Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan

J Clin Med Kaz 2017;4(46):6-10 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-JCMK-00463

Authors: Venera Rakhmetova, Aida Orazbayeva

The article analyzes the experience of applying various stem cell pools in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the colon. Basic and clinical studies on properties of mesenchymal stem cells and clinical effects of various technologies for their use conducted held in recent years allows to consider the mesenchymal stem cells transplantation as a new and promising direction in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

J Clin Med Kaz 2017;4(46):14-19 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-JCMK-00525

Authors: Aliya Seidullayeva, Gulnar Zhaxylykova, Dinagul Bayesheva, Raisa Sundetova, Bulat Aitzhanov, Almagul Orymbayeva

Sensorineural hearing loss – form of hearing loss up to its total lossat which any of the sites of the sound-receiving part can be damaged. The most important problem of patients with sensorineural hearing loss is lack of effective treatment and inability to restore hearing because 80% of patients who suffered from bacterial meningitis loss of hearing is accompanied by ossification of internal ear structures. However, bacterial meningitis is still registered in Kazakhstan and is a reason of development of sensorineural hearing loss and often accompanied byossification of internal ear structures in children and adults leading to longterm neurological lesions, such as hearing impairments or hearing loss. For early diagnosis of hearing loss in children with bacterial meningitis, an audiological examination should be performed in the first 48 hours from the onset of the diseaseand after discharge from the hospital for 1 year. To date, the only effective method of hearing restoration is surgery – cochlear implantation. This review of the literature is devoted to one of the actual complications of bacterial meningitis – sensorineural deafness in children

J Clin Med Kaz 2017;4(46):26-32 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-JCMK-00472

Authors: Tatiana Gorbach, Galina Gubina-Vakyulyk, Oksana Nakonechna, Anton Tkachenko

Objective: Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and mechanisms of its development have been studied for many years. The aim of the research was to study the content of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones and tau protein in the blood serum, as well as the content of thyroid hormones and some neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex in the dynamics of experimental Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on 45 WAG rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group was the control one. Animals from the second and third groups were intraperitoneally administered with scopolamine for 14 and 27 days, which led to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Brain homogenate was prepared. Concentrations of T3, T4 in blood serum and homogenates of the cerebral cortex, as well as TSH and tau protein in serum, were determined by ELISA. Determination of the content of neurotransmitter amino acids (aspartate and glutamate) was carried out by thin-layer chromatography. The content of dopamine and norepinephrine in the cerebral cortex homogenate was determined by column chromatography, and acetylcholine levels were measured by spectrophotometry. Morphological examination included staining of brain tissue with congo-rot + hematoxylin. Results. It was established that in cerebral cortex homogenates of rats with experimental Alzheimer’s disease the T3 content was reduced, and T4 levels were similar to rats of the control group, which in combination with the normal concentration of thyroid hormones in blood serum indicates the development of local hypothyroidism in the cerebral cortex. In rats with Alzheimer's disease, glutamic and aspartic acid levels were increased against the background of GABA reduction. There was also a decrease in the levels of noradrenaline and dopamine in the cerebral cortex homogenates, which contributes to the abnormal energy metabolism and impaired cognitive functions. Morphological study demonstrated the presence of congophilic masses in the brain tissue and in the walls of small arteries with the development of brain atrophy. Conclusions. Alzheimer's disease caused by the administration of scopalamine is characterized by the development of local hypothyroidism in the cerebral cortex, an increase in the level of glutamic and aspartic acids with a decrease in GABA, a decrease in the level of dopamine and norepinephrine in the cerebral cortex.

J Clin Med Kaz 2017;4(46):37-39 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-JCMK-00454

Authors: Gaukhar Bakhtiyarova, Mehtap Tinazli

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV); is a disease characterized by cryoglobulin-containing immunodeposits that often involve small vessels of the skin and glomeruli. It is considered to be a rare disorder. There are few cases identified in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suffering from immunological disorders such as Sjogren’s Disease and infectious agents such like as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We wanted to share a case where we think of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with rheumatoid arthritis at 50 years old. He applied to us with cyanosis fingertips and severe pain in his hand. Clinical features were assessed by laboratory and nailfold capillaroscopy and CV was diagnosed. Then the patient was treated with intravenous Iloprost for 5 consecutive days, nifedipin and antiagregan. Clinically, the patient presented with a significant reduction of pain and decrease of fingertips ulsers after the second monthly treatment.

J Clin Med Kaz 2017;4(46):40-45 doi:10.23950/1812-2892-JCMK-00527

Authors: Capros Hristiana, Luminita Mihalcean, Iurie Dondiuc, Liliana Porfire

In this case report we present a patient of 39 weeks pregnancy with a placenta accreta and discuss the new possilities of diagnosis of placental masses with respect to the related literature. The aim of our review was to assess the available useful procedures in an attempt to contribute to the decreasing the morbidity of this condition. Twenty-nine years-old gravida 2, para 0 was referred to our hospital at 38 weeks of gestation for planed delivery by cesarien section. She had a history of prior surgical pregnancy termination at 12 weeks of amenorrhea by dilation and curettage. The abnormal placentation was diagnosed during a routine sonographic examination at 22 weeks of gestation. 2D transvaginal ultrasound showed the total placenta praevia and the presence of multiple intraplacental lacunae. The placenta did not detach with gentle traction, so placenta accreta was suspected. Heavy bleeding hemorrage from the placental site induced the decision to perform an emergency hysterectomy. The prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta before delivery allows multidisciplinary planning and minimize potential maternal or neonatal morbidity and mortality. Grayscale ultrasonography with the use of color Doppler is sufficient to diagnose placenta accreta. The knowlege of the ultrasound markers for placenta accreta is needed for both radiologist and obstetricians-gynecologist.