Science almanac of Black sea region countries

5

Authors: Tskvitariia T.

In the context of globalization, sustainable formation and functioning of a multicultural society, we consider the problem of the integration of students into the university multicultural educational space as relevant. The article discusses the peculiarities of psychological adaptation of foreign citizens into the multicultural environment of a unified educational space of the university, the possibility of their mutual integration. The questions about the need to adapt the educational system in order to form the knowledge, competencies, skills and behavioral models necessary for an innovative society and innovative economy, and about the formation of a system of continuous education in a multicultural educational environment are raised. Within the framework of the competence paradigm, the competences of a modern person are highlighted, which reflect the level of professional and general culture, practical experience and which contribute to the successful integration of the individual in terms of intercultural communication into the educative and educational space of the university. The leading methodological principle of the educational process organization is also highlighted. It is the reliance on multicultural dialogue and the selection of the ethnocultural component in education. In accordance with this, special requirements are also imposed on the teacher. One of these requirements is cultural competence and the ability of the teacher to smooth out conflicts based on the knowledge of the students` national mentality, manifestations of tolerant attitude towards the students. Thus, the successful integration of students into the multicultural educational space of the university becomes possible when an educative and educational environment at the university with multi-level pedagogical support and humanistic pedagogy approaches implementation are created.

7

Authors: Goncharov V., Kolosova O.

The idea of the perfect person, appearing as a universal idea about harmony with nature and the need to adapt to it and transforming it, puts a person on a new level of harmony. The upbringing of a perfect person reflects the level of national self-consciousness and undergoes a constant evolution under the influence of social conditions. The people were always aware of the universal goals of upbringing, had their ideal of a perfect person and, in their upbringing practice, sought to achieve this goal. For a person as an ethnocultural integrity, it is important to be introduced to the ethnocultural heritage, inculturation. Comprehending the phenomenology of culture, mastering the ethnocultural phenomenon, a person becomes an heir of culture, is formed as an integral ethnocultural personality –a community unit with characteristics of ethnic mentality, associated with the history of ethnos, ethnic culture, capable of ethnic reproduction of the world. Specificity of culture is determined by the peculiarities of the ethnocultural personality. The uniqueness consists, first of all, in the inimitable combination of the elements common to all ethnic groups, in the combination of the system of relations and values. As an individual, personality is identical with social norms, effective in relation to expected social roles. This is the outward correspondence of man to the ethnic ideal of the perfect man. Ethnicity is a real, structurally rich and complex connection of an individual with society, including the socio-economic, territorial, day-to-day, socio-political, linguistic, spiritual and socio-psychological aspects and reflects a certain side of human nature, much deeper, external in relation to consciousness and psychology, by which is understood the form of higher nervous activity.

8

Authors: Olenich T., Oreshin A.

This study considers the neo-pagan worldview as a factor influencing certain social strata with the aim of forming a specific set of specific socio-cultural, political, and historical-cultural representations. The main social group, to which the activities of neo-pagans are directed, is youth. In the course of a survey conducted by questioning 360 respondents in 2019 in the cities of Shakhty and Rostov-on-Don in order to deter-mine the religious and cultural identity of survey participants. It was proved that the role of Orthodox moral education in the formation of national-cultural identity continues to be decisive for the majority of believing youth. More than half of the survey participants are inclined to believe that paganism cannot be recognized as a traditional religion. It is shown that the adoption of the National Security Act creates opportunities to limit the influence of destructive cults on the Russian youth.

9

Authors: Shcherbakova T., Loseva I., Misirov D., Zhitnaya I.

The main vectors of influence of the level of development of social competence of the student on the formation of cultural safety and their adaptation in polycultural educational system of modern higher education institution are revealed in the article. Components of social competence, its functions in realization of behavior of the student in the polycultural environment are revealed and described. Resources and risks of social competence in the formation of a safety culture among students are shown. The specifics of action of an individual system of subjective control as a factor affecting success of adaptation of students in multiple-valued situations of social interaction are described. The results of studying of content of ideas of students of higher education institutions of the North Caucasus region about the role of social competence as a factor of cultural safety, its components and about the motives of its development are presented. The features of expressiveness of communicative self-checking, the preferred strategies of behavior in the conflict and the level of development of subjective control among students as factors causing the features of adaptation of students in the polycultural educational environment are shown.

