Science almanac of Black sea region countries

4

Authors: Chaika Alexander

The appeal to the problem of terrorist expectation as a form of terrorist retaliation is a modern stage of research in the social sciences, conditioned by the need to overcome the state of ideological manipulation of the individual's consciousness in conditions of terror. The process of terrorist expectation is a form of adjustment of social cognition, spiritual choice, cultural preferences. The author examines the special impact of modern terrorism on the mass and individual consciousness of citizens of a society in the context of global information dissemination in the world. The struggle against modern terrorism is noted as a paramount problem of the external-non-political course of the leading states. At the same time, the information movement of the media often manifests itself as the principle of manipulation, the anxious expectation of citizens, disseminating information that is not always objectively confirmed. The idea of terrorism as an established form of retribution, through expectation is considered. Attention is paid to the analysis of the main aspects of modern terror, the most intrusive and paradoxical ones that cause the fear of sudden and terrible death. It is emphasized that this fear, for the most part, does not know the time and place, circumstances and causes. It is associated with a sudden attempt on life. It is noted that fear and anxiety are formed by the fact that terrorist acts are often carried out with the intent to inflict as much damage as possible, cause horror, bewilderment and despair when children die, helpless sick people, old people, as well as those who perform daily production. responsibilities in the workplace. It is emphasized that people's uncertainty is formed also by the fact that the methodology of terrorism is well mastered not only by those who conduct regular extremist-organized activities, but also by random people, adolescents, singles who often do not have any political requirements. This entails the need to organize research and meet the spiritual needs of the population, which will help to develop a common feeling for paralyzing social activity, the ability for social creativity. The author's reflections on the need for creative creation of a new space are presented.

5

Authors: Lipkovich Alexander

The role of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of the federal significance of the Rostov Region (RR) in the conservation of natural biodiversity is analyzed in this article. These are the state nature reserve “Rostovsky” (SNBR “Rostovsky”) and the state natural reserve of federal significance “Tsimlyansky” (wildlife area “Tsimlyansky”). The SNBR “Rostovsky” was established in 1995, consists of 4 cluster divisions, has an area of 9.5 thousand hectares. The strictly reserved territory and 74,3 74,3 thousand hectares of preservation. Flora includes 503 species of vascular plants. Fauna of insects - 1568 species, spiders - 206. Terrestrial vertebrates: Amphibians - 3 species; reptiles - 10, birds - 258, mammals – 34. The “Tsimlyansky” reserve has an area of 35 thousand hectares. Here the most numerous nesting grouping of the Whitetail eagle in the RR is recorded, counting more than 30 breeding pairs. Nest colonies of common cormorant, number up to 5000 pairs. The elk, European deer, roe deer, wild boar, a number of species of birds, included in the Red Book of the RF and the RR, inhabit there. SPNA of RR federal significance successfully fulfill the tasks assigned to them on preservation natural biodiversity, maintenance and reproduction of rare population species of plants and animals, and are the source of such species settlement to adjacent territories.

5

Authors: Petrova Yulia, Lebesheva Anastasia

The level of human impact on the environment depends greatly on the technical equipment of the society. It was extremely small at the initial stages of human development. However, with the development of society and the growth of its productive forces, the situation begins to change dramatically. The twentieth century is an age of scientific and technological progress. Connected with a qualitatively new relationship of science and technology, it enormously increases possible and real scale of the impact of society on nature, posing a whole series of new, extremely acute problems for humanity, first of all – ecological. In our article we find out an enumeration of ecological problems, which appeared from over gradual civilizational development, on Crimean Peninsula and we also analyze the extent of the caused damage. In conclusion we would like to mention that drastic and radical measures should be taken for stabilizing the environmental situation, in other case we will simply lose this unique region.

8

Authors: Ten Yulia

The Russian Federation is one of the countries of the Black Sea region cultural zone. Since the ancient times, the territory of the South of Russia has been a zone of dialogue of different cultures, religions and civilizations. In the process of intercultural communication, representatives of different cultures have been aware of the degree of intercultural differences between them. The author justifies the thesis that communication between representatives with a similar cultural background has wider prospects for mutual understanding than communication between communicators with different cultural bases. The article analyzes the problem of growth and reduction of cultural differences between post-Soviet countries. In particular, the author points to the fact that the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union is a factor that promotes the effectiveness of intercultural communication between the member countries of this union.

10

Authors: Volokhova Elena

There is an attempt to address the impact of processes of individualization and globalization on the specific manifestation of human freedom in contemporary culture. The author highlighted and systematized the concept of freedom in the context of contemporary processes of globalization and individualization, creating the need to develop new life strategies of personality. It is shown that the continuum of the life strategy of personality allows to overcome the discreteness of segments of the socio-cultural reality and the environmental asynchrony through reaching a new level of self-realization.

15

Authors: Kvesitadze Giorgi, Meskhi Besarion, Khatisashvili Gia

Widespread contamination of the environment by explosives due to the manufacture, disposal and testing of munitions has become a major international concern connected with the increasing scale of soil and ground water contamination. Most explosives are considered to be a major hazard to the biological system due to their high toxicity and mutagenic effects. Research on biotransformation of explosives has clearly shown that some plants and several families of aerobic microorganisms, representing different taxonomic groups of microorganisms, have the potential to transform TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), RDX (hexogen – hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5- triazine) and other nitro organic explosives to non toxic products. Despite the existence of such extensive data, there is no reliable information dealing with the affordable clean up technology of explosives. To evaluate the disappearance of TNT and its intermediate products, in the last decade, great attention has been paid to microorganisms (both eukaryotes and prokaryotes) and plants. Microorganisms being well established detoxifiers, of structurally varying contaminants, are promising natural tools that allows to sustain the ecological balance. The ability of plants to cleanup the environment has still attracted relatively little attention, having no long story. Although plants play an important role in sustaining and restoring all niches of the environment due to their ability to absorb and metabolize quite a wide spectrum of various contaminants of organic nature, plants for cleanup the environment has attracted relatively little attention having no long story. Research carried out for more than 30 years, with annual and perennial plants and various families of different taxonomic groups of microorganisms have revealed their potential to absorb and metabolize organic contaminants of different structure. Three laboratories, at Durmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (Georgia) have carried out research aimed at the creation of a new biotechnological approach for rehabilitation of soils polluted with explosives based on joint, symbiotic action of microorganisms and plants.