic and spectrographic techniques. The resultsindicate that, in the context /s # s/, the sequence had the same acousticand electropalatographic characteristics as the voiceless alveolarfricative in initial syllable position, but the sequence /s # S/ presenteddifferent characteristics from both the voiceless alveolar fricativeand the voiceless post-alveolar fricatives.

97-111

Authors: Raquel M. Fontes Martins

This work argues about the variation in the behavior of the individualin a probabilistic approach in phonology, analyzing the applicabilityof some phonological phenomena between the individuals evaluatedhere. We argue in accordance to the theoretical referencial that weadopt – Usage Based Phonology (BYBEE, 2001), Exemplars Model(PIERREHUMBERT, 2001) and Probabilistic Linguistics (BOD; HAY;JANNEDY, 2003) – that the organization of the linguistic componentis based on multiple representations, linked in nets and regulated byprobabilistic criteria. Amongst others, we make an analysis of thewords in study and show that words related to a specific phenomenoncan have different levels of accomplishment.

127-146

Authors: Izabel Cristina Campolina Miranda; Daniela Mara Lima Oliveira Guimarães

Generative models explain the development of a child’s phonologicalsystem in terms of processes and rules, assuming that the mentalrepresentation of phonological knowledge is abstract. On the otherhand, Usage Based Phonology and Exemplar Models argue that mentalrepresentation is composed of multiple exemplars which include thephonetic detail and phonological variation. One contribution of ExemplarModel is to show that child uses fine acoustic detail to reach theadult target. The aim of this paper is to point out the contributions ofMulti-representational Models to phonological acquisitioncomprehension. We analyze the acquisition of variable patterns inBrazilian Portuguese. Results show evidence of phonetic and lexicalgradience. We argue that multi-representational models can capturethe gradual and dynamic nature of phonological acquisition.

167-186

Authors: Gisela Collinschonn

Recent generative phonology is witnessing a debate between severalproposals concerning the solution of the opacity problem. “Opacity”refers to generalizations that are not superficially detectable – whichare explained in derivational phonology by applying ordered applicationof rules. In Optimality Theory, the opacity issue attracts special interest,since this theory abandons rules altogether, such as intermediaterepresentations and derivational stages between input and output. Asfor the responses to the opacity issue, some propose a return in OTto derivational levels, similar to the components of Lexical Phonology(KIPARSKY, 2000; RUBACH, 2000; ITÔ; MESTER, 2003). Thesesolutions give up full parallelism, since evaluation of well-formedness isrealized in a staged form. Other solutions maintain parallelism and appealto other resources of the theory to account for the issue, like conjoinedconstraints (KIRCHNER, 1996; McCARTHY, 1999), specializationsof correspondence constraints (Sympathy Theory) or markednessconstraints (Comparative Markedness Theory). Some of these alternativesolutions are, in some way, derivational or almost derivational(MCARTHY, 2006, p.5), because they appeal to an intermediate formto influence the output. In this paper, we discuss two phenomenafrom European Portuguese in which interaction is opaque. The analysisis restricted to counter-feeding opacity and focalizes an accountaccording to Comparative Markedness (McCARTHY, 2002a). Additionally,we discuss some of the implications of this account, relative to theRichness of the Base postulate, and some predictions concerningthe possibility of interaction with other processes.

207-228

Authors: Thaïs Cristófaro Silva; Leonardo Almeida; Christine Guedri

A number of recent works has shown that linguistic representationsincorporate redundant information which plays an important role inlinguistic systems. Works on experimental phonetics and along thelines of Laboratory Phonology indicate the gradual nature of phoneticrepresentations (BROWMAN; GOLDSTEIN, 1992; ZSIGA, 1995;ALBANO, 2001; BYBEE, 2001, 2002; PIERREHUMBERT, 2001).This paper follows this line of research by investigating plural loss inBrazilian Portuguese. We will investigate lenition in BrazilianPortuguese plural forms that end in a sibilant, as in mês ‘month’whose plural form is meses ‘months’. This paper offers evidencefor the gradual implementation of phonetic changes by showing thatthe loss of a morphological category (plural) leaves traces in thecontinuum of speech in the form of compensatory lengthening.

7-16

Authors: Ana Paula Scher

Bertinetto (2001) points out that in spite of the great amount ofresearch and papers developed on the nature of aspectual and temporalrelations in natural languages, the lack of consensus on some verybasic notions related to this topic is still remarkable. The paper byWachowicz, presented at the annual Encontro do GT em Teoria daGramática da ANPOLL, in Ouro Preto, from 1st to 2nd of December,2005 and, later, published in volume 14, number 2 of this magazine,constitutes an interesting attempt to clarify some questions on avery underexplored topic, namely, the aspectual reading in sentenceswith verbal periphrases in which the first verb is an auxiliary. Thispaper discusses Wachowicz’s proposal, raising some questions andmaking some observations on it. It aims at contributing to the researchbeing developed, with the reflections by someone who is not directlyinvolved in it.