9

Authors: Evstropov V.

The geoecology is considered as a new scientific direction in natural sciences. In turn, the geoecology, in view of its cross-disciplinary character includes, according to C.Troll, various aspects: geocomplex, geosystem, equally-componential, ecosystemic and biocentric. In view of increase of the person`s role in technical transformation of biosphere, and as a result of developing of diseases of civilization and other ecopathology of the person, the research of medical aspects of geoecology has become relevant. When studying the connection between human activity, technogenic constructions and geological environment, it is necessary to take into account that in the system "the person, the technogenic construction and the geological environment" it is important to pay attention to the mechanisms and the consequences of impact on the person of the dangerous striking factors of dangerous natural (geological) processes. As the geoecology is also considered as a synthesis of "vertical" (system biology) and of "horizontal" approaches, nowadays, even taking into account the biological component of the person as bio-social beings, the medical ecology also can apply for the certain "geoecological" attention. When examining, in the system aspect, geoecology as a science, it is possible to note the criteria of expediency and of the level of the system organization as backbone. From the expediency positions it is necessary to reflect a medical and biological component in the structure of geoecology that will expand the section of natural geoecology and will allow to consider the vertical approach more widely than within the system biology. The issues of the influence on the person of chemical pollution, researches of natural and focal infectious diseases, studying of features of distribution of noncontagious pathological changes among people, accounting of dynamics of the migration processes caused by the geoecological reasons, etc. belong to the problems of medical geoecology. Characteristic of the environment as a sphere of the activity of people causes the necessity of purposeful activity in the solution of local, regional, global geoenvironmental problems. While analyzing some local (regional) geoenvironmental problems of the Russian seaside territory of the Black Sea region influencing the level of life support and health of the population it is noted: 1) near Novorossiysk the distribution of pollution of H2 S, NO2, NO and CO happens in the air way while the pollution by oil products covers ground waters of the area and also sea water of the Novorossiysk bay. In the territory of the Republic of Crimea there is a risk of chemical environmental pollution in the case of accidents at the chemical enterprises, producing iodine, bromine organic compounds, compounds of manganese and magnesium, agents of fire retarders, mineral fertilizers, sulfuric acid, aluminum sulfate, sodium water glass, etc. 2) in the Crimea the spread of various natural and focal infections of bacterial, virus and rickettsial genesis is possible.

13

Authors: Kleshchenkov A., Filatova T.

The problem of the World Ocean pollution with microplastic is considered in this article. Nowadays this problem is recognized as the accruing problem of planetary scale, but it is insufficiently highlighted in the domestic scientific press. The processes leading to the formation of micro-plastic are described, the short review of researches of content of microplastic in the marine environment and its impacts on the environment is submitted. Plastic is one of the most demanded materials and because of its durability, lightness and longevity in combination with low prime cost it is used practically in all fields of industry. At the same time a huge part of plastic production is a share of disposable products or products with a short life length. The first mentions about plastic garbage in reservoirs, about harmful and poorly studied influence of microplastic on representatives of biota are met in the published literature since the beginning of the 1970th years. At first, the articles on this subject drew the minimum attention of scientific community, but in the next decades, thanks to accumulation of data on environmental impacts of pollution of the World Ocean with microplastic, this subject arrests a sustained research interest. It was revealed that a number of organisms, both vertebrata and invertebrates, absorb microplastic. Micro-particles of plastic have a wide range of dimensional groups and low density, therefore, a lot of live organisms perceive them as a source of food. As plastic does not decay by their enzymatic system, its ingestion poses a threat for the organisms and can lead to their death. Researches show that for the last forty years the pollution of the World Ocean with plastic reached such scales that this material began to get not only into the food of sea inhabitants, but also into the food of people.The problem of the sea garbage acquires special relevance among a number of the environmental problems caused by the consumer orientation of exploitation of the environment. Russia is not an exception. Researches of content of microplastic in the marine environment are conducted in the Russian Federation since 2005 in the South of the Far East, in the water areas of the Amur, Ussuriysk gulfs and Peter the Great Bay (the Sea of Japan), in the Baltic Sea and on Baikal. However, the organization of the solution of the problem of the sea garbage and processing of plastic in Russia is at the formation stage.