Revista Espinhaço

1-1

Authors: Kourosh Behzadian

Editorial (portuguese)

4-12

Authors: Solomon Adedapo Adesoji; Adeola Lydia Adejumo

The study identified the sustainable land management practices being used by farmers in Osun State. The analysis determinedthe factors associated with the use of the land management practices and the best of the practices being used. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 256 farmers from eight Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the State. Eight different enterprise farmers were selected from the LGAs and four farmers were purposively selected from each enterprise. Data collected were described with frequency, mean and standard deviation while factor and regression analyses were used to make inferences for the study. The results revealed that the mean age of the farmers was 48.0±10.3, majority was married and about 60% were male. The mean household size was 6.6±2.8 and majority was able to read and write. The study identified 35 sustainable land management practices which were known to the farmers, out of which 28 were being practiced. Seven factors associated with the use ofsustainable land management practices are:farming experience, economic, educational, accessibility to inputs, personal and family characteristics as well as soil fertility status. These factors were statistically significant (P < .05) to the use of soil management practices. Weconcluded that the level of awareness and use of sustainable land management practices in the state was still below the expected standard.

22-29

Authors: Omer Tyseer Elhadi

This study investigatesthe level of gendermainstreaming on planning and implementation of activities within number of governmental,nongovernmental and academicorganizationsin Sudan.Gender mainstreaming isthe process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action including legislation policies or programs in all areas and at all levels.Organizations included on this research are entities that mainly involvedon natural resources management disciplines, humanitarian activities, and academia. Theproblem stated on thisstudy stemmed on the fact that informationon agriculture andnatural resources management domain includingfarming, forests, range management, livestock production is not disaggregated by sex, whileclimatechange stresseson natural resourcesand agriculture compounds the vulnerability of women in use and management of natural resources.The methodologyused on this study was purposive sampling using semi structured interviews to elicit information from selected organizationswithin Khartoum Citythe capital of the Sudan.Thestudy revealed that there is lack of knowledge on gender concepts andlack of skillfulexpertisewithin some of the studied organizationsand thus gender mainstreaming is not fulfilled yet.It also showed that there are either no regulations or no commitment to regulationson gender policieswithin thestudied organizations, therefore,gender policies on domain of agriculture and natural resources managementare notformulated. The study concluded that establishment of genderresearch units within academicinstitutionsis necessary. Those units can be platformsto sourceand develop knowledgeabout the role of genderin climate change adaptations,andthey alsocanbelinkedto decision making processes within institutions involved in naturalresources andagriculture,wheregender policies,could be developed and applied. Improved policyfor naturalresources management and agriculture hadbeen suggested to reduce climate stresses on natural resources and agriculture.

43-53

Authors: Alexandre Christofaro Silva, Luis Carlos Duarte Cavalcante, José Domingos Fabris, Roberto Franco Júnior, Uidemar, Morais Barral, Múcio Mágno de Melo Farnezi, Abraão José Silva Viana, José Domingos Ardisson, Luis Eugenio Fernandez-Outon, Luciano Roni Silva Lara, Humberto Osório Stumpf, João Batista Santos Barbosa, Luiz Carlos da Silva

The rupture of an itabirito mining tailings dam at the headwaters of the Doce River Basin (Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, Brazil) caused the greatest environmental catastrophe of the planet Earth related to this activity. The tailings were deposited both in the bottom and on the riverside terrace of the rivers, causing silting and deep changes in the water quality and burial of the main agricultural areas of this basin. For these areas to return to pre-disaster levels, it is imperative that the material deposited on the river terraces be thoroughly characterized. The objective of this work was to characterize the material from the rupture of the Fundão dam, deposited on the river terrace of the Carmo River, a tributary of the Doce River. The material was collected at a depth of 0 to 30 cm from a tail layer about 3 meters thick deposited on the river terrace on the right bank of the Carmo River in the urban area of Barra Longa, Minas Gerais. The physical analyses included soil, particle and porosity density, chemical analyses were pH, sorption complex, organic matter, exchangeable Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni, total oxides, and mineralogical analyses were performed by X-ray diffractometer and Mössbauer spectrometry. The reject has high levels of sand and silt and a low clay content. The densities of soil and particles are high, and the porosity is low. The pH is alkaline, the levels of organic matter, plant nutrients and CEC are very low. The exchangeable heavy metals Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni are very low, and the exchangeable Mn contents of the tailings are high. The predominant total oxides of the tailings are SiO2 and Fe2O3. The most abundant minerals of the tailings are quartz and hematite. The physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes of mine tailings restrict the restoration of native vegetation or the agricultural use of the river terraces on which it was deposited.

56-57

Authors: Kourosh Behzadian, Douglas Sathler, Lorena Fleury

Dra. Bette Otto Bliesner foi entrevistada pela Revista Espinhaço durante o BIARI 2016, que ocorreu em Providence (EUA) na Brown University. Para este volume especial da Revista Espihaço, a Dra. Bette, pesquisadora do National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) e especialista em modelagem climática e paleo-climatologia, traz reflexões sobre seu recente trabalho no IPCC. Esta entrevista foi conduzida por Kourosh Behzadian (University of West London), Douglas Sathler (FIH/Cegeo/UFVJM) and Lorena Fleury (UFRGS).