39-56

Authors: Angela Cristina Di Palma Back

This study focuses on the uses of the past imperfect tense of thesubjunctive according to data provided by VARSUL,1 on the basis ofBello’s prepositions (1979 [1841], 1984 [1847]) regarding Spanish.In this sense, an analysis semantic-pragmatic has been conducted inorder to interpret the evidence furnished by the Portugueseflorianopolitano which shows a metaphoric process at work.

71-88

Authors: Celso Novaes

Assumindo que todas as línguas naturais compartilham das mesmascategorias funcionais, mostrando assim um alto grau de uniformidade,este trabalho apresenta algumas evidências neuropsicológicas quedizem respeito à dissociação entre a expressão lingüística de tempoe a expressão lingüística de aspecto, em indivíduos com patologiada linguagem – afasia de Broca. Essas evidências nos permitemdefender a hipótese de que a camada flexional seria formada de pelomenos duas subcamadas, sendo uma dessas a camada que projetaindependentemente os traços de aspecto. Essa hipótese vem aoencontro da proposta de Pollock (1989) de que a camada flexionalseria constituída de dois nódulos e da proposta de Chomsky (1995)de que somente os traços semanticamente interpretáveis nas interfaceslingüísticas projetariam uma categoria funcional.

109-128

Authors: Ida Lucia Machado

Cet article aura pour base le thème “transgressions” discursives quenous approcherons, grosso modo, à partir de deux axes: (i) de primeabord, nous considérerons comme «élément transgressif»l’instrumental d’analyse que sera ici appliqué; (ii) ensuite, liée à lapremière, nous examinerons une autre forme de transgression – lagénérique. Pour ce faire nous montrerons un panorama de la théoriede l’analyse du discours depuis ces débuts jusqu’à la création de lathéorie Sémiolinguistique, en soulignant les spécificités de l’Analysedu Discours dans l’univers de la Linguistique; en guise d’illustrationnous ferons une analyse de deux petits poèmes que nous appelerons«transgressifs», puisqu’un mélange de genres semble s’y opérer.Bref, tout au long de cet article nous avons été guidés par deuxquestions: (i) dans le domaine de la Linguistique, l’Analyse du Discoursest-elle transgressive? (ii) dans le domaine de la transgression génériquedevons-nous considérer qu’un mélange de genres a vraiment eu lieuou plutôt sommes-nous devant une action (ludique et subversive)qui montre que les effets d’un genre donné peuvent être réappropriésou insérés dans un autre genre, différent du premier?

147-180

Authors: Rosane Silveira

O presente trabalho investiga os efeitos das variáveis tipo de tarefa eortografia na produção de consoantes em final de palavra da línguainglesa por brasileiros. Dez participantes, alunos de um curso deinglês, completaram três tarefas: (1) leitura de uma lista de sentenças;(2) leitura de um diálogo e (3) respostas a perguntas. As três tarefasforam gravadas e os itens contendo consoantes em final de palavraforam transcritos para verificar se os participantes utilizam uma vogalepentética para produzir as consoantes em final de palavra do inglês(exemplo: fog, pronunciado como [ f@ agi]). Também foram comparadaspalavras cuja última letra é uma consoante (mad) e palavras grafadascom um –e (não pronunciado) seguindo a consoante (made), com ointuito de verificar se a ortografia influencia a pronúncia dasconsoantes em final de palavra. Os resultados indicam que tanto otipo de tarefa quanto a ortografia afetam a pronúncia das consoantesinvestigadas.

197-224

Authors: Laura Stella Miccoli

Students’ experiences as learners of English in a brazilian universityclassroom have been documented, exposing the complexity ofclassroom foreign language learning (MICCOLI, 1997, 2001, 2003,2004). In the inner dimension, i.e, inside the classroom, learningopportunities given by the teacher originate direct classroom experiences.In the outer dimension, i.e, outside the classroom, the context inwhich the class occurs and whatever else might have happened beforealso influence learners in class, constituting the indirect classroomexperiences. This article presents analysis and categorizationprocedures, exemplifying them. Our intention is to stimulate furtherresearch on other learners’ experiences in different types ofclassrooms to strengthen Foreign Language Learning Research inApplied Linguistics.