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Comparative study of hypoglycemic and antibacterial activity of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants
Authors: Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir, Shabbir Ahmad, Md. Sofi Mahamoud, Nishan Chakrabarty, Md. Akramul Hoque, Mohammed Munawar Hossain, Md. Nazim Uddin Chy, Mohammed Shoibe
Number of views: 413
Objective: To examine hypoglycemic and antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive
and Gram-negative bacteria of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants.
Methods: An in vivo hypoglycemic effect on mice model was used to check the hypoglycemic
effect of four Bangladeshi herbal organic extracts viz., roots of Curculigo recurvata W. T.
Aiton (Satipata) (C. recurvata), leaf of Amorphophallus bulbifer Roxb. (Olkachu) (A. bulbifer),
whole plant of Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. (Nillata) (T. grandiflora) and leaf of Steudnera
colocasiifolia K. Koch (Yunnan) (S. colocasiifolia) using glibenclamide as a positive control
and water as a negative control. They were also tested for antibacterial activity on three Grampositive and four Gram-negative bacteria by disk diffusion method. C. recurvata, A. bulbifer
and T. grandiflora were extracted with methanol and S. colocasiifolia was extracted with
ethanol.
Results: Among all the plant extract, only ethanol extract of S. colocasiifolia leaves at 800 mg/
kg dose significantly (P < 0.01) reduced fasting glucose level in normal mice as compared to
standard drug glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). Ethanol extract of S. colocasiifolia leaves at 800 mg/
kg dose decreased 20.28% of blood glucose level after 2 h of administration in normal mice,
where glibenclamide decreased 39.63%. Methanol extract of T. grandiflra didn’t show any
zone of inhibition against the tested bacteria, but other three extracts showed a wide range of
zone of inhibition. However, none of the extract showed antibacterial activity against all the
tested bacteria. Methanol extract of C. recurvata showed maximum zone of inhibition against
Bacillus cereus [(10.50 ± 0.50) mm], Salmonella typhi [(16.20 ± 1.26) mm], Escherichia
coli [(13.00 ± 1.00) mm] and ethanol extract of S. colocasiifolia showed maximum zone of
inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus [(11.20 ± 1.26 (mm)], Bacillus subtilis [(12.00 ±
0.50 (mm)], Salmonella paratyphi [(10.80 ± 0.29 (mm)]. Only methanol extract of A. bulbifer
showed (8.50 ± 0.50) mm and (7.20 ± 0.76) mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomomas
aeruginosa at 1 000 and 800 µg/disk dose respectively.
Conclusions: Through our study, it was found that S. colocasiifolia could be considered as very
promising and beneficial hypoglycemic agent. Although C. recurvata and S. colocasiifolia
showed comparable high antibacterial activity, further studies should be needed to develop new
antibacterial agent from them. S. colocasiifolia may be a potential source for the development
of new oral hypoglycemic agent.