Duazary

4

Authors: Clara Vergara Hernández, Mariana Ojeda Dancur , Jean Paul Le Franc Díaz

The periapical cyst it is an inflammatory injury of maxillaries formed in periápice of teeth with necrotic and infected pulp being a direct sequel of granuloma apical, is associate to the dental root and they are most frequently in superior maxilary. By the general they do not cause symptoms and its slow evolution causes that the patient does not notice of he himself until appears the face asymmetry. A case is exposed corresponding to a masculine patient with left injury of tumor like clinical aspect in hemicara. The radiographic examination radiolúcida image at level of superior central incisor is observed that continuous with the periodontal ligament. It makes biopsy by aspiration nd based on the histopatológico study, it is diagnosed like periapical cyst. The conduct that was followed with respect to the treatment was surgical. Keywords: Periapical cyst, periapical disease, apical granuloma, periodontal ligament.

5

Authors: Jorge Mario Nuñez Duran, Antonio Díaz Caballero, Eduardo Covo Morales

Anatomical variations in teeth with root canals with distortions or dilacerations becomes a challenge or a complication in endodontic treatment, in which the clinician has to prove his ability in the use of special tools to facilitate or optimize root canal therapy. Taking radiographs with different angulations prior to the treatment and their thorough study will give vital support for more anatomical detail in this complication, which in some cases is very frequent. The use of more flexible and resistant instruments leads to greater accuracy and security in reducing the risk of its fracture. It also enhances the cleaning and modeling of the root canals allowing an adequate seal. The use of precurved smaller instruments allows access to the dilacerated apical portion. This is an effective method to prevent the loss of working length and thereby avoid the drilling of the roots during the instrumentation of root Among the most common errors during the instrumentation of the root canals is the loss of working length, along with external or internal apical foramen transportation. In the present article, the use of a new and improved technique is detailed in order to avoid such errors. A clinical case management of a maxillary molar with a 40 degree curve is successfully prepared and filled using Protaper ( Dentsply-Maillefer). Keywords: root canal curved,radiography,root canal preparation, root canal anatomy

6

Authors: Sonja Liliana Lozano Socarras, Dary Luz Mendoza Meza

The intestinal parasitic infections are an important public health problem in Colombia. The early and frequent exposure to the enteroparasites has been related with delay growth and delay psychomotor and mental development of children; in addition, the nematodes larvae can migrate to vital organs like liver, lung, lymphatic ganglia and brain, causing injuries in these. The propose of this study was to establish the intestinal parasitic infection and malnutrition frequency in a population of 392 children with ages between 3 and 5 years old, living at risk zone from Santa Marta city. For evaluating the nutritional status of children, were measured the anthropometric indices as weight for age (WA) and height for age (HA). The intestinal parasites frequency was of the 55.1% (216/392), the parasites with potential pathogenicity were Entamoeba histolytica (19.9%), Giardia duodenalis (12.7%), Blastocystis hominis (11.7%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (10.7%). The poliparasitism was present in 17.3% of the population (65/392). The acute malnutrition was observed in 41.8% and the chronicle in the 30.1% of the children. A statistically significant association between the general parasitism and the WA indices (p= 0.023) was found, however no significant association between the parasitic infection and HA indices was observed (p= 0.11). The present result demonstrates that the intestinal parasitic infection is high in the vulnerable children population from Santa Marta city, nevertheless is not possible to assure that a relation causes to effect exists between the parasitism and the nutritional deficit. Keywords: Intestinal parasites, frequency, anthropometric indices, malnutrition.

8

Authors: Dary Luz Mendoza Meza, Sonja Lozano Socarras, María Belén Jaimes

The toxocariosis is a zoonosis caused by ingestion of infective eggs of parasites toxocara species, present in the contaminated soil. Human infection by Toxocara canis is a major cause of visceral larva migration syndrome. The main source of the disease are dogs infected with the parasite. In Santa Marta district the dogs population is high, however there isn´t known prevalence of toxocariosis in these animals nor in humans. The purpose of this study was to assess exposure to Toxocara canis in school children between 2 and 16 years old from seven commune of Santa Marta district. The blood levels of IgG against antigen secretion/excretion of L2 larvae of Toxocara canis and total IgE blood levels was determinate, also the presence of intestinal parasites and epidemiological and clinical factors related to human toxocariosis. In a sample of 133 children, 42.1% were Toxocara canis seropositive and 92.5% had blood levels of total IgE. Epidemiologic factors associated with Toxocara exposure were the absence of drinking water (p <0.0001), lack of sewage (p = 0.034), contact with soil (p <0.0001) and presence of pets (dog, p = 0.013 and cat p = 0.0069). Statistically significant relationship with other helminth infection (p = 0.0069)and elevated total IgE (p = 0.0134) was found and no significant association with intestinal protozoan infections,with acute malnutrition (WAZ ≤ -2 SD) or chronic malnutrition (HAZ ≤ -2 SD). Keywords: Toxocariasis, Toxocara canis, serodiagnosis, intestinal parasites, helminths.

8

Authors: Mirith Vásquez Munive, Ángela Romero Cárdenas, Aneth Rivas Castro

The form of exercise of sexuality has a great impact on the personal life, strong in the social acceptance and is crucial in the image projected by the person Whereas the exercise of sexuality can lead to an unwanted pregnancy, each time in this society is the earlier age of onset of sexual relations, that sex education in primary and secondary school has not produced the desired result and university students often do not become pregnant as planned, it is necessary to evaluate what are the circumstances surrounding this situation. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 67 students from the first five semesters of nursing, because they have not yet studied the subject within the curriculum that deals with sexuality. To collect the information a survey that collects the most important aspects in terms of knowledge, attitudes to sexuality and facing the way the exercise. Among the surveyed predominantly good without great differences from one semester to another, the attitude toward sex is mostly bad in all semesters and practices are flawed by unhealthy habits. Keywords: Sexuality, Knowledge, Attitudes, behaviours.

10

Authors: Yesenia Carolina Romero Herazo, Antonio José Díaz Caballero, Barbara Arroyo Salgado, Vivian Villalba Vizcaino

Advances in basic science and applied technology to various fields of research, facilitate the microbiological characteristics of most oral diseases. That is why for some time until the present, methods such as microorganism culture, staining techniques and biochemical tests, became a great help to achieve that objective in seeking answers to the questions microbiological same as those circumstances where agencies present challenges to its isolation. This is where the identification can be made from molecular techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction of (PCR),in situ hybridization, sequencing, polymorphism analysis of restriction fragment (RFLP) between different methods with which they are at present. Adequate and accurate identification of the specific organism in the pathology allows designing better treatment strategies that lead to the cure of patients and implementation of optimal prevention programs, avoiding the recurrence of clinical pathology in modern dentistry. Keywords: Polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, culture media, microbiology, periodontics, endodontics