Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan

J Clin Med Kaz 2015; 2(36):11-14

Authors: Suyindyk Imankulov, Abay Baigenzhin, Turlybek Tuganbekov, Nurlan Zhampeissov

Duration of chronicity, serious injury of internals, defect in quality of living, mortality puts echinococcosis in the rank of socially dangerous helminthosis of the human being. Predominantly widespread in many regions of the Planet Echinococcus granulosus is passed from animals to a man that leads to loss of health, ability to work. Echinococcosis causes essential economic damage and poses a problem for healthcare. The article deals with the problem of echinococcosis. State of echinococcosis morbidity over the past few decades is represented in the article. Modern understanding of etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinics is revealed. Up-to-date capabilities of echinococcosis diagnostics and treatment are presented, including HIFU - therapy.

J Clin Med Kaz 2015; 1(35):23-29

Authors: Halyna Koval, Maria Ivanchuk

The aim of this study: а determination of cytokines informative for predicting and diagnostics of the presence of endometriosis in women with infertility. Methods: The main groups of 65 women with infertility associated with endometriosis have been researched as well as control group of 40 women with infertility of tubal genesis. The pre-defined levels of several cytokines (IL-2, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18) in serum and peritoneal fluid. Identification of immunological markers informative for predicting and diagnostics of the presence of endometriosis in women with infertility was conducted using mathematical models for informative by Kulbaka, Valdivsky sequential analysis, cluster analysis and linear separation method of convex hulls. The indices for prediction were selected according to Uilkokson-Mann-Whitney criterion and have showed probable differences (p<0.05) between the groups of patients with the presence and absence of endometriosis. Results: the cytokines of peritoneal fluid has bigger value, than the cytokines of serum for predicting and diagnostics of the presence of endometriosis. But bigger practical value has the cytokines of serum, because collecting of peritoneal fluid is more invasions. The highest informative for endometriosis prediction was demonstrated by interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α cytokines. Conclusion: IL-6 and TNF-α of serum can be used as immunological markers for predicting and diagnostics of the presence of endometriosis in women with infertility.

J Clin Med Kaz 2015; 2(36): 34-38

Authors: Tuba Tülay KOCA

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells producing monoclonal proteins. MM may manifest as skeletal pain, pathological fractures, fatigue, anemia, infection, hypocalsemia, spinal cord compression or renal failure. Proliferating plasma cells are responsible for these clinical symptoms. Seronegative erosive poly/olygoarthritis may be observed in patients with MM and other monoclonal gammopathies concurrently at the time of diagnosis, after the diagnosis or occasionally before it. The patient admitted to hospital in May 2012 with the complaint of fatigue, polyarthralgia, limitation of hand joints’ movements. Her physical examination revealed flexion contractures in elbows, fingers, knee, feet joints bilaterally. Laboratory examination revealed a sedimentation rate of 106 mm/h; rheumatoid factor(RF), C-reactive protein(CRP) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(anti-CCP) was negative and anti nuclear antibody(ANA) tested by immunfluorescence technique was positive. The patient is considered and followed up as an inflammatory arthritis developed in MM process. The joint involvements were symmetric, erosive pattern and seronegative tested. The diseases with monoclonal gammopathies may lead to erosive polyarthritis or olygoarthritis so we should investigate the immunopathogenesis of arthritis process.

J Clin Med Kaz 2015; 2(36):44-46

Authors: Mehtap Tinazli, Ufuk Gencalp, Deniz Granit, Gaukhar Bakhtıyarova, Tumay Sozen

Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis; Ssc) is a chronic, idiopathic autoimmune/inflamatory disease that is characterised with fibrosis of skin, blood vessels and visceral organs of the body, particularly gastrointestinal system, heart and kidneys. Because it is rare and clinically heterogen, the pathogenesis of the disease is still not completely clarified. Characteristics of Ssc's pathogenesis include triade of vasculopathy, immune activation and fibrosis. There is an increased risk of malignancy of internal organs and tissues which are affected from fibrosis. Patients have increased frequency of skin, lung, esophagus, breast cancer and lymphoma. Recent studies that particularly focus on vascular pathology and lung involvement provided benefits on morbidity and mortality and increased interest to the disease. The aim of this case report is to point at the vital consequences of scleroderma coexisting with malignity.

J Clin Med Kaz 2015; 2(36):51-53

Authors: Roza Shakiyeva, Aigul Abduldayeva, Erbolat Dalenov, Gulnur Doszhanova, Zh Bizhanova, N Degemerzanova

The aim of this work was to obtain epidemiological data on the prevalence of osteoporosis among individuals older than 40 years of Astana using ultrasound densitometry. Methods: The study involved 93 people, including 17 (18.3%) men and 76 (81.7%) of women aged 40-90 years. Selective cross-sectional screening study mechanical properties of bone tissue in Astana residents was conducted by ultrasound densitometry at the heel bone (densitometer SONOST 3000, South Korea). On the basis of a questionnaire specially designed questionnaire and measurement of T-score was calculated 10-year absolute risk of low-energy fractures of the respondents using a computer program FRAX TM tool. Results: According to the ultrasound densitometry of the calcaneus NCM prevalence among residents of Astana is 83.3%, OP - 20.4%, which generally coincides with data elsewhere in the country. The urban population of Astana is a high degree of risk of fracture macrobiotic low, medium and high risk of fracture were 46.2% of the population, while the nationwide rate is 26.7%. According to the ultrasound densitometry women are more prone to Astana OP - 22.4% of respondents than men - 11.8% of respondents. Persons Kazakh nationality are more susceptible to reduce the t-test in comparison with the Russian nationality. Conclusions: The data about the peculiarities of the prevalence of osteoporosis among the residents of Astana over 40 years allow health authorities to take measures for prevention and early detection of disease study.