Centro Agrícola

16-21

Authors: Mayra Guadalupa Rodríguez Hernández, Dainé Hernández-Ochandía, Ileana Miranda Cabrera, Ernesto Moreno León, Iván Castro-Lizazo, Belkis Peteira Delgado-Oramas

To determine the reproduction and pathogenicity of nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood on chickpea cultivar ‘Nacional-29' were the objectives of this work conducting in semi-controlled conditions. Using 1 kg capacity pots, four treatments were establishing in correspondence with the following initial nematode population levels (Pi) with 0 (control); 1,5; 2,5 and 5 eggs and second stage juveniles per gram of substrate. The experiment was conducted during 35 days and, at the end of this period, the stem/leaves and roots fresh biomass, number of galls in roots, Root galling index, final population and the Reproduction Factor were determined. The data were analyzed through Simple Variance Analysis and the relationship between Pi and the stem/leaves fresh biomass was determined by regression analysis. The chickpea ‘Nacional-29' cultivar was good host and susceptible to M. incognita, with variable values and superior than 1. The root biomass showed statistic differences between treatments and stem/leaves fresh biomass decrees with the increment of initial population levels of M. incognita. The negative impact of increased initial population of M. incognita in "Nacional 29" chickpea cultivar, aspect that the farmers must take in consideration.

30-38

Authors: Yordany Lázaro Pérez Bravo, Cristóbal Ríos Albuerne, Isbel Díaz Hernández

In order to determine the differences in morphometric parameters of young plantations of Acacia magium Willd. in Villa Clara, two sites planted with this species were selected, located in Salaminas at 22º 27' 16.27" north latitude and 79º 49' 7.91" west longitude (Site 1) and in the Sabanas de Manacas Model Forest, in the 22º 39' 25.9'' North latitude and 80º17'43.43'' West longitude (Site 2). Temporary sampling plots were established in both sites and six morphometric relationships were determined from variables measured in all the trees of the plots. The database was processed using the professional package STATGRAPHICS CENTURION, Ver. XV-II 2006. It was found that the growth and morphometric parameters of the evaluated trees were influenced by changing the growth regions, reaching the highest values of slenderness, cup percentage and crown index in Site 2; while significantly higher values of cup mantle, cup shape and crown projection area were reached in Site 1. The morphometric parameters evaluated are useful for describing young stands of this species, making management decisions and interpreting their growing conditions.

49-57

Authors: Tania Russián Lúquez

With the aim of investigating the knowledge they have the inhabitants of the Zamora municipality on the use and food potential of Mammea americana L. (mamey) and Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (breadfruit), as a decisive factor to promote their conservation and use, a descriptive research was proposed with a design of field non-experimental and a transverse temporal dimension. The survey design was used. The opinion poll was guided on the consideration of useful aspects of the descriptors for the study of the "farmer's knowledge of plants" proposed by the Biodiversity International. For this a questionnaire was developed with open and closed to seven keywords questions: Traditional knowledge of plant, principal motives to use her, utilized parts, use, abiotic and biotic stresses of the plant, characteristics of quality related to the nutritious uses (organoleptic, nutritional qualities), other quality features. The species were found in parishes people Cumarebo and Puerto Cumarebo as home gardens. The survey reflected that consumed the fruit mamey and breadfruit, recognize them as their traditional products and have broad acceptance for consumption. However, unaware of the dietary and nutritional potential of these.

67-75

Authors: Alfredo Noa-Monzón

The taxonomy treatment of the Simarouba Genus for Cuba and its potential use was updated. Several bibliographical revision and study of specimens deposited in 17 Herbaria of the World, morphometric and field studies for the taxonomic clarification of taxa present in Cuba was practiced; the description, distribution and illustration was carried out. It is found that Simaruba glauca var. latifolia is not native to Cuba, only grows grown in botanical gardens and S. glauca var. glauca is endemic to Cuba; being well argument their differences, as infrageneric taxa and not overlap their areas of distribution is proposed to raise them to subspecies status. The genus Simarouba is conformed in the Cuban flora by S. glauca DC. subsp. glauca and S. laevis Griseb., both with a restricted distribution to the national territory. Simarouba glauca is a promising species, widely used in Mexico, Central and South America, whose potential in agroforestry systems, light carpentry, oil production, medicinal plants and restoration of ecosystems, among other uses, have been little exploited in Cuba.

86-95

Authors: Marta Barrera Fontanet, Gerardo Javier Cervera Duverger, Leonides Peña Rivera, Agustín Cobas Elías, Midiala Peña Prades, Odalis Barquié Pérez

The dioxide of sulfur in 2014 represented the second pollutant of more emission to the atmosphere for the fixed sources in Villa Clara, being the entities fuel oil consumers the responsible maxims. The objectives of this work have been to quantify the polluting load of the dioxide of sulfur emitted by the sources of the MINAG, to determine the percentage that represents these emissions of the total, for municipalities and consumption of fuel, to evaluate the quality of the air and to propose measures of reduction of the emission. The method applied was using direct mensuration with analyzers of gases and factors of emission of AP-42 of the Agency of Environmental Protection of the United States (EPA), the evaluation of the quality of the air was carried out through the moderation of the dispersion of the pollutant with the software ISC-AERMOD Version 3.15 of the EPA. The results show that the polluting load of the dioxide of sulfur was of 68 t, 80 % emitted in the municipality of Santo Domingo and 97 % to burn fuel oil. The quality of the air is acceptable, faulty and dreadful in near different areas to the emission sources. Applying the measures proposals, the energy efficiency can rise and to reduce the consumption of fuel to 3 % (38 t) and the emission in 1.8 t, favoring the costs of the entities and propitiating smaller deterioration of the quality of the air in the affected areas